Abstract: An apparatus for and method of eliminating single event upsets (or SEU) in combinational logic are used to prevent error propagation as a result of cosmic particle strikes to the combinational logic. The apparatus preferably includes a combinational logic block electrically coupled to a delay element, a latch and an output buffer. In operation, a signal from the combinational logic is electrically coupled to a first input of the latch. In addition, the signal is routed through the delay element to produce a delayed signal. The delayed signal is routed to a second input of the latch. The latch used in the apparatus for preventing SEU preferably includes latch outputs and a feature that the latch outputs will not change state unless both latch inputs are correct. For example, the latch outputs may not change state unless both latch inputs have the same logical state. When a cosmic particle strikes the combinational logic, a transient disturbance with a predetermined length may appear in the signal.

Abstract: Compounds termed “vitaletheine modulators” which include beta-alanyl-taurine and carbobenzoxy beta-alanyl-taurine are synthesized and added to culture media for in vitro culture of cells such as mammalian or plant cells. The compounds support cell vitality, and provide increased cellular life span, increased cellular bioproductivity, improved cellular function, and adaption of resistant cells to culturing. The compounds further delay senescence, optimize growth and maturation, and increase population doublings.

Abstract: An apparatus for drawing and supplying multiple samples for rapid processing in flow cytometry. The apparatus comprises a reciprocating valve and at least one syringe. The invention is also a method for rapidly processing multiple samples in flow cytometry using the apparatus.

Abstract: The invention provides HARDS virus rDNA for expression in molecular clones. The expressed products are useful in immunodiagnostics, prophylactics, and therapeutics for the HARDS virus and related hantaviruses. Of particular interest are a type-specific epitope of the HARDS virus G1 protein, and dominant epitopes of the HARDS virus N protein cross-reactive with antibodies to the HARDS virus and the related hantavirus PHV, both expressed by cDNA clones according to the invention.

Abstract: Cyclic peptides inhibit LFA-1 interaction with ICAM-1 and are useful in treatment of hematopoietic neoplasms and in adjunct therapy in prevention of retinoic acid syndrome and diseases involving emigration of leukocytes into organ tissue.

Abstract: A set of tropodegradable chemical additives to decrease the flammability of normally flammable refrigerants, foam blowing agents, cleaning solvents, aerosol propellants, and sterilants is disclosed. The additives are characterized by high efficiency and short atmospheric lifetimes. The latter property is essential and results in a low ozone depletion potential (ODP) and a low global warming potential (GWP). The additives are bromine-containing alkenes, bromine-containing alcohols, bromine-containing ethers with at least one hydrogen atom (preferably adjacent to the oxygen atom), bromine-containing amines with at least one hydrogen atom (preferably adjacent to the nitrogen atom), bromine-containing carbonyl compounds, bromine-containing aromatics, and/or bromine-containing non-fluorinated alkanes.

Abstract: The invention relates to transgenic mammals characterized by 5-HT3 receptor over-expression in the central nervous system (CNS) . The mammals have particular utility as models for studying the role of 5-HT3 receptors in the CNS, especially for the study of reward pathways for alcohol and other substances of abuse.

Abstract: The present invention provides a syringe device comprising: a first syringe comprising: a first syringe barrel including a first opening at a distal end thereof through which fluid may be forced or aspirated; and a first syringe plunger sliding within the first syringe barrel for forcing fluid through the first syringe barrel opening, the first syringe plunger including a stopper at a distal end thereof which sealingly and slidably engages the first syringe barrel; a reciprocating member which moves along a track parallel to the axial direction of the first syringe; and a reciprocating device connecting the first syringe plunger to the reciprocating member so that when one member of the group consisting of the first syringe plunger and the reciprocating member moves distally, the other member of the group is forced to move proximally.

Abstract: &bgr;-alethine is employed in the differentiation, phenotypic expression, and vitalization of cells, for both in vivo and in vitro applications. Particular applications include the use of &bgr;-alethine in the treatment of immune disorders and diseases, and in the promotion of cell cultures.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for non-invasively measuring the concentration of an analyte, particularly blood analyte in blood. The method utilizes spectrographic techniques in conjunction with equilibrating the concentration of the analyte between the vascular system fluid compartment of the test area and the other tissue fluid compartment. An improved optical interface between a sensor probe and a skin surface or tissue surface of the body containing the blood to be analyzed. Multiple readings during the equilibration period are taken and utilized to show the direction and rate of charge of concentration of the analyte in the blood which is useful in optimizing therapeutic response to the collected data.

