Abstract: A method of aiding in the diagnosis or prediction of degenerative joint disease in a joint of a patient. The method comprises obtaining a test spectrum of Raman scattered radiation from cartilage tissue in the joint, and analyzing the test spectrum, or one or more regions thereof, to assess whether the test spectrum is consistent with the patient having, or subsequently developing, degenerative joint disease in the joint.

Abstract: Borazine derivatives are used in the manufacture of electronic devices, in particular electroluminescent and semiconductor devices. More specifically, stable borazine derivatives include boron atoms substituted by aryl groups used in one or more layers of an electroluminescent or a semiconductor device, in particular in the emissive layer of organic light-emitting devices (OLED).

Abstract: Methods of treating a head and neck cancer are disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to mTORbeta, a splice form of mTOR, nucleic acids encoding mTOR beta, and antibodies against mTOR beta. The invention also relates to methods of producing mTOR beta and methods of screening for an agent that modulates mTOR beta expression and/or activity. The invention further relates to a method of treating a disease associated with aberrant expression of mTOR beta by administration of an agent that alters mTOR activity and/or expression.

Abstract: A fuel cell comprising at least two stacked fuel cell boards (22) which each comprise a membrane of substantially gas impervious electrolyte material and at least two electrode pairs wherein the anode and cathode of each said electrode pair are arranged on respective faces of said membrane. An electrode of each pair of electrodes is connected to an electrode of an adjacent pair of electrodes by a through-membrane connection (13) or by an external connection on a Printed Circuit Board, comprising an electrically conductive region of said electrolyte material. A method for forming the through-membrane electrical connections in the electrolyte membrane is also disclosed.

Abstract: Articles, compositions, and methods for growing tissues and organs using bioreactors, including rotating bioreactors, are provided. Synthetic scaffolds for growing artificial tissue and organ transplants are also provided.

Abstract: A layered body comprising: a core region; at least one intermediate layer disposed around the core region; and an outer layer disposed around the at least one intermediate layer, wherein at least one of the at least one intermediate layers comprises a gas, the layered body having at least one dimension, measured across the body and through the core region, of 100 ?m or less.

Abstract: Methods of treating a head and neck cancer are disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a membrane for supporting cells, especially RPE cells. The membrane is useful in the treatment of conditions such as age related macular degeneration.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an acousto-optic lens (AOL) and corresponding method. The AOL of the invention comprises a first and second acousto-optic deflector, each being arranged to support a respective acoustic wave. The AOL includes a driver for synthesizing first and second drive signals for the respective first and second acousto-optic deflectors. The driver is arranged to synthesize the drive signals so as to be phase-modulated by functions that can be expressed as a Taylor series having one or more coefficients greater than second order. The functions are preferably non-sinusoidal and have sufficient magnitude at the higher orders to effect one or more of fixed aberration correction, dynamic aberration correction and Z-scanning.

Abstract: A semiconductor device is disclosed comprising: a substrate having a surface comprising germanium; a layer of gallium on said surface; and a layer of gallium arsenide on the gallium covered surface. The semiconductor heterostructure of gallium arsenide on germanium is fabricated by the steps of: protecting by a shutter a surface comprising germanium in an environment having a partial pressure of arsenic less than 10?8torr; epitaxially growing a layer of gallium on the said surface immediately after exposure of said surface; and epitaxially growing a layer of gallium arsenide on the gallium covered surface.

Abstract: An embodiment of the invention provides a method and apparatus for registering two medical images with one another. A first medical image including a representation of a biological organ of a subject or for a population is obtained and the surface of the organ is identified in the first medical image. The identified surface is then used to construct a 3D geometric surface model of the organ. The geometric model is used to derive a motion model that incorporates information on the physical material properties of the organ and external forces that cause the organ to move and deform. A second medical image including a representation of the organ of the subject (or another subject, in the case that the first medical image is an atlas image) is obtained and an alignment is determined between a first surface normal vector field for the organ surface, derived from the geometric model, and a second surface normal vector field for the organ surface, derived by filtering the second medical image.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for detecting and segmenting anomalous data in an input data set such as an image is described, which makes use of a normalised distance measure referred to as a zeta distance score. A test data point from an input test data set is compared with its corresponding nearest neighbouring standard data points in standard data sets representing variation in normal or expected data values, and the average distance from the test data point to the standard data points is found. An additional average distance measure representing the average distance between the different nearest neighbouring corresponding standard data points is also found, and a normalised distance measure obtained by finding the difference between the average distance from the test data point to the standard points and the average distance between the nearest neighbouring standard data points themselves. Where the input test data set is an image then a zeta distance score map can be found.

