Abstract: Cytotoxic ?? T cells form an essential component in immunity to infections and tumors, and are also implicated in host defense against these challenges. The present disclosure demonstrates the ability of activated ?? T cells to cross-present exogenous antigens to CD8+ ?? T cells, a process previously thought to be mediated best by dendritic cells. In particular, the present disclosure provides a method for cross-presentation of antigen derived from tumor cell or microbial organisms such as viruses, bacteria, yeasts, parasites, and the like, or from cells infected with such organisms, to a CD8+ ?? T cell. Still further, the present disclosure provides a method for treatment of a tumor or a chronic or recurrent infectious disease, comprising delivering an antigen-presenting autologous ?? T cell population above into a patient requiring such treatment. Still yet further, a method is described for preparing a peptide-specific effector T cell.

Abstract: The invention relates to at least one molecular target for healing or treating wounds and, in particular chronic, human wounds. The molecular target is nWASP or a protein 50% homolgous therewith and which retains the same activity as nWASP protein, such as WASP. Further, the invention concerns a novel therapeutic for treating said wounds and a novel gene therapy approach, involving said molecular target, for treating said wounds.

Abstract: A compound for use in the treatment or prophylaxis of viral infections such, for example as chicken pox or shingles caused by the Varicella Zoster virus, said compound having the general formula (II): wherein X is O, S, NH or CH2, Y is O, S or NH, Z is O, S or CH2, R1 is C1-6 alkyl, preferably n-alkyl, e.g., n-pentyl or n-hexyl, and one of R2 and R3 is OH, and the other of R3 and R2 is a neutral, non-polar amino acid moiety, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or hydrate thereof. Said neutral, non-polar amino acid moiety R2 or R3 may be (IV): in which R4, R5, R6 and R7 are each independently H or C1-2 alkyl. In preferred embodiments, one of R2 or R3 is valine, leucine, isoleucine or alanine, particularly valine.

Abstract: Described herein are nitrated lipids and methods of making and using the nitrated lipids.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel variants that associate with Alzheimer's disease AD and their use in kits as a means for diagnosing AD; and also their use in nucleic acid molecules or cells/cell lines for identifying novel therapeutic, label of identification means.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an article using stereolithography in which the article includes at least one feature that defines an isolated volume is described. The method includes the step of forming one or more removable structures within said isolated volume from cured resin during the stereolithography process. The removable structures restrict the flow of liquid resin within said isolated volume.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the preparation of efficient antigen-presenting human ?? T cells, to the ?? T cells prepared by such a method, and to their use in immunotherapy, vaccination, vaccine development and diagnostics. Similar to dendritic cells (DCs) in potency and efficacy, these human ?? T cells process antigens and present antigenic peptides to ?? T cells and induce antigen-specific responses (proliferation and differentiation) in naïve ?? T cells. ?? T cells are easily purified from peripheral blood, acquire “maturation” status (expression of essential adhesion, co-stimulatory and major histocompatibility complex molecules) within 1 day of in vitro culture under stimulation and induce strong primary and secondary T helper cell and cytotoxic T cell responses. The ?? T cells may be used in a method of treatment of tumors or chronic or recurrent infectious diseases, in identification of novel tumor or pathogen-derived antigens, and in the diagnosis of the immune competence of a patient.

Abstract: The objective of the current invention is the control of agricultural infestations based on alternative methods that are less aggressive to the environment and that are harmless to other invertebrates and to man; for instance biological control using bacterial strains belonging to species of the genera Bacillus, Brevibacillus and/or Paenibacillus. A first embodiment of the invention refers to compositions based on the systemic utilization of bacterial strains belonging to species of the genera Bacillus, Brevibacillus and/or Paenibacillus to protect plants by using the composition containing the above referred bacteria in wild-type, conjugated, mutant or transgenic forms and/or the substances produced by them. A second embodiment of the invention refers to a method of bioinsecticide application based on bacteria from the genera Bacillus, Brevibacillus and/or Paenibacillus.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pH sensor for use in a catheter drainage system. The invention also relates to a catheter, drainage bag or connection unit comprising the pH sensor of the present invention, methods of using the pH sensor and methods of making the pH sensor.

Abstract: Provided are antimicrobial agents produced from Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) bacteria, in particular from bacteria which comprise a cluster of polyketide synthesis genes. Also provided is use of the antimicrobial agents in the treatment of disease. Further provided are methods for producing antimicrobials, methods for detecting antimicrobial producing bacterial strains and kits for use in the methods.

