Abstract: An article comprising: a substrate; and over at least part of a surface of said substrate an outer coating of hydroxyapatite and an intermediate bonding layer bonded to said substrate and to said outer coating, wherein a mechanical interlock is present between said substrate and said outer coating.

Abstract: An apparatus for driving a resonant circuit is disclosed.

Abstract: A method for dispersing nanomaterial comprising an electrochemical process, a solution of dispersed nanomaterial, comprising individual charged nanomaterial at a concentration of about O.1 mgm?1 or more and a solvent and an electrochemical cell are described.

Abstract: A method for dispersing nanotubes, comprising contacting the nanotubes with an electronic liquid comprising a metal and an amine solvent, a solution of dispersed nanotuhes, comprising individual nanotuhes at a concentration of greater than about 0.01 mgml?1 and a solvent and a nanotube crystal comprising a close packed array of nanotubes, wherein the crystal has a thickness of 100 nm or more are described.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) have been found to be useful as inhibitors of DDAH.

Abstract: The invention relates to a membrane for supporting cells, especially RPE cells. The membrane is useful in the treatment of conditions such as age related macular degeneration.

Abstract: Among other things, a method is disclosed comprising: receiving image data representing an image; processing the data to generate orientation information; processing the data using the orientation information to measure a quantity called local phase in a direction perpendicular to the orientation of a putative vessel; using the phase measurements from three collinear image locations or from two locations to detect the centerline of a symmetric image structure, such as a blood vessel, and to locate a center-point defined by the intersection of the centerline with the line created by the measurement locations.

Abstract: A method of aiding in the diagnosis or prediction of degenerative joint disease in a joint of a patient. The method comprises obtaining a test spectrum of Raman scattered radiation from cartilage tissue in the joint, and analysing the test spectrum, or one or more regions thereof, to assess whether the test spectrum is consistent with the patient having, or subsequently developing, degenerative joint disease in the joint.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transporting three or more radio signals of the same frequency, such as multiple input multiple output (MIMO) radio signals, over optical fiber on a single optical carrier using a phase quadrature double sideband frequency translation technique is disclosed.

Abstract: Phase contrast imaging is achieved using a sample mask 8 and a detector mask (6). X-rays emitted from x-ray source (2) are formed into individual beams (16) by sample mask which pass through sample (14) and arrive at individual pixels (12) of the detector (4) through detector mask (6). The individual x-ray beams are arranged to hit the pixel edge (20) of individual rows of pixels, individual columns of pixels or individual pixels. Small deviations ? in the individual beams (16) cause a significant increase or decrease in the signal hitting the exposed area (22) of the pixel resulting in a significant phase contrast signal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for improving stem cell integration. The present invention also relates to a method of improving stem cell integration and kits for improving stem cell integration.

Abstract: An example photodetector includes a waveguide structure having an active waveguide comprising an absorber for converting photons conveying an optical signal into charge carriers conveying a corresponding electrical signal; a carrier collection layer for transporting the charge carriers conveying the electrical signal; and a secondary waveguide immediately adjacent to the carrier collection layer, for receiving the photons to be detected, and which is evanescently coupled to the active waveguide.

Abstract: A method for assessing prognosis in an individual suffering from liver failure, which method comprises detecting endotoxin in the individual, for example by determining the neutrophil function in the individual. The method can be used to determine whether there is an increased risk of infection in the individual, an increased risk of organ failure in the individual, an increased risk of mortality in the individual and/or an increased risk that the individual will not respond positively to treatment with an immunosuppressive agent, a steroid or an antibiotic.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of a cell death marker labelled with a wavelength-optimised label for identifying cell death in the eye. Suitable cell death markers are the Annexins and fragments and derivatives thereof. The invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising a cell death marker labelled with a wavelength-optimised label and a method for monitoring cell death in the eye using a cell death marker labelled with a wavelength-optimised label.

Abstract: A solid, implantable dosage form comprising a therapeutically active agent in solid form, optionally with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, wherein the one or more excipients, when present, do not lead to a significant delay or prolongation of the release of active agent, as compared to an equivalent dosage form containing no excipients when tested in vitro.

Abstract: The invention relates to a carrier for delivering agents to the posterior region of the eye, the carrier comprising a Vitamin E derivative, especially tocopherol. The carrier may also comprise a cell death marker, such as an annexin.

Abstract: A method of surface treatment of at least part of a surface of an implant, said method comprising: electrochemical deposition of a layer containing calcium and phosphorus ions onto a metallic substrate; and incorporation of a therapeutic agent into said electrochemically deposited layer and an implant so treated.

Abstract: An algorithm is provided which uses a model-based concept of a cluster and scores items using a score representative of the probability that a given item has been generated from the same distribution as one or more query items. The items are represented by a feature vector xi comprising a plurality of digitally represented features xij the method including: receiving an input identifying the query items; for each of the other items computing a score which is a function of a conditional probability of the feature vectors xij of the query items being generated from the generating distribution formula (I) given that the respective other item is generated from the generating distribution formula (I) and returning a score for each of the other items, a list of some or all of the other items, sorted by their respective score, or a list of n other items which have the highest score.

Abstract: This invention relates to the finding that the presence of polymorphisms in and around the farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FDPS) gene is predictive of the densitometric response of patients with bone disorders, such as osteoporosis, subsequent to commencing treatment with amino-bisphosphonates. Methods relating to the identification of individuals having bone disorders which are responsive to bisphosphonates and predicting the responsiveness of individuals with bone disorders to treatment with a bisphosphonate are provided.

Abstract: A glycopeptide of the formula S-L-X—P, wherein: S is selected from an optionally protected monosaccharide, an optionally protected polysaccharide, a polyalkylene oxide chain and a group of the formula II, wherein R1 and R3 are independently selected from H or Ac, R4 is Ac, and R2 is a group of formula IV, wherein R7 and R8 are each independently selected from an optionally protected monosaccharide and an optionally protected polysaccharide, A, B, C and D are each independently 1 or 2, and m is 1 to 5; -L- is a moiety of the formula III wherein R5 and R6 are independently selected from H and Me and n is 1 to 3; and P is a peptide chain containing at least one amino acid having on its side chain the atom X, wherein X is an oxygen, a sulphur atom or a —CH2— moiety.