Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to solve a problem included in the onion routing which is used as a confidential communication method, that if a system down occurs in a computer within a communication route, connection is not made to further components at all, or a problem that the system and the traffic become slow by using multiplexed encryption. It is a communication method in which a client of an information providing source encrypts random numbers and calculates its hash value using respective public keys of an information server to which it connects, a function server of a destination to be sent, and an information server to which the function server connects, respective servers decrypt the encrypted random number using their own secret keys to compare the random number with the hash value, and thus, the client determines whether or not the route is related to the client.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing ceramics includes: placing, on a base material, a first slurry in which a metal oxide powder is dispersed; applying a magnetic field to the first slurry to solidify the first slurry, thereby forming an under coat layer made of a first compact; placing, on the under coat layer, a second slurry containing a metal oxide powder constituting the ceramics; applying a magnetic field to the second slurry to solidify the second slurry, thereby forming a second compact to obtain a laminated body of the second compact and the under coat layer; and obtaining the ceramics made of the second compact by removing the under coat layer from the laminated body of the second compact and the under coat layer and then sintering the second compact, or sintering the laminated body of the second compact and the under coat layer and then removing the under coat layer.

Abstract: Provided is a piezoelectric material having good piezoelectric properties and a Curie temperature (Tc) of 150° C. or higher, and a piezoelectric device using the piezoelectric material. The piezoelectric material includes a sintered body made of a perovskite-type metal oxide represented by the following general formula (1): xBi(Mg1/2Ti1/2)O3-(1-x)BaTiO3 (1), where x satisfies 0.17?x?0.8, in which an average grain size of grains contained in the sintered body is 0.5 ?m or larger to 10 ?m or smaller, and the sintered body is polycrystalline. In addition, the piezoelectric device includes a piezoelectric material and a pair of electrodes disposed in contact with the piezoelectric material, in which the piezoelectric material is the above-mentioned piezoelectric material.

Abstract: There are provided: a proton transporting material that improves mechanical characteristics of a sulfonated liquid crystalline polymer material, can be kept as a membrane even though it is made a solid state while maintaining a molecular arrangement of a liquid crystalline state, and is suitable for electrolyte membranes of fuel cells etc.; an ion exchange membrane, a membrane electrolyte assembly (MEA), and a fuel cell that use the proton transporting material; a starting material for the proton transporting material. The proton transporting material has a molecular structure produced by crosslinking the sulfonated liquid crystalline polymer material with a crosslinking agent having two or more functional groups in sites except that of the sulfonic acid group.

Abstract: A first trocar as an medical apparatus includes an insertion hole having a projection opening for leading out a biopsy forceps into a body of a subject, a lid body for blocking the projection opening of the insertion hole, and a cooling sheet for cryogenically cooling a biopsy portion arranged in the vicinity of the lid body in a state where the biopsy forceps is stored in the insertion hole, and is capable of easily harvesting a living tissue while retaining morphological change of tissues in a living body under various hemodynamics.

Abstract: Provided is a piezoelectric material having good piezoelectric properties and a Curie temperature (Tc) of 150° C. or higher, and a piezoelectric device using the piezoelectric material. The piezoelectric material includes a sintered body made of a perovskite-type metal oxide represented by the following general formula (1): xBi(Mg1/2Ti1/2)O3-(1-x)BaTiO3??(1), where x satisfies 0.17?x?0.8, in which an average grain size of grains contained in the sintered body is 0.5 ?m or larger to 10 ?m or smaller, and the sintered body is polycrystalline. In addition, the piezoelectric device includes a piezoelectric material and a pair of electrodes disposed in contact with the piezoelectric material, in which the piezoelectric material is the above-mentioned piezoelectric material.

Abstract: By detecting an antibody which immunologically reacts with amylase ?2-A in a sample, AIP or FT1DM is examined or the possibility of developing FT1DM is determined. For instance, detection of this antibody is carried out by an immunological method using an antigen which immunologically reacts with this antibody. The antigen is preferably a partial fragment containing the amino acid sequence of amino acid numbers 299 to 511 of human amylase ?2-A (SEQ ID NO: 1).

Abstract: An ionization apparatus comprises a first electrode provided on the outer periphery of a dielectric cylindrical body and a second cylindrical electrode placed inside at a center of the cylindrical body. When an AC high voltage is impressed across the first electrode and the second cylindrical electrode, a barrier discharge occurs within the cylindrical body. A distal end portion of the second cylindrical electrode projects outwardly from the distal end of the cylindrical body, a thermal equilibrium plasma P having a low electron temperature is generated outwardly from the distal end of the cylindrical body without a plasma jet ascribable to the barrier discharge emerging outwardly from the distal end of the cylindrical body. By exposing a sample S to the thermal equilibrium plasma P, particles (atoms, molecules) desorbed from the sample S undergo soft ionization without being decomposed or polymerized.

Abstract: An actuator 10 includes a main body 14 having a displacement unit 11 and electrodes 12 and 13 configured to apply a voltage to the displacement unit 11, the displacement unit being made of a mixture of a silicone-containing elastomer and an ionic liquid, and being displaced by applying a voltage between the electrodes; and a displacement transmission unit 15 configured to be displaced in an out-of-plane direction by displacement of the displacement unit 11.

Abstract: There is provided an actuator including a displacement unit made of a mixture of a silicone-containing elastomer and an ionic liquid; and multiple electrodes provided to apply an electric field to a part or whole of the displacement unit. Here, the displacement unit is deformed by applying a voltage between the multiple electrodes.

Abstract: The invention resides in enabling biodegradable filament of polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid and the like to manufacture biodegradable micro-filament by simple and convenient means without needing special, high-accuracy and high-level apparatus; it is characterized in that highly molecular oriented micro-filament those of 12 ?m or less and generally from 2 ?m to 3 ?m can be obtained by heating biodegradable filament by infrared beam and the heated original filament is drawn to 100 times or more by tension of 10 MPa or less.

Abstract: Provided is a new catalyst capable of removing carbon monoxide economically without adding particular reaction gas externally. Also provided are a process for producing and an apparatus using such a catalyst. Impregnation of a Ni—Al composite oxide precursor of a nonstoichiometric composition prepared by the solution-spray plasma technique with a ruthenium salt to be supported and performing reduction treatment allows CO methanation reaction to selectively proceed even in the high-temperature range in which CO2 methanation reaction and reverse water-gas-shift reaction proceed preferentially with conventional catalysts. Selective CO methanation reaction occurs reproducibly with another Ni—Al composite oxide precursor or an additive metallic species.

Abstract: To provide a piezoelectric ceramic containing BiFeO3 having a {110} plane orientation in a pseudo-cubic form, which is suited for the domain engineering, the piezoelectric ceramic includes a perovskite-type metal oxide represented by the following general formula (1), and has a {110} plane orientation in a pseudo-cubic form: xBiFeO3-(1-x)ABO3??General Formula (1) where A and B each represent one kind or more of metal ions; A represents a metal ion having a valence of 1, 2 or 3; and B represents a metal ion having a valence of 3, 4, or 5, provided that x is within a range of 0.3?x?1.

Abstract: Provided is an oriented piezoelectric material with satisfactory sintering property free of Pb that is a hazardous substance, and a water-soluble alkaline ion, and a production method therefor. To this end, provided is a compound, including a tungsten bronze structure metal oxide, in which: the tungsten bronze structure metal oxide contains at least metal elements of Ba, Bi, Ca, and Nb, the metal elements satisfying the following conditions in terms of molar ratio; and has a C-axis orientation. The compound shows Ba/Nb=a: 0.363<a<0.399, Bi/Nb=b: 0.0110<b<0.0650, and Ca/Nb=c: 0.005<c<0.105. The tungsten bronze structure metal oxide preferably includes (1?x)·Ca1.4Ba3.6Nb10O30?x·Ba4Bi0.67Nb10O30 (0.30?x?0.95).

Abstract: The presence of hydrogen peroxide vapor is detected with high sensitivity. Oxygen molecules in the air are ionized by electrons generated by a discharge plasma, thereby producing an oxygen molecule negative ion O2?. The oxygen molecule negative ion O2? produced is supplied to a space in which a hydrogen peroxide molecule H2O2 is to be detected. If a hydrogen peroxide molecule H2O2 is present, a cluster ion O2?(H2O2) of the oxygen molecule negative ion O2? and hydrogen peroxide molecule H2O2 is produced. The hydrogen peroxide molecule H2O2, therefore, can be detected by mass spectrometry. Other gas-phase negative ions such as chloride ion Cl? can be used besides the oxygen molecule negative ion O2?.

Abstract: The objective of the present invention is to enable a microfilament that is a nanofilament to be manufactured continuously and consistently from all thermoplastic polymers without requiring a specialized high precision•high performance apparatus and also to present the nanofilament manufactured as described. The present invention comprises a microfilament in a nanofilament region and the manufacturing means thereof wherein a original filament transferred using a filament transfer means is supplied to an orifice under pressure P1 and is heated and drawn using an infrared light beam directly under the orifice under pressure P2 (P1>P2).

Abstract: A biological sample solution is ionized by electrospray and the sample solution is irradiated with an infrared laser beam to dissociate biological macromolecules into the constituents thereof. As a result, only non-covalent bonds of the biological macromolecules can be selectively severed and analyzed.

Abstract: Provided is a device of a high-frequency resonator using Lamb wave type elastic wave having excellent frequency temperature characteristics, the device having a significantly small frequency change, and including an interdigital transducer for generating at least one Lamb wave type elastic wave, or the interdigital transducer and a reflector, arranged on a quartz substrate. The cut angle of the quartz substrate and a propagation direction of the Lamb wave type elastic wave expressed in Euler angles (?, ?, ?) satisfy any one of following expressions (Expressions 1 to 3): ?=90°, ?=17° to 21° or ?=159° to 163°, ?=0° to 10°??(Expression 1) ?=210°, ?=17° to 21° or ?=159° to 163°, ?=0° to 10°??(Expression 2) ?=330°, ?=17° to 21° or ?=159° to 163°, ?=0° to 10°.

Abstract: Provided is a manufacturing method for preferentially-oriented oxide ceramics having a high degree of crystal orientation. The manufacturing method includes: obtaining slurry containing an oxide crystal B having magnetic anisotropy; applying a magnetic field to the oxide crystal B, and obtaining a compact of the oxide crystal B; and subjecting the compact to oxidation treatment to obtain preferentially-oriented oxide ceramics including a compact of an oxide crystal C having a crystal system that is different from a crystal system of one of a part and a whole of the oxide crystal B. By (1) reacting raw materials, (2) reducing the oxide crystal A, or (3) keeping the oxide crystal A at high temperature and quenching the oxide crystal A, the oxide crystal B is obtained to be used in the slurry.

Abstract: A novel microorganism which can be expected to have both a preventive effect and a therapeutic effect and may be applied to various phytopathogenic bacteria, and whose effects are not reduced even when used in combination with a chemical pesticide, and a plant disease control agent using the microorganism are provided. A Bacillus subtilis strain KS1 (NITE BP-569) which is a novel microorganism and a plant disease control agent including the culture and/or the microorganism bacterial cell of the microorganism as an active ingredient are provided.