Abstract: Disclosed are nanofluidic analytical devices. The devices employ a sample processing region that includes a plurality of fluidically connected sample handling elements that, in combination, affect a physical change on a sample introduced into the sample processing region. This physical change can include, for example, purification of an analyte of interest present in the sample, concentration of an analyte of interest present in the sample, chemical modification (e.g., cleavage and/or chemical derivatization) of an analyte of interest present in the sample, or a combination thereof. The analytical devices further include a nanochannel comprising a plurality of in-plane nanopores in series fluidically coupled to the sample processing region. The in-plane nanopores can be used to detect and/or analyze analyte(s) present in the sample following processing by the sample processing region. These analytical devices can advantageously provide for the label-free detection of single molecules.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for treating fibrosis and/or cancer in a subject in need thereof. The methods include providing a composition comprising an inhibitor of IL-4/IL-13 receptor function and administering an effective amount of the composition to the subject to treat fibrosis and/or cancer.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an adhesive constructure including: a substrate and a hollow structure disposed to protrude on the substrate, wherein the hollow structure includes a hollow support portion protruding from the substrate and fixed on the substrate and an adhesive portion disposed below the hollow support portion and exposed to the outside, and the adhesive portion has a larger swelling ratio than the hollow support portion and the adhesive portion has a hollow horn shape of which volume expands in a wet state.

Abstract: A nasogastric tube comprising a porous medium for treatment of a treatment area of an internal surface of a body lumen of a patient to be treated; a suction lumen coupled to the porous medium for providing suction to the porous medium; and a radial deployment system operable to deploy the porous medium between: (i) an insertion state for insertion of the porous medium into the patient, and (ii) a treatment state in which an outer surface of the porous medium is moved towards the treatment area of the patient; wherein a window is defined in a body carried by the nasogastric tube; and wherein a portion of the radial deployment system and/or a portion of the porous medium is arranged to move radially outwards through the window to deploy the porous medium from the insertion state to the treatment state.

Abstract: A method of detecting the presence of alpha-synuclein aggregation in a biological sample is provided whereby a biological sample is mixed with a reaction sample comprising a population of beads, a fluorophore adapted to bind to protein aggregates and to increase fluorescence when bound to protein aggregates, and alpha-synuclein or a fragment or variant thereof to form a reaction mixture, wherein a significant increase in the fluorescence of the reaction mixture during incubation is indicative of the presence of aggregates of alpha-synuclein in the biological sample.

Abstract: An electrowetting lens cavity for use in an electrowetting lens is formed of a metal such as aluminum, having an inner surface tapering downward to an aperture, and smooth enough to allow lensing. The inner surface may be machined and then polished to a roughness of under 0.1 ?m. The cavity may form a truncated cone, with the aperture diameter significantly smaller than the tapering part of the inner surface. Dielectric and hydrophobic layers may be formed on the surface of the cavity.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions and methods for remotely and non-invasively subjecting targeted biological structures with light emissions or chromogenic changes.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a reactor for the conversion of carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide into hydrocarbon and/or alcohol comprising a support made from an electrically and thermally conductive material, forming the wall or walls of at least one longitudinal channel that passes through the support and also acting as the cathode of the reactor, at least one wire electrode forming an anode of the reactor, and extending within each longitudinal channel, and being arranged at a distance from the wall or walls of the longitudinal channel, each wire electrode optionally being covered with an electrically insulating layer along the part of the wire electrode extending within the longitudinal channel, a catalyst capable of catalysing a conversion reaction for the conversion of carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide into hydrocarbon and/or alcohol, the catalyst being situated between the wire electrode and the wall or walls of each longitudinal channel.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for coherent diffraction imaging. This is accomplished by acquiring data in a CDI setup with a CMOS or similar detector. The object is illuminated with coherent light such as EUV light which may be pulsed. This generates diffraction patterns which are collected by the detector, either in frames or continuously (by recording the scan position during collection). Pixels in the CDI data are thresholded and set to zero photons if the pixel is below the threshold level. Pixels above the threshold may be set to a value indicating one photon, or multiple thresholds may be used to set pixels values to one photon, two photons, etc. In addition, multiple threshold values may be used to detect different photon energies for illumination at multiple wavelengths.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a computing system for performing medical image analysis. A computing system for performing medical image analysis according to an embodiment of the present invention includes at least one processor. The at least one processor performs image processing on a first medical image, and segments at least one anatomical region in the first medical image. The at least one processor generates a first quantitative parameter for the at least one anatomical region based on quantitative measurement conditions that can be measured in the first medical image, and stores the first quantitative parameter in a database in association with the first medical image and the at least one anatomical region.

