Abstract: The present invention relates to anhydrous solutions of MX3-Z LiA in a solvent, wherein M is a lanthanide including lanthanum, or yttrium or indium; z>0; and X and A are independently or both monovalent anions, preferably Cl, Br or I. The solution is readily prepared by dissolving or suspending MX3 or its hydrate and z equiv LiA in water or hydrophilic solvents, or mixtures thereof, removing the solvent under vacuum and dissolving the resulting powder in another solvent. The solution of MX3-Z LiA can advantageously be used e.g. in addition reactions of Grignard reagents to ketones and imines. Even the catalytic use of MX3-Z LiA is possible.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an object-based processor architecture which allows exact pointer identification by strictly separating pointers and data from one another in the memory and in the processor registers. The access to the memory is performed exclusively via pointers which refer to objects. An object contains separate areas for pointers and data and an attribute field for describing the length of the two areas. Both the pointers in the pointer registers and also the pointers in the pointer areas of the objects directly contain the address of the objects to which they refer. The suggested processor architecture allows the integration of automatic garbage collection, which may be implemented completely or partially in hardware. A real-time capable garbage collection may be implemented especially efficiently through hardware support.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for purification of Vaccinia viruses (VV) and/or Vaccinia virus (VV) particles, which can lead to highly pure and stable virus preparations of predominantly biologically active viruses. The invention encompasses purifying a virus preparation in a sterilized way with high efficiency and desirable yield in terms of purity, biological activity and stability, aspects advantageous for industrial production.

Abstract: A method for producing a component from a fibre composite. A number of layers of a dry fibrous material are stacked to form a pile, the pile is covered by a thermoplastic film in a gas-tight manner, the inner space occupied by the pile within the film is pumped dry and the layers are fixed to form a preform that is stable during transport, the preform is reshaped, a liquid thermosetting material is inserted into the inner space by infiltration of the fibrous material, and the preform is hardened with the infiltrated fibrous material to form the finished component, the film binding permanently as the surface. The invention also relates to a component produced in such a way, and to a corresponding preform. The production method provides a process-integrated surface finishing of the fibre composite. The surface properties are created by the bound thermoplastic film.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for determining the presence of an analyte by means of a distribution of small magnetic particles. According to said method, the magnetisations of the small particles are oriented in relation to each other by means of an outer magnetic focusing field; once the focussing field has been terminated, the magnetisations of the small particles are rotated asynchronously to the magnetic field by means of an outer magnetic field of suitable field intensity and rotational frequency, which rotates about a longitudinal axis (z); the temporal course of the superpositioned transverse magnetisation of the set of particles is detected; and the presence of the analyte is deduced from the detected temporal course. The invention also relates to a corresponding device (1).

Abstract: The present invention is related to a method of determining a test compound's ability to modify the biological activity of a GPR17. Said method comprises, among others, the step of contacting the test compound with a GPR17, or a functional GPR17 fragment in the presence of a suitable amount of a GPR17 agonist of formula I.

Abstract: A method for controlling data communication within a network with multiple interconnected network elements includes: generating a representation of the network; detecting changes in the network and updating the representation of the network; receiving a request from a client network element, wherein the request comprises information which identifies a source network element and at least two destination network elements; determining for each identified destination network element, a ranking value for the communication path between the source network element and the respective identified destination network element based on the representation of the network; generating an ordered list of the identified destination network elements based on the respective ranking values; transmitting the ordered list to the client network element from the central network element; and selecting, based on the ordered list, at least one of the identified destination network elements for data communication with the source network el

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for cryopreservation of human spermatozoa: the method comprises providing spermatozoa free from seminal liquid; mixing the spermatozoa with vitrification medium, wherein the main cryoprotectant agent is 0.1-0.3 M sucrose; placing the sample inside straws and rapidly freezing them; refrigerating the straws with no need of liquid N2; and devitrifying the sample in a medium of the present invention. The present invention furthermore discloses a portable kit that makes easy to implement the method, said kit comprising vitrification and devitrification solutions in the volumes required to develop the method and the physical support to carry out the same, i.e. the straws. The use of this kit is also disclosed for the treatment of disorders related to reproductive failures.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a solar cell and to a solar cell which can be produced accordingly. On a solar cell substrate, first a ridged texture, which may for example comprise pyramids produced by alkaline etching, is formed both on a front face and on a rear face of the solar cell substrate. Then an etching barrier layer is applied to the front face of the solar cell substrate. Next the texture on the rear face of, the solar cell substrate is smoothed by etching in an isotropically acting etching solution which for example contains acid, wherein the front face is protected by the etching barrier layer. Thus, ridged structures on the rear face can be avoided and in this way reflection can be increased and surface passivation can be improved, both of which can lead to an increased potential efficiency.

Abstract: There is provided a method of determining a transmission quality when receiving audio signals which are transmitted over a frequency-modulated path in analog form. For that purpose a frequency-modulated audio signal is received and IQ demodulation of the input signal is implemented. The I- and the Q-path of the demodulated baseband signal are subjected to analog/digital conversion. Alternatively the input signal can first be digitized and then subjected to IQ demodulation. A multiplicity of N samples is detected. The amount of the N samples is formed. A reference value is determined from the amount of the N samples. Each of the N samples is standardized to the reference value. A measurement in respect of the fluctuations in the standardized amounts is determined. The measurement in respect of the fluctuations indicates the quality of the transmission path.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for detecting and warning against wrong-way drivers, the method comprising the following steps: a) establishing a radio field over a roadway section to be monitored and at least substantially transversely to a predetermined correct driving direction of the roadway section, the radio field having at least two radio field sections that are spaced apart when viewed in the driving direction and have associated reception field strengths; b) detecting attenuations of the reception field strengths of the radio field sections that occur due to radio shadowing during driving through the roadway section; c) determining the sequence of the radio field sections in which an attenuation of the respectively associated reception field strengths has been detected; d) comparing the determined attenuation sequence with the correct driving direction; and e) initiating at least one warning signal if the attenuation sequence runs opposite to the correct driving direction.

