Abstract: Provided are a multi-level converter having more than one converter arm in which a plurality of sub-modules are connected in series, multi-level converter comprising, a first bypass circuit connected in parallel to at least one sub-module included in more than one converter arm on a first side and including a first switching device, a second bypass circuit connected in parallel to more than one converter arm on a second side and including a diode, a second switching device included in more than one converter arm and having a first end connected in series to at least one sub-module and a second end connected to a first end of first bypass circuit at a single node and a third switching device included in more than one converter arm and having a first end connected in series to at least one sub-module and a second end connected to a first end of second bypass circuit at a single node.

Abstract: According to example embodiments, a metallic glass includes aluminum (Al), a first element group, and a second element group. The first element group includes at least one of a transition metal and a rare earth element. The second element group includes at least one of an alkaline metal, an alkaline-earth metal, a semi-metal, and a non-metal. The second element group and aluminum have an electronegativity difference of greater than or equal to about 0.25. The second element group is included less than or equal to about 3 at % of the metallic glass, based on the total amount of the aluminum (Al), the first element group, and the second element group. A conductive paste and/or an electrode of an electronic device may be formed using the metallic glass.

Abstract: Provided is a method of forming a transition metal chalcogenide thin-film and the method includes preparing a first substrate having formed thereon a transition metal-containing precursor thin-film; displacing a second substrate separately with a constant distance from the first substrate by using a bridge unit while the second substrate is facing the first substrate, thereby securing a gas flowing path between the first substrate and the second substrate; heating the first and second substrates to a reaction temperature; and introducing a chalcogen-containing gas from an end of a reactor, such that the chalcogen-containing gas flows via the path.

Abstract: A method of patterning a block copolymer layer, the method including: providing a substrate with a guide pattern formed on a surface thereof; forming a block copolymer layer on the substrate with the guide pattern, the block copolymer layer including a block copolymer; and directing self-assembly of the block copolymer on the substrate according to the guide pattern to form n/2 discrete domains, wherein the guide pattern includes a block copolymer patterning area having a 90-degree bending portion, and an outer apex and an inner apex of the 90-degree bending portion are each rounded, the outer apex having a first curvature radius r1, and the inner apex having a second curvature radius r2, respectively, and the width of the patterning area W, the first curvature radius r1 and the second curvature radius r2, satisfy Inequation 1: 2 + 2 - ( 1 + 2 ) [ ( n + 2 ) 2 n ? ( n + 1 ) ] 1 3 ? r 1 - r 2 W ? 2 + 2 - ( 1 + 2 ) [ ( n - 2 ) 2 n ? ( n - 1 )

Abstract: A method of forming an oxide semiconductor device may be provided. In the method, a substrate comprising a first major surface and a second major surface that faces away from the first major surface may be provided. An oxide semiconductor device may be formed over the first major surface to provide an intermediate device, and the semiconductor device may comprise an oxide active layer. The intermediate device may be subjected to ultraviolet (UV) light (e.g., ultraviolet ray irradiation process) for a first period, and subjected to heat (e.g., thermal treatment process) for a second period. The first and second periods may at least partly overlap.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods, apparatuses, and systems for encoding and decoding an image. The present invention provides an intra prediction unit that receives an input image, calculates a correlation between a Luma area block and Chroma area block in the input image in intra prediction, removes high frequency ingredients by low-pass filtering an encoded luma pixel based on the calculated correlation, and generates a prediction block by applying an LM chroma mode, which is an extended chroma mode technique, to the luma pixel removed therefrom the high frequency ingredients.

Abstract: Disclosed are a collimator and an inspecting system using the same. According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a collimator for setting a radiation irradiation range, the collimator comprising: a shielding portion blocking the radiation; and a block portion comprising a plurality of unit pieces which can be opened or closed to selectively transmit the radiation.

Abstract: A sample plate in use with a MALDI-TOF (matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight) mass spectrometer. The sample plate is usable for the mass spectrometry of a polymeric material on the order of several hundreds of Da and a method of manufacturing the same sample plate. The sample plate including a target plate, an organic matrix formed on one surface of the target plate, and a Parylene thin film formed on the target plate on which the organic matrix is formed, the Parylene thin film entirely covering the organic matrix.

Abstract: Disclosed are a collimator and an inspecting system using the same. According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a collimator for setting a radiation irradiation range, the collimator comprising: a shielding portion blocking the radiation; and a block portion comprising a plurality of unit pieces which can be opened or closed to selectively transmit the radiation.

Abstract: Provided are a positron emission tomography (PET)-radiofrequency ablation (RFA) complex medical device and a treatment method using the same. According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a positron emission tomography (PET)-radiofrequency ablation (RFA) complex medical device comprising: a PET module which obtains, in real time, a location of a target to be treated by scanning a patient; and an RFA module which remotely treats the target using heat by focusing the heat on the location of the target.

Abstract: According to example embodiments, a metallic glass includes aluminum (Al), a first element group, and a second element group. The first element group includes at least one of a transition metal and a rare earth element. The second element group includes at least one of an alkaline metal, an alkaline-earth metal, a semi-metal, and a non-metal. The second element group and aluminum have an electronegativity difference of greater than or equal to about 0.25. The second element group is included less than or equal to about 3 at % of the metallic glass, based on the total amount of the aluminum (Al), the first element group, and the second element group. A conductive paste and/or an electrode of an electronic device may be formed using the metallic glass.

Abstract: A catalyst for reforming hydrocarbons may include a nickel nanoparticle having a controlled crystal facet, the controlled crystal facet being a surface of the nickel nanoparticle and including a {100} face, a {111} face, or a combination thereof. The present disclosure also relates to a production method thereof and a method of reforming hydrocarbons using the same.

Abstract: Phosphor film, and light emitting device and system using the same are provided. The light emitting device comprises a package body, a light emitting element disposed on the package body to generate first light, one or more first quantum dot phosphor layers formed above the light emitting element to perform wavelength conversion of the first light and generate second light, and one or more second quantum dot phosphor layers formed above the light emitting element so as not to overlap with the first quantum dot phosphor layers to perform wavelength conversion of the first light and generate third light different from the second light.

Abstract: A method of patterning a block copolymer layer, the method including: providing a substrate with a guide pattern formed on a surface thereof; forming a block copolymer layer on the substrate with the guide pattern, the block copolymer layer including a block copolymer; and directing self-assembly of the block copolymer on the substrate according to the guide pattern to form n/2 discrete domains, wherein the guide pattern includes a block copolymer patterning area having a 90-degree bending portion, and an outer apex and an inner apex of the 90-degree bending portion are each rounded, the outer apex having a first curvature radius r1and the inner apex having a second curvature radius r2, respectively, and the width of the patterning area W, the first curvature radius r1 and the second curvature radius r2, satisfy Inequation 1: 2 + 2 - ( 1 + 2 ) [ ( n + 2 ) 2 n ? ( n + 1 ) ] 1 3 ? r 1 - r 2 W ? 2 + 2 - ( 1 + 2 ) [ ( n - 2 ) 2 n ? ( n - 1 ) ]