Abstract: There is provided a cell culture microtrench being defined on or in a surface of a substrate, wherein the ratio of the width of the microtrench to the maximum length of the short axis of a cell type of interest is about 6 or preferably less, the length of the short axis of the cell type being measured when a cell is in detached or suspended form. There is also provided an array comprising such a microtrench and uses of such microtrenches, including cell-based assays.

Abstract: An electrical insulator comprises an elongate shank and one or more sheds disposed along the length of the shank. The surface of the insulator comprises longitudinally extending flutes, the depth of which are varied along the length of the insulator such that the circumferential distance of all transverse sections along the length of the insulator is substantially constant or controlled. Instead of flutes, the surface may be formed with an array of protuberances and/or concavities. The insulator thus provides a defined perimeter and surface area along its length, such that areas of the surface are not preferentially heated by surface currents to form dry bands and thereby cause arcing. Such topography also renders the insulator less susceptible to the degrading effects of surface pollution.

Abstract: An apparatus for the biological treatment of saltwater-based domestic wastewater, the apparatus having an inlet for the introduction of the saltwater-based domestic wastewater, an outlet for the removal of treated wastewater, means for monitoring the salinity level of the saltwater-based domestic wastewater entering or within the apparatus and means for controlling the salinity level of the saltwater-based domestic wastewater entering or within the apparatus such that fluctuations in the salinity level of the saltwater-based domestic wastewater are reduced and the biological treatment of the saltwater-based domestic wastewater is thereby maintained.

Abstract: A screening method for identifying an individual having a pre-disposition towards having a cancer is disclosed, which screening method comprises the steps of: (a) obtaining a test sample comprising a nucleotide sequence comprised in the MYH gene of the individual or an amino acid sequence of a polypeptide expressed thereby; and (b) comparing a region of the test sample sequence with the corresponding region of the wild type sequence, whereby a difference between the test sample sequence and the wild type sequence signifies that the individual is pre-disposed to having the cancer; and wherein the difference comprises a specified variation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to detectors for detecting fluorine-containing compounds and/or cyanide containing compounds, including hydrogen fluoride (HF) or HCN gas, hydrofluoric acid in solution, selected chemical warfare agents, selected industrial chemicals which may be hydrolysed to release HF or HCN gas, compounds containing a cyanide group, and compounds that can release HF or HCN. The detectors comprise i) an organometallic component containing at least one bis-substituted boryl group of the formula —B(RB)(RB+) wherein each RB and each RB? is independently selected from H, halogen, C1-6 alkyl, OR6, N(R6)(R7), SR6, C3-20 aryl or heteroaryl, and C3-20 cycloalkyl or heterocycloalkyl groups, each of which may be optionally substituted, ii) a Lewis base component, and iii) a solid matrix component.

Abstract: A nucleoside analogue compound is provided which has a six-membered aromatic ring system, the aromatic ring system being substituted in the para position with an unbranched unsubstituted alkyl or alkoxy moiety, wherein the alkyl or alkoxy moiety, in total, has from 3 to 8 carbon atoms. This compound shows anti-vira1 activity, for example with respect to varicella zoster virus and can thus be used in therapeutic methods for the prophylaxis and treatment of viral infections such as varicella zoster virus.

Abstract: Disclosed are screening methods and sequences related thereto. Disclosed are methods for detecting mutations in the MYH gene of an individual. Also disclosed are methods of genotyping and methods of predicting for an individual the likelihood of developing certain cancers, such as colorectal cancer.

Abstract: An apparatus for characterising a subject's visual response, comprising a data processor, a display and an input device, wherein the data processor is arranged to present evaluation images at different positions on the display such that they occur at different positions within the subject's field of view, and wherein each evaluation image comprises a contribution of at least two items selected from a list comprising: a base image, a test image, and a noise image, and wherein the data processor is responsive to the input device such that the subject can indicate whether they can see the test image in the evaluation image, and the data processor is further arranged to evaluate the subject's responses so as to give an indication of one or more of visual efficiency, internal noise and visual sensitivity as a function of position within the subjects field of view.

Abstract: A method of determining a signal input to a transducer from the signal output from the transducer, the method comprising receiving as input at a processing means the signal output from the transducer, processing the signal output from the transducer in dependance upon a value for the linear gain coefficient of the transducer and a value for the quadratic nonlinear coefficient of the transducer, to determine the signal input to the transducer.

Abstract: The invention relates to materials and methods for evaluating the prognosis of a patient presenting with chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CLL) and for CLL therapy.