Abstract: A method for providing a feedback on a surgical outcome by a computer includes dividing, by the computer, actual surgical data obtained in an actual surgical process into a plurality of detailed surgical operations to obtain actual surgical cue sheet data composed of the plurality of detailed surgical operations, obtaining, by the computer, reference cue sheet data about the actual surgery, and comparing, by the computer, the actual surgical cue sheet data with the reference cue sheet data, and providing, by the computer, the feedback based on the comparison result.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for manufacturing a hydrogen sensor, the method comprising the steps of: disposing a thin film made of a transition metal or an alloy thereof on a surface of elastic substrate; applying a tensile force in a repetitive manner to the elastic substrate to form a nanocrack on the thin film disposed on the surface of the elastic substrate; and injecting hydrogen gas into the formed nanocrack and then removing the hydrogen gas to form a nanogap, wherein the tensile force in the step of forming a nanocrack is applied to an extent that the elastic substrate has a tensile strain of 25% to 100%.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for heuristically defending against a local adversarial attack through gradient optimization. The method includes: processing an original image to obtain a gradient image; selecting a noise region in the gradient image and suppressing the noise region to form a defense patch; performing gradient enhancement on the original image to form a gradient-enhanced image; and projecting the defense patch onto the gradient-enhanced image to form a defense-processed image. The present disclosure can suppress high-frequency noise and prevent a deep neural network from being attracted by the high-frequency noise to make misjudgment, to suppress an adversarial patch. In addition, a contour and texture of the original image are enhanced by performing gradient enhancement on the original image, recognition by a classifier is facilitated, and image recognition accuracy is improved.

Abstract: An InGaN-based LED epitaxial wafer and a fabrication method thereof are disclosed, wherein the InGaN-based LED epitaxial wafer includes: a substrate; an InGaN layer, formed on a surface of the substrate, having an In content between 40% and 90%, so as to ensure that the LED epitaxial wafer is capable of emitting long-wavelength light or near-infrared rays; a p-type metal oxide layer, formed on a surface of the InGaN layer facing away from the substrate, acting as a hole injection layer for the InGaN layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I) for use in preventing and/or treating cancer.

Abstract: Methods of evaluating mixing are disclosed relating to the preparation and mixing of materials. Materials prepared may transition from heterogeneous mixtures to homogenous mixtures while the current of a motor is monitored. Quantities relating to the rate of change of power or the rate of change of entropy may be calculated in evaluating the sufficiency of mixing. Methods of evaluating lubricant degradation are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for assisting the reading of a medical image based on a medical artificial neural network, the apparatus including a computing system. An apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a computing system, and the computing system includes at least one processor. The at least one processor acquires or receives a first analysis result obtained through the inference of a first artificial neural network for a first medical image, generates a first visualization format, which is a representative visualization format of the first medical image, based on the first analysis result, and visualizes the first medical image and the first analysis result based on the first visualization format.

Abstract: Methods of evaluating viscous compositions are disclosed. These methods may be used to evaluate volumetric properties of fluids including peanut butter. The methods may include preparing a surface for testing by leveling and flattening a viscous composition, placing a drop of a liquid on the flattened leveled surface, evaluating the observed contact angle between the drop and the surface, and then comparing the observed contact angle to a reference contact angle.

Abstract: Disclosed are a weight memory device capable of supporting artificial neural network operation and a weight memory system using the same. A weight memory device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: an input terminal; a common output terminal; and charge storage disposed between the input terminal and the common output terminal, and configured to store charge. In this case, the capacitance between the input terminal and the common output terminal is determined based on the amount of charge stored in the charge storage, and is quantified based on given data to be stored in the weight memory device.

Abstract: An acousto-optic imaging method in which light waves and unfocused acoustic waves having various directions of propagation m are emitted in a medium, by spatially modulating the amplitude of the ultrasonic transducers of an array of transducers according to several periodic spatial amplitude modulations j, and the resulting optical signal Smj(t) is captured. For each direction of propagation m, the signals Smj(t) are spatially demodulated in order to determine a signal Sm(t) used to reconstruct the image of the medium.