Abstract: A ferroic component is described, comprising a ferroic layer (10) arranged between two electrodes (12,13), a thin-film field-effect transistor (4) whose gate electrode (3) forms one of the two electrodes (12, 13) of the ferroic layer (10) which is joined to the gate electrode (3) via an intermediate layer (11) acting as a bonding agent, and a substrate that is used as a support. In order to obtain a flexible component it is proposed that the thin-film field-effect transistor (4) on the one hand and the ferroic layer (10) which consists of an internally charged cellular polymer on the other hand are applied to the substrate which is arranged as a flexible plastic film (1), optionally by interposing an insulating layer (2) therebetween.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing diamond layers, wherein firstly, in a first growing step, diamond is grown on a growing surface of a off axis or a off-axis heterosubstrate in such a way that a texture width, in particular a polar and/or azimuthal texture width, of a diamond layer produced during the growth decreases with increasing distance from the substrate and then, in a second growing step, diamond is grown in such a way that the texture width of the diamond layer remains substantially constant as the distance from the substrate further increases, and lattice planes of the substrate being inclined by an angle greater than zero with respect to the growing surface.

Abstract: A fluidized-bed reactor system with at least two fluidized-bed reactors, each being a circulating fluidized bed, a particle line with a particle separator for transferring fluidized-bed particles from the first to the second reactor, and a particle line exiting at the lower half of the second reactor for transferring fluidized-bed particles back to the first reactor, wherein, at least in the second reactor, two or more reaction zones separated by one or more flow controllers and that the particle line opens into the second reactor above at least one flow controller.

Abstract: A method for crystallizing a substance dissolved in a solvent, including the following steps: introducing a solvent volume containing the substance into a chamber having a preset temperature, humidity, and gas composition, adding a predetermined volume of a precipitant to the solvent volume containing the substance, allowing the solvent to evaporate while simultaneously observing structural changes in the solvent volume containing the substance and the precipitant by means of dynamic light scattering, detecting weight changes and determining the molarities, making an association with the location in the phase diagram on the basis of the DLS measurement and the results of the molarity determination, allowing a predetermined number of crystal nuclei to form by adding solvent or adding precipitant, putting the solvent volume containing the substance and the precipitant into a metastable state by adding solvent and/or protein solution or by allowing the concentration of the dissolved substance to decrease by allo

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of producing a lipid bilayer over a microcavity open on one side and to a microstructure for investigating lipid bilayers and an associated measuring arrangement. The method of producing a lipid bilayer over a microcavity open on one side comprises the following steps: filling the microcavity with an electrolyte solution; moving a fluid containing dissolved lipids in a first direction onto the microcavity; moving the fluid in a second direction away from the microcavity; monitoring the formation of the lipid bilayer over the microcavity by detecting an impedance between a counter-electrode connected to the fluid and a measuring electrode, which is arranged inside the microcavity.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are described for monocular 3D human pose estimation and tracking, which are able to recover poses of people in realistic street conditions captured using a monocular, potentially moving camera. Embodiments of the present invention provide a three-stage process involving estimating (10, 60, 110) a 3D pose of each of the multiple objects using an output of 2D tracking-by detection (50) and 2D viewpoint estimation (46). The present invention provides a sound Bayesian formulation to address the above problems. The present invention can provide articulated 3D tracking in realistic street conditions. The present invention provides methods and apparatus for people detection and 2D pose estimation combined with a dynamic motion prior. The present invention provides not only 2D pose estimation for people in side views, it goes beyond this by estimating poses in 3D from multiple viewpoints. The estimation of poses is done in monocular images, and does not require stereo images.

Abstract: An engine exhaust gas purification device comprising control unit having successively arranged switching device (1), counter-current heat exchanger (3) and at least one exhaust gas purification component (2). The switching device (1) has a first position where a flow path (6) of the exhaust gas to the exhaust gas purification component (2) is opened and a second position where a flow path (6) of the exhaust gas to the exhaust gas purification component (2) is blocked and the exhaust gas flows along a further flow path (7) where the exhaust gas is heated and conveyed, via a flow path (20) of the exhaust gas purification component (2), and exits the exhaust gas purification unit (5) through outlet channels (4) of the counter-current heat exchanger (3). The switching device, the exhaust gas purification component, the counter-current heat exchanger and the flow paths are integrated in a compact exhaust gas treatment unit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and devices for the modelling tendinous tissue into a desired shape. The shaped tissue produced by the methods of the present invention is useful in any field relating to biological tissue, particularly in the field of medicine, most preferred in surgery, for intraoperative use or pre- or peri-operative preparation of the tissue.

Abstract: A detector and a method for the detection of ionising radiation are proposed. The detector (1) exhibits a detector body (2) made from a semiconductor material in which incident ionising radiation generates free electron-hole pairs, a cathode side (4) of the detector body (2) to which the free holes generated drift in an electric field, an anode side (3) of the detector body (2) to which the free electrons generated drift in an electric field, at least two electrodes (5, 6) on the anode side (3) and at least two electrodes (7, 8) on the cathode side (4). There is a potential difference between the electrodes (5, 6, 7, 8). The potential difference between the individual electrodes (7, 8) on the cathode side (4) is smaller than the potential difference between each of the electrodes (5, 6) on the anode side (3) on the one hand and each of the electrodes (7, 8) on the cathode side (4) on the other hand.