Abstract: A process and apparatus for controlling the temperature of the fluidized bed in a thermal reaction furnace. An igniting flame is directed horizontally and radially at the fuel within the bed in the lower third of the bed above the grate. The ignition burner and fuel pipeline are arranged closely together and enter the furnace through a common fitting or flange. In operation, the ignition flame is ignited before fuel is fed to the fluidized bed.

Abstract: A heat exchanger for a nuclear reactor of the cavern type comprises a double walled vessel disposed within a steel liner. The vessel contains a large number of reaction tubes provided with a catalyst through which the material to be reformed flows. The outlet pipes of the reaction tubes act as a heat exchanger in the outer space of the vessel, which is filled with water. The vessel rests upon a bracket on the lower part of the liner, and the space between the liner and vessel in the region of the bracket is sealed by a double flange structure. At the top of the vessel, seal is effected by a cover, membrane ring, and a double flange arrangement. The annular space between the liner and vessel is sealed by a packing against the recycle gas nozzle leading from the interior of the vessel.

Abstract: A system for holding a substantially constant pressure level in the medium pressure steam system of an integrated plant, despite any sudden shutdown of a high pressure steam turbine. A combination quick-opening and a control valve is provided with a hold-down operator and positioning actuator with a spring drive, the hold-down operator being connected through a changeover valve with a working pressure system. The positioning actuator is connected to an additional change-over valve and to the outlet of the pressure controller, such additional change-over valve being provided with a connecting line to the outlet of the pressure controller and to the outlet of a multiplier relay. The two change-over valves are actuated through the turbine trip system. The combination quick-opening and control valve has an operating lever mounted on a fixed fulcrum pivoted on the piston rod of another pneumatic drive.

Abstract: A process for the production of hydrogen/deuterium-containing gas in which the enriched condensate obtained from the production of a hydrogen/deuterium-containing gas mixture is collected and subjected to a direct exchange of isotopes with the feedsteam admitted to the process. Such condensate can be brought into direct exchange of isotopes with the gas water vapour mixture within the process, viz. ahead of the CO conversion section. The exchange of isotopes may be performed according to the counter-current principle. If it is intended to maintain in the hydrogen/deuterium-containing gas a certain definite content of water vapour whose phase condition is superior to the condition achieved when using normal cooling water, this gas, at least 0.6 kg/m.sup.3 of gas, is subjected to an exchange of isotopes with the water fed additionally into the process.

Abstract: A method for the production of a homogenous gas mixture from two gas streams of different parameters in which an open or free equalizing space downstream of a superimposed catalyst layer is provided. Within such open space is a mixing assembly imposing a little deflection upon the reaction gas stream causing a low pressure drop in the stream with a consequent reduced loss of energy. Quench gas is admitted through a two stage pressure reduction. It is first expanded from a duct surrounding the mixing assembly through a plurality of openings where the gas velocities are reduced and equalized. The second pressure reduction takes place across openings in the mixing assembly. Quench gas and reaction gas are then thoroughly mixed in the mixing assembly and the gas mixture is consequently passed to the entrance of a second catalyst layer downstream.

Abstract: A bipolar multiple electrolytic cell having an alkali-chlorine diaphragm cell for obtaining caustic solution, chlorine and hydrogen in which the titanium metal electrodes act on one side as the anode and on the other as the cathode, the anode side being coated with a metal or metal oxide for activation purposes, and the cathode side having a dense coating of metal alloy of nickel and elements of the Group III or V of the periodic system, which is applied chemically, preferably by employing the so-called "Kanigen" process.

Abstract: A method for the reprocessing of cell liquor from diaphragm cell electrolysis plants that operate on potassium chloride brine. The cell liquor is contacted with an SO.sub.2 -bearing gas, and the effluent solution is oxidized with an oxygen-bearing gas, then a definite quantity of KCl is added to said oxidized solution, and this solution is subjected to a filtration and precipitation step, and finally it is then recycled as make-up brine to the electrolysis cell plant.

Abstract: A device for performing catalytic endothermic reactions which comprises a vessel having a heat exchanger provided with cooling tubes which extend through an outer tubesheet of the heat exchanger. These tubes are sealed against the outer tubesheet of the heat exchanger, and are connected rigidly to the inner tubesheet. Reaction tubes are provided with catalyst support grids, and the sections of these tubes below the grids are of a length that is at least equal to the diameter of the respective tubes. Downstream of the support grids, the process gas discharge tubes extend centrally through the catalyst-free portions of the reaction tubes and are spaced from the inner walls of the cooling tubes. The spaces between the process gas discharge tubes and the reaction tubes are filled with insulating material. The process gas discharge tubes, which are disposed within the cooling tubes, may extend to or beyond the outer tubesheets of the heat exchanger.

Abstract: A novel circuit of electrolytic cells comprising novel electrolytic cells, novel jumper switches and novel arrangement of the jumper switches referring to the electrolytic cells which enable the novel circuit to be designed to operate at high current capacities upward to about 500,000 amperes while maintaining high operating efficiencies. These high current capacities provide for high production capacities which result in high production rates for given cell room floor areas and reduce capital investment and operating costs.