Abstract: A compound having the formula (I) R1-COOH wherein R1 is an alkyl or alkenyl group having a C7-11 backbone, optionally branched with a C1-6 alkyl group at any C position in the backbone, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, amide or ester thereof, wherein the backbone of the alkyl or alkenyl group, and/or the branched alkyl groups, are optionally interrupted by one or more heteroatoms, provided that when R1 is an alkyl group having a C7 backbone, the branching does not consist only of a hexyl group at the a carbon of R1, or only of a methyl group at the ? carbon of R1, or of only single methyl groups at both the ? and ?-1 carbons of R1, and provided that when R1 is an alkyl group having a C8 or C11 backbone, the branching does not consist only of a propyl group at the a carbon of R1, for use in the treatment or prevention of a disease or a biomedical condition selected from seizure-related disorders, bipolar disorders, mania, depression, migraine, attention deficit hyperactivity disorders, latent HIV infecti

Abstract: The present invention presents a mixture comprising charge-stabilized metallic nanoparticles and a photosensitizer, a method for making such mixture, and a method of using such mixture for killing or preventing the growth of microbes.

Abstract: This invention relates to biomimetic implants containing mammalian cells which are induced by their environment to produce gradients of diffusible factors. This may be useful in eliciting a physiological pro-angiogenic response which stimulates angiogenesis and revascularisation in tissue adjacent the implant, for example in therapeutic applications in which increased angiogenesis and/or vasculogenesis is required. This may also be useful in providing biomimetic mammalian cell niches for cell culture and differentiation.

Abstract: A method for manipulating domain pinning and reversal in a ferromagnetic material comprises applying an external magnetic field to a uniaxial ferromagnetic material comprising a plurality of magnetic domains, where each domain has an easy axis oriented along a predetermined direction. The external magnetic field is applied transverse to the predetermined direction and at a predetermined temperature. The strength of the magnetic field is varied at the predetermined temperature, thereby isothermally regulating pinning of the domains. A magnetic storage device for controlling domain dynamics includes a magnetic hard disk comprising a uniaxial ferromagnetic material, a magnetic recording head including a first magnet, and a second magnet. The ferromagnetic material includes a plurality of magnetic domains each having an easy axis oriented along a predetermined direction.

Abstract: A solid, compressed pharmaceutical composition comprises i) a peptide active pharmaceutical ingredient, ii) a polysaccharide excipient and/or an albumin, and iii) an oligosaccharide excipient. The polysaccharide excipient may be hyaluronic acid, or the potassium salt thereof, and the oligosaccharide excipient may be trehalose.

Abstract: The present invention derives from the finding that increased levels of alpha 2a adrenergic receptors (ADRA2a) are associated with chronic liver disease and that by decreasing ADRA2a levels in vivo, a number of symptoms and consequences of chronic liver disease may be reduced. Accordingly, the invention provides ADRA2a antagonists for use in a method of treating an individual suffering from liver disease.

Abstract: An exemplary method of predicting an amyloidosis status involves obtaining a profile of drusen in a periphery of a retina of a subject; and using the profile to predict an amyloidosis status. Another exemplary method of predicting an amyloidosis status involves identifying a subject, the amyloidosis status of which is desired; and obtaining a profile of drusen in a periphery of a retina of the subject. Another exemplary method of predicting an amyloidosis status involves analyzing a profile of drusen in a periphery of a retina of a subject to predict an amyloidosis status of the subject. Another exemplary method of predicting an amyloidosis status involves comparing a profile of drusen in a periphery of a retina of a subject to a control; and predicting an amyloidosis status of the subject.