Abstract: A wear resistant steel material, produced in a powder metallurgical manner, has the following composition in weight-%: and, further, 0.5 to 14 of (V+Nb/2), wherein the contents of N, on one hand, and of (V+Nb/2), on the other hand, are balanced in relation to each other so that the contents of said elements are within a range A, B, G, H, A in a perpendicular plane coordinate system, where the content of N is the abscissa and the content of V+Nb/2 is the ordinate, and where the coordinates for said points are: and max 7 of any of Ti, Zr, and Al; balance essentially only iron and unavoidable impurities. This steel is excellent for obtaining a wear resistant surface region on a substrate of a metallic material by hot isostatic pressing of the steel material of the substrate. Especially when the wear resistant steel is void of Co, the compound body obtained is especially suitable for use in e.g. valves for nuclear power plants.

Abstract: The object of the invention is a process of manufacturing a sintered compact of sinterable pulverulent material, in which the powder is moulded against a moulding surface and sintered in contact with the moulding surface and in which the pores in at least local areas of the compact are sealed by infiltration with an infiltration material which during a stage of the infiltration process is in liquid form and which by temperature decrease is caused to solidify in the pores, and the characteristic features of the invention are that the moulding takes place on the moulding surface in such a way that the moulding surface is covered with relatively fine-grained sinterable powder which by its own adhesion or by adhesion intensified by additives is caused to form an at least temporarily retained fine powder layer (3) on the moulding surface, and that at least one layer (5) of sinterable coarse powder is applied to the fine powder layer, and that both layers are sintered and infiltration is effected such that the infi

Abstract: Article produced in a mould for a plastics moulding tool having a mould surface defining the contours of the article, with the article comprising a body formed from a composition comprising a sinterable material having a sintering temperature which material, before sintering, is shapable into a desired shape and which during sintering forms a porous body having pores, the sinterable material being at least partially sintered in the mould, and also comprising a matrix having a lower melting point than the sintering temperature of the sinterable material, with the matrix comprising a matrix metal which is infiltrated in the porous body to substantially fill the pores.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for manufacturing tubes by sintering and infiltration, the characteristic features of the invention being that the tube wall is formed from a metal powder on a mandrel and is sintered and that the tube wall, during one sintering stage, is sealed by infiltration by means of an infiltration material which solidifies in situ when the temperature is lowered after sintering and which is capable, when in the liquid state, of wetting the metal powder particles, the molding of the tube from the metal powder being preferably carried out by a wet or dry pressing process or by extrusion of the metal powder.

Abstract: A steel with good weldability and hardenability, a yield point of at least 600 MPa, a rupture limit of at least 900 MPa at room temperature and an impact toughness of at least 40 Joule at -20.degree. C., has the following chemical composition as % by weight:C: 0.03-0.07Si: 0.10-1Mn: 1.2-2.5Cr: 1.8-3Ni: 1.5-3Mo: max 0.5Nb, V, Ti total 0-0.10with the remainder mainly only iron and impurities in normal amounts. The best impact toughness in achieved when the ratio Mn/Cr is about 2/3 or 0.6. The total content of Mn+Cr is, in accordance with a preferred embodiment, between 3 and 5, suitably between 3.5 and 4.5%. The steel is particularly suitable for anchor chains for e.g. off-shore oil drilling platforms. A recommended heat treatment after welding includes normalizing at 800.degree.-1000.degree. C., cooling to room temperature and duplex annealing.

Abstract: At the dissolving of molten smelt from the so called spouts at a chemical recovery apparatus in a sulphate pulp plant, the molten chemicals which are discharged from the recovery boiler are desintegrated into smaller droplets, which fall down into the bath where the chemicals shall be dissolved in an aqueous solution to produce green liquor. For the desintegration there is used one or more jets of an air-water mist.

Abstract: A process for producing a highly qualified dissolving pulp sheet is disclosed, wherein the pulp sheet exhibits reduced swelling tendencies and improved mercerizing properties, combined with at least reduced need for dialysis of the mercerization liquor in any subsequent viscose processing, while reducing the energy consumption in the treatment process. A substantial proportion of the hemicellulose in a pre-hydrolyzed bleached sulfate cellulosic pulp is removed by contacting the pulp with an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide. The pulp is subjected to mechanical working under a net energy supply of 15-100 KWh/ton pulp to split the primary layer, and at least the outer parts of the secondary layer, of the pulp fibers substantially without fibrillation. The pulp can be washed, dried and pressed to form sheets.The dissolving pulp produced by this process is suitable for the production of reinforcing cord, such as tire cords and the like.

Abstract: In a paper machine headbox a profile bar (15) is mounted on a top slice lip (12). The profile bar is locally displaceable in the vertical direction by means of a plurality of adjusting assemblies (16) distributed along the top slice lip. Each adjustment assembly comprises an electrical level sensor (21) in the form of a differential transformer, the core (23) of which is affixed to the profile bar, while the coil (22) of the differential transformer is affixed to the top slice lip. The differential transformer is electrically connected to an indicator (24).

Abstract: There is disclosed a tool steel having a very high wear resistance for cutting purposes which consists essentially of 0.8-1.2 wt. % C, 3.0-6.0 wt. % Cr, up to 40 wt. % W, up to 20 wt. % Mo where W+2Mo=20.0-40 wt. %, up to 15 wt. % Co, not more than about 0.1 wt. % V, balance Fe and normal impurities.

Abstract: PCT No. PCT/SE78/00029 Sec. 371 Date May 9, 1979 Sec. 102(e) Date May 9, 1979 PCT Filed Aug. 10, 1978 PCT Pub. No. WO79/00137 PCT Pub. Date Mar. 22, 1979This specification describes a method of separating a fine-grained close-packed solid material from a liquid with which the fine-grained material is saturated. The material may by way of example consist of grindings; metal-containing pickling bath deposits; or metal oxides from metallurgical venturi-filter. The moist mixture (1) is packed in a container (2) which thereafter is closed and heated from underneath. The liquid is evaporated starting from the lower portions in the container and forces liquid from the upper portions towards the surface of the paste-like mixture, wherefrom collected liquid (9) can be removed. Common oil drums can be used as containers.

Abstract: Method of taking care of the contents of valuable metals in grindings and other waste products of superalloys. The material is led into a metallic melt, preferably by injecting it by means of a carrier gas. The charge is heated up in the inductive way. The material contains aluminium and/or tantalum, or can these elements be added separately to the charge, thus preventing an oxidation of such valuable metals as vanadium, tantalum and niobium and obtaining a high yield of these elements. After the remelting, aluminium and/or titanium can be selectively oxidized by injecting into the charge oxygen and/or water vapor, a slag having a certain oxygen potential or a metal oxide where the metal has a lower affinity to oxygen as compared with aluminium and/or titanium.

Abstract: A steel alloy is disclosed which is suitable for use in parts exposed to extreme stress and wear at high temperatures comprising the following chemical composition in percentage by weight:______________________________________ C 1.5 Si appr 0.7 Mn 2.0 Cr 21.5 Ni 5.0 Mo 0.6 W 1.25 V 2.25 ______________________________________balance iron.A tube piercing mill roller and a tube mill rolling mandrel of said steel are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for atomizing a molten material, by disintegration of a stream of the molten material by fluid jets directed under high pressure against said stream, a first and a second fluid jet generated at opposite sides of the stream being converged towards a point of intersection lying aside of the stream of molten material, said first fluid jet being spread out in a plane intersecting the stream of molten material at an acute angle, said second fluid jet extending within .+-.10.degree. relative to the original direction of the stream of molten metal. The invention is characterized in that said second fluid jet is imparted the shape of a curved curtain with its concave side facing the stream of molten material, and the second nozzle, in a plane perpendicular to the pouring direction, is curved with its concave side facing the casting opening and directed essentially in the same direction as said casting opening.

Abstract: A composite steel material consisting of two metallically joined steel components having different chemical compositions is disclosed. The first component is a high-speed tool steel or other high alloy tool steel having a carbon activity and a hardness and wear resistance in the same order as that of high speed tool steel. The second component is a steel consisting essentially of 0.40-0.45 weight percent carbon, 0.40-1.00 weight percent silicon, 0.40-1.00 weight percent manganese, 2.5-4.0 weight percent chromium, 0.50-1.50 weight percent molybdenum, 0.20-0.45 weight percent vanadium, balance iron and normal impurities.

Abstract: An improved method for purifying dark colored chlorine containing effluents from a chlorine based pulp mill bleaching plant is disclosed, wherein the purification process involves treating the effluent in a bed containing a particulate weakly basic anion exchange and/or absorbent resin which takes up the colored lignin degradation products in the effluent until the resin has been saturated with pollutants to a given degree, whereupon the resin bed is eluted by means of an alkali solution. At least a fraction of the eluate which is released from the resin bed during the elution is acidified to a pH of less than 2, so that the majority of the total solids of the acidified effluent is precipitated, the precipitate is separated from the residual acidic liquor which contains the majority of the inorganic chlorine of the acidified eluate, and the precipitate then may be suitably transferred to a recovery plant of the pulp mill for eventual disposal.

Abstract: A process for the production of ferro alloys containing manganese, chromium, molybdenum, and small amounts of carbon is provided. To a converter having a previous product melt and a slag rich in oxides of chromium or manganese is added a reducing agent having an excess of silicon or aluminum. Fluid is injected into the melt to create intensive agitation of the melt, slag and reducing agent, whereby the oxides in the slag are reduced. Lime is added to fix the resulting silicoc acid or aluminum oxide, and the slag with reduced chromium or manganese content is removed from the converter. Injection into the melt of a pulverulent oxide concentrate of chromium or manganese is continued, with additional lime, until the excess of silicon or aluminum in the melt, supplied by the reducing agent, reduces the injected oxide concentrate and the chromium and manganese are oxidized and go into the slag. The resulting product is partially tapped from the converter and the process is repeated.

Abstract: The carbon content in iron, cobalt, or nickel based alloys containing at least about 16% chromium is substantially eliminated without significant loss of chromium by blowing the alloy with oxygen to oxidize the carbon and simultaneously introducing steam or ammonia in amounts such that the partial pressure of carbon monoxide (formed by oxidation of carbon) is lower than that which corresponds to the equilibrium pressure for the carbon/chromium oxidation e.g. below 0.95 and preferably below 0.5 atmospheres.

Abstract: In a degreasing apparatus the articles to be degreased are placed in a holder fastened to two sprocket wheels. Each sprocket wheel is suspended in an endless chain. Movable sprocket wheels connected by a wire to a winding chain provided to form at least one loop on each endless chain, resulting in the holder being lifted from a lower position in a degreasing solvent to an upper position outside the solvent. A motor driving a sprocket wheel in turn drives a chain which is trained over a stationary sprocket wheel for rotating the stationary sprocket wheel engaging the endless chain, resulting in the holder being rotated irrespective of its position in the apparatus.

Abstract: A process for purifying the effluent from a pulp bleaching process which includes a chlorine treatment, an alkali extraction, and a final bleaching is disclosed, wherein a number of washing steps are connected in counter-current series from a final wash step in the final bleach section to the wash step of the first alkali extraction stage, the strongly polluted effluent from the wash step of the first alkali extraction stage is passed through a first column containing a bed of particulate porous resin which traps and retains organic pollutants in the effluent, and a combined effluent which includes an acidic polluted liquor from the chlorine bleaching stage and a partly purified filtrate from the first column is fed through a second column which contains a bed of particulate porous resin which traps organic pollutants fed therethrough, with the resin bed in the second column being activated by the acidic nature of the combined effluent, with chloride ions in the combined effluent essentially passing through t

Abstract: A method for powder metallurgical production of bar stock from an iron, nickel or cobalt based alloy comprises the steps of introducing a powder of the desired alloy into a tubular container together with a reducing agent and an oxygen getter, sealing the container without evacuating it, heating the sealed container and the powder therein, compacting the heated container by progressive forging and rolling the forged blank. Equipment for forging the container includes a tool having upper and lower dies defining between them an open-ended forging cavity which tapers from an entrance end towards an exit end and through which the container is fed in step-wise manner.