Abstract: The system converts output signals from the conventional circuit into input signals configured for the ULP circuit. This system preferably scales down the output signals from the conventional circuit to allow the ULP circuit to receive these signals as corresponding input signals without damaging the ULP circuit. Further, the system also converts output signals from the ULP circuit into input signals configured for the conventional circuit. This system preferably increases the voltage level and voltage swing of the output signals from the ULP circuit to be compatible as corresponding input signals for the conventional circuit. The system is a circuit formed in a semiconductor substrate having improved immunity to total ionizing dose radiation. By back-biasing the n-type material and the p-type material, the effective threshold voltages of the transistors both drawn and parasitic are preferably dynamically tuned.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to electro-optically active waveguide segments, and more particularly to the use of a selective voltage input to control the phase, frequency and/or amplitude of a propagating wave in the waveguide. Particular device structures and methods of manufacturing are described herein.

Abstract: The invention focuses on a glutamine containing oral replacement solution for endurance exercise and rehydration. The solution uniquely combines the specific amino acid glutamine with a carbohydrate such as maltodextrin and sodium to enhance absorption of the other components and replace glutamine depletion in worked muscles as well as other areas of the body.

Abstract: The invention provides segments of HSV-1 and HSV-2 glycoprotein B which include antigenic epitopes in the gB amino-proximal region that react with human antibodies in a type-specific manner, and epitopes in the gB carboxy-proximal region that cross-react with HSV-1 and HSV-2 antibodies.

Abstract: The present invention is a disposable element for assaying food samples and a method for using the element. The disposable element includes a container having first, second, and third ports, a prefilter disposed in the container, an immuno-sorbent layer having antibodies to a target microbe affixed thereto, the immuno-sorbent layer also being disposed in the container, and an electrode in contact with the immuno-sorbent layer. The prefilter and immuno-sorbent layers are positioned in the container such that a sample introduced into the first port passes through the prefilter and the immuno-sorbent layer when a pressure differential is created between the first and third ports. In addition, liquid entering the second port passes through the immuno-sorbent layer, but not the prefilter, when a pressure differential is created between the second and third ports. The prefilter preferably has a pore size between 10 and 30 microns.

Abstract: A laser communication system includes a first laser to generate a laser signal with femtosecond pulses. A first grating spectrally disperses the femtosecond pulses of the laser signal. A modulator converts the femtosecond pulses of the laser signal into coded words. A second grating spectrally recombines the coded words of the laser signal. A first telescope launches the laser signal. A second telescope receives the laser signal. A second laser generates a set of reference pulses. A non-linear crystal combines the set of reference pulses and the laser signal so as to create an output signal only when the laser signal and the reference pulses temporally coincide. A detector records the output.

Abstract: The present invention provides a coupler device that can be adhered by suction to an examination object to facilitate observation. The present invention also provides a method for observing an examination object comprising the steps of placing a coupler device in contact with an examination object, applying suction to adhere the coupler device to the examination object, and observing the examination object.

Abstract: An electrically written memory element utilizing the motion of protons within a dielectric layer surrounded by layers on either side to confine the protons within the dielectric layer with electrode means attached to the surrounding layers to change the spatial position of the protons within the dielectric layer. The device is preferably constructed as a silicon-silicon dioxide-silicon layered structure with the protons being introduced to the structure laterally through the exposed edges of the silicon dioxide layer during a high temperature anneal in an atmosphere containing hydrogen gas. The device operates at low power, is preferably nonvolatile, is radiation tolerant, and is compatible with convention silicon MOS processing for integration with other microelectronic elements on the same silicon substrate. With the addition of an optically active layer, the memory element becomes an electrically written, optically read optical memory element.

Abstract: The present invention provides an SEU immune solution which minimizes the disadvantages of the increased weight and size of prior art SEU immune circuits. In the present invention, the SEU immune solution can comprise two portions. First, a control portion can be comprised of SEU tolerant electronics as described in the prior art. A processor comprises the second portion and is preferably not SEU immune. The present invention makes it unnecessary for both portions of the circuit to be comprised of SEU tolerant logic in order for the output of the present invention to be SEU tolerant. In particular, the present invention is especially well suited for outer space travel since the present invention will not be upset by SEUs and retains a small package size and light weight.

Abstract: An apparatus dedicated to taking diagnostic quality images to confirm the accuracy of radiotherapy treatments. The apparatus is sufficiently compact to be used in the existing treatment heads of linear accelerators capable of delivering both electron and x-ray radiation. A compact electron drift tube is made long enough to penetrate the substantial shielding of a linear accelerator, thereby obviating the need to locate the entire generating device within the head of the machine. The diameter of the drift tube of the present invention is made small enough to penetrate the shielding without causing undue leakage of radiation.