Abstract: Provided are a method for separating mammalian sperm, by which even a large amount of sperm can be separated in a short time and decrease in motility of the separated sperm can be prevented; and an artificial insemination method, and an in vitro fertilization method. The method for separating mammalian sperm includes incubating the sperm in a medium containing a TLR7 ligand, and separating them into sperm floating in the upper layer and sperm sinking in the lower layer of the medium. The artificial insemination and in vitro fertilization methods include artificial insemination or in vitro fertilization for a non-human mammal using sperm of the non-human mammal separated by the method for separating mammalian sperm.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems and methods for sliding mode control enabled hybrid energy storage. In a specific embodiment, the system can include: a photovoltaic power generation unit; a hybrid energy storage system, where the hybrid storage system can include a battery, a supercapacitor, where the supercapacitor provides excess power demand based on different loading conditions, and a rate limiter; a sliding mode controller, where the slide mode controller controls a current in a hybrid energy storage system; a supercapacitor charging control; and a proportional integral controller. In a specific embodiment, the method can include: decoupling an average and transient hybrid energy storage system current with a single rate limiter, where the decoupling includes a battery discharge rate; regulating a battery current with a first sliding mode controller; and regulating a supercapacitor current with a second sliding mode controller, where a supercapacitor provides excess power demand.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are therapeutic applications of CRISPR/Cpf1-based genome editing.

Abstract: A gas measurement apparatus includes an optical resonator that resonates light, a light source that generates light for irradiation of the optical resonator, and a photodetector that detects light taken out of the optical resonator. The optical resonator includes a plurality of mirrors, a holding member, a hollow tubular member, a hollow tubular member, and a temperature adjustment instrument. The holding member is lower in thermal expansion coefficient than the hollow tubular member. The hollow tubular member includes a portion higher in thermal conductivity than the holding member and a bellows higher in elasticity than a first portion. The hollow tubular member is equal to or higher than the hollow tubular member in thermal conductivity, and is provided as far as positions of the plurality of mirrors on an inner side of the bellows.

Abstract: An enhanced capture structure is disclosed, including a sorbent structure having a CO2 sorbent material. The capture structure also includes a plurality of barriers extending outward from the sorbent structure, each sized and positioned such that as an airflow passes along the sorbent structure, a high pressure region forms proximate the sorbent structure on a first side of the barrier facing into the airflow and a low pressure region forms proximate the sorbent structure on a second side of the barrier facing away from the airflow. The barriers on one side of the sorbent structure are staggered with respect to barriers on the other side such that a plurality of high and low pressure regions are formed, each high pressure region being formed opposite a low pressure region on the other side of the structure, creating a pressure differential that promotes CO2 mass transfer into the sorbent material via convection.

Abstract: A ballbar testing tune-up method for machine tool includes the steps of letting a machine tool system execute a ballbar test; obtaining a phase characteristic and a peak-value characteristic; creating a Lagrange interpolation polynomial and inputting a servo controller parameter, a phase characteristic and a peak-value characteristic of the machine tool system each time when executing the ballbar test, and obtaining a proposed servo parameter. This method is simple and easy without incurring additional equipment costs, but just using existing equipment to find the proposed servo parameter quickly and input it into a machine tool system, so as to improve the response issue of a servo system and reduce manufacturing contour error to enhance the working precision of the machine tool system.

Abstract: A method of estimating in-cylinder pressure includes receiving a vibration signal from a vibration sensor mounted proximate a compression ignition (CI) engine, receiving angular position information for the CI engine, and determining in-cylinder pressure based on the angular position information and on a combustion component of the vibration signal.

Abstract: An evaluation method for ecological performance of an asphalt-related material is provided. Firstly, working condition parameters are determined for evaluating the ecological performance of the asphalt-related material; secondly, based on the working condition parameters, a simulation test is performed on emission of asphalt-related pollutants during a preparation stage of the asphalt-related material; finally, based on a result of the simulation test, a quantitative evaluation of the ecological performance of the asphalt-related material is performed under different environmental impacts. The evaluation method is a laboratory scale simulation method based on measured pollutant emissions and various environmental impact factors, ultimately achieving laboratory scale ecological performance evaluation of the asphalt-related material, which has important reference value for green material selection of asphalt pavement.

Abstract: A vehicle having a road surface recognition apparatus, may perform obtaining, by a controller, sound data for a sound detected by a sound detector while driving; obtaining, by the controller, driving data for driving information detected by a driving information detector; recognizing, by the controller, a type of road surface based on the obtained sound data and the obtained driving data; and controlling, by the controller, a traction control system based on information related to the recognized type of the road surface.

Abstract: A deep learning model based method for forecasting online ride-hailing short-term demand is provided. The deep learning model based method includes S1: collecting online ride-hailing demand data in a large transportation hub, and preprocessing original data, to form a data set; S2: performing time series decomposition, specifically, decomposing time series data processed in S1 through a variational modal decomposition (VMD) method, to obtain the certain number of intrinsic mode functions; S3: forecasting a decomposed model by means of a deep learning model Transformer; S4: performing sub-series integration, specifically, accumulating forecast results in S3, to obtain an integrated forecast result; and S5: performing forecast error correction, specifically, correcting a forecast error by using a time series forecast model, that is, an autoregressive integrated moving average model (ARIMA).

Abstract: Improved methods and systems for the electrochemical exfoliation of carbonaceous particles to provide graphene are provided. In some aspects, systems according to the present technology may include a plurality of electrodes that may, for example, have an aspect ratio greater than about 3:1. Additionally, a continuous and optionally closed-loop electrochemical exfoliation system may be used. Embodiments of the present technology can achieve graphene yields well in excess of 50% in a more cost- and operationally efficient manner.

Abstract: Chemical composition of a component fabricated using high energy density input based three-dimensional additive manufacturing is in-situ monitored in real time. Laser Energy Assisted Breakdown Spectroscopy (LEABS) is coupled with a rapid physics-informed peak identification algorithm (RPIPIA) to monitor the atomic composition of component material (metallic, intermetallic, ceramic and metallic or ceramic matrix composites) in pseudo-real time during its fabrication using high energy density (laser, ion beam, gas plasma, electric resistance/discharge, gas torch) input (HEDI) based additive manufacturing.

Abstract: An Oncidium plant extract and methods for treating diabetes mellitus, liver protection and preventing acute respiratory distress syndrome thereof are provided, the steps for extracting the Oncidium plant extract include taking an Oncidium plant sample, drying and grinding the sample to obtain a ground Oncidium plant sample, and then extracting the ground Oncidium plant sample in a solvent by an accelerated solvent extraction or an ultrasonic extraction to obtain an Oncidium plant extract.

Abstract: Provided herein are compounds of Formulae (I) and (II), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, hydrates, polymorphs, co-crystals, tautomers, stereoisomers, isotopically labeled derivatives, and prodrugs thereof. Also provided are methods, uses, and kits involving the disclosed compounds and pharmaceutical compositions thereof for treating and/or preventing a disease (e.g., a metabolic disorder (e.g., obesity, diabetes), a hypoxia related disease (e.g., a proliferative disease, inflammatory disease, neuromuscular disorder, neurodegenerative disorder, hypoxia, ischemia, oxidative stress, or a mitochondrial DNA related disorder), or a disease resulting from rhodoquinone depletion (e.g., a proliferative disease, inflammatory disease, neuromuscular disorder, metabolic disorder, or neurodegenerative disorder)) in a subject.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to the unexpected discovery that agents capable of inhibiting calcium channels, such as calcium channel blockers, are effective in treating or alleviating the symptoms of myotonic disorders. In patients who have been diagnosed with the condition, the methods of this disclosure can, e.g., reverse or inhibit the worsening of symptoms related to such condition and/or prevent development of new symptoms.

Abstract: A method for forming hollow silica spheres by dissolving a hydrolyzable aryl silane in an aqueous solution of water and an acid to form a hydrolyzed silane solution, mixing the hydrolyzed silane solution with a hydroxide base to form a precipitate, and calcining the precipitate in a multi-stage calcination procedure that includes (a) heating to a first temperature of 180 to 240° C. with a first ramp rate of 3 to 10° C./min and holding the first temperature for 2 minutes to 2 hours, then (b) heating to a second temperature of 600 to 740° C. at a second ramp rate of 0.1 to 4° C./min, and holding the second temperature for 2 to 24 hours.

Abstract: A processor-implemented method includes receiving data for performing a neural network operation of homomorphic encrypted data and a parameter for generating an approximate polynomial corresponding to the neural network operation, obtaining layer information corresponding to each of a plurality of layers configuring a neural network based on the data, determining layer importance corresponding to each of the plurality of layers, based on the parameter and the layer information, generating an approximate polynomial approximating the neural network operation for each of the plurality of layers, based on the layer importance, and generating an operation result by performing the neural network operation based on the approximate polynomial.

Abstract: Carbon nanofiber doped alumina (Al-CNF) supported MoCo catalysts in hydrodesulfurization (HDS), and/or boron doping, e.g., up to 5 wt % of total catalyst weight, can improve catalytic efficiency. Al-CNF-supported MoCo catalysts, (Al-CNF-MoCo), can reduce the sulfur concentration in fuel, esp. liquid fuel, to below the required limit in a 6 h reaction time. Thus, Al-CNF-MoCo has a higher catalytic activity than Al—MoCo, which may be explained by higher mesoporous surface area and better dispersion of MoCo metals on the AlCNF support relative to alumina support. The BET surface area of Al—MoCo may be 75% less than Al-CNF-MoCo, e.g., 166 vs. 200 m2/g. SEM images indicate that the catalyst nanoparticles can be evenly distributed on the surface of the CNF. The surface area of the AlMoCoB 5% may be 206 m2/g, which is higher than AlMoCoB 0% and AlMoCoB 2%, and AlMoCoB 5% has the highest HDS activity, removing more than 98% sulfur and below allowed levels.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods for monitoring effectiveness of a treatment of an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) by analyzing an ASD patient's gut microbiota based on stool samples. Also provided are software for implementing the methods, and kits for performing the methods.

Abstract: Exemplary systems, methods and computer-accessible medium according to exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure can be used to implement a zero-copy data-coherent shared-memory IPC data exchange mechanism. The exemplary procedures, systems, computer accessible medium and/or methods can operate standalone or in combination with underlaying IPC tools. