Abstract: A method, performed by a receiver, for controlling congestion, including receiving packets from a transmitter, determining a maximum transmission rate of the received packets; determining a minimum packet delay of the received packets; determining characteristics of a congestion window of next packets to be received from the transmitter based on the maximum transmission rate and the minimum packet delay; and transmitting information on the determined characteristics of the congestion window to the transmitter.

Abstract: A neural network operation apparatus includes an input register to store an input feature map, a processing element array including a processing element to perform an operation based on the input feature map and a weight matrix, and a controller to map a portion of the input feature map and a portion of the weight matrix, both on which the operation is to be performed, to the processing element.

Abstract: An antenna device according to an example embodiment includes a silicon substrate of first type doping, at least two first doped regions formed by second type doping different from the first type doping, a second doped region formed by the second type doping outside a channel region surrounding the at least two first doped regions, and at least two gates disposed on a dielectric layer. In the antenna device, a resonant frequency is adjusted according to an external voltage individually applied to the at least two gates, and polarization information of a terahertz (THz) light source is obtained based on a pattern and an amount of an electric field measured at the at least two gates.

Abstract: A network switching device includes: a communication unit; an information collection unit configured to obtain information on a network state of the network from first and second information for packets received through the communication unit; a marking reference calculation unit configured to calculate a marking reference based on the second information when it is determined that the network state has changed based on the first information; and a marking execution unit configured to perform marking indicating a congestion degree on at least a part of the packets received through the communication unit based on the calculated marking reference.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device and a device including the same are provided. The semiconductor memory device includes word lines extending in a first direction on a semiconductor substrate; bit line structures extending across the word lines in a second direction crossing the first direction; contact pad structures between the word lines and between the bit line structures; and spacers between the bit line structures and the contact pad structures. The spacers include a boron nitride layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of discovering a marker for predicting a risk of depression or suicide using multi-omics analysis and machine learning, and a marker for predicting a risk of depression or suicide, discovered by the method. According to the method for discovering a marker for predicting a risk of depression or suicide, the marker for predicting the risk of depression or suicide may be discovered with high accuracy and reliability, and the risk of depression or suicide can be diagnosed and prevented at an early stage through genetic testing.

Abstract: A biosensor using an array antenna includes: at least two antenna elements that are spaced apart from each other along the lateral circumference of an object, radiate electromagnetic waves having a directivity toward the inside of the object, and receive a scattered electromagnetic field; a signal generator for generating a feed signal with a frequency sweep; a phase shifter for adjusting the phase of the feed signal and transmitting the feed signal to the at least two antenna elements; and a controller for detecting the location of a target part inside the object based on the scattered electromagnetic field received in response to the radiated electromagnetic waves by sweeping the frequency and phase of the feed signal.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a nano membrane. The nano membrane includes an insulating layer having a thickness corresponding to a diameter of each of metal nanowires and configured to contain the metal nanowires therein, and the metal nanowires arranged to cross and having portions of side surfaces which protrude from one surface of the insulating layer.

Abstract: A resistance measuring device includes an amplifying unit including an amplifier, a first and a second current supply unit, a voltage detection unit, and a controller. The controller controls the voltage detection unit to detect a first output voltage of an output terminal of the amplifier in a state where the current of the first current source flows in a forward direction to a measurement target resistor by controlling the first current supply unit, controls the voltage detection unit to detect a second output voltage of the output terminal of the amplifier in a state where the current of the second current source flows in a reverse direction to the measurement target resistor by controlling the second current supply unit, and calculates a resistance value of the measurement target resistor based on the detected first output voltage and the detected second output voltage.

Abstract: A method, performed by a receiver, for controlling congestion, including receiving packets from a transmitter, determining a maximum transmission rate of the received packets; determining a minimum packet delay of the received packets; determining characteristics of a congestion window of next packets to be received from the transmitter based on the maximum transmission rate and the minimum packet delay; and transmitting information on the determined characteristics of the congestion window to the transmitter.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an interphone device for use in ships, the interphone device comprising: an input/output unit to which a voice is input or from which a voice is output; a transmission/reception circuit unit which receives the voice from the input/output unit and provides a first signal obtained by encoding and modulating the received voice; and an antenna which is attached to the metal hull of the ship, forms an electromagnetic field in the metal hull, and carries the first signal received from the transmission/reception circuit unit by the electromagnetic field, so as to propagate the first signal.

Abstract: Disclosed are a stereoscopic magnetic print film formed using magnetic particles and a method of manufacturing the stereoscopic magnetic print film. The method includes preparing magnetic ink including magnetic particles, forming a printing layer on a base layer using the prepared magnetic ink, and forming a stereoscopic pattern by applying a magnetic field to the printing layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a low power modulator with a VCO quantizer. The low power modulator with the VCO quantizer may include an integrator converting an input current to a voltage, a quantizer converting the converted voltage to digital information, a filter unit filtering the converted digital information, a DAC converting the filtered digital information into a feedback current, and a controller calculating the digital information output based on a difference value between the input current and the feedback current for each sampling time.

Abstract: Disclosed are a CMOS temperature sensor for measuring a temperature and an operating method thereof. According to an embodiment, the CMOS temperature sensor for measuring the temperature may include a readout circuit that outputs a readout value by comparing a voltage value at a first end of a capacitor charging a charge based on a proportional current proportional to a temperature with an inverse proportional voltage inversely proportional to the temperature or comparing a voltage value at a second end of the capacitor formed at the other side of the first end with a ground voltage; and a control unit that determines a temperature based on an oscillation period of the readout value output from the readout circuit.

Abstract: Provided are a black phosphorus-two dimensional material complex and a method of manufacturing the black phosphorus-two dimensional material complex. The black phosphorus-two dimensional material complex includes: first and second two-dimensional material layers, which each have a two-dimensional crystal structure and are coupled to each other by van der Waals force; and a black phosphorus sheet which between the first and second two-dimensional material layers and having a two-dimensional crystal structure in which a plurality of phosphorus atoms are covalently bonded.

Abstract: A photoacoustic-ultrasonic dual-mode endoscope includes: a probe and a probe driving unit, wherein the probe includes: a coaxially configured optical and electromagnetic rotary waveguide assembly including an optical fiber, the optical fiber including a core and a cladding, and a conductive path coaxially arranged with the optical fiber; a scanning tip located at an end of the coaxially configured optical and electromagnetic rotary waveguide assembly and configured to deliver a laser beam to an object to be examined and detect a photoacoustic signal and an ultrasonic signal generated from the object to be examined; and a plastic catheter surrounding outer surfaces of the coaxially configured optical and electromagnetic rotary waveguide assembly and the scanning tip, wherein the conductive path includes: a first conductive path including a portion coaxially arranged with the optical fiber; and a second conductive path including a portion coaxially arranged with the optical fiber and insulated from the first co

Abstract: A magnetic domain drawing apparatus includes a magnetic plate moving module including a magnetic plate seating part configured to hold a magnetic plate seated thereon and a magnetic plate moving part configured to move the magnetic plate seating part, and at least one of magnetic domain deforming modules disposed to be spaced apart from the magnetic plate seating part at a predetermined distance and configured to deform a magnetic domain of the magnetic plate when the magnetic plate is seated on the magnetic plate seating part. The at least one of magnetic domain deforming modules is configured to deform the magnetic domain of the magnetic plate by applying at least one of heat, a magnetic field and an external force to the magnetic plate.

Abstract: An electronic device comprises: a first plate configured to face one surface of the electronic device; a second plate configured to face in a direction opposite to the first plate; a side bezel structure connected to the first plate and the second plate and configured to surround the side of the electronic device; and a printed circuit board mounted in the electronic device and configured to be connected to the side bezel structure, wherein the printed circuit board comprises: a ground area; a first conductive pad, disposed in one area of the printed circuit board, and configured to couple the side bezel structure and the printed circuit board; and a second conductive pad electrically connected to the ground area and disposed between the first conductive pad and the ground area, wherein the first conductive pad and the second conductive pad may be disposed at an interval through which a current, having a voltage equal to or greater than a threshold voltage between the first conductive pad and a second electro

Abstract: Provided are a negative active material for a lithium secondary battery, a manufacturing method thereof, and a lithium secondary battery including the same, and the present invention may provide a negative active material for a lithium secondary battery including a secondary particle in which a plurality of silicon nanoparticles are aggregated; and a plurality of metal particles distributed in pores in the secondary particle, a manufacturing method thereof, and a lithium secondary battery including the same.

Abstract: A moisture permeability measuring device includes a first body member including a seating part, a flexible bottom plate to be arranged on the seating part, a flexible top plate to be arranged on the bottom plate, a holder part to fix a lower edge portion of the bottom plate and an upper edge portion of the top plate, and a second body member to be arranged on the holder part and having a through-hole defined in a region overlapping the top plate, and an area of the seating part on a plane is smaller than an area of the bottom plate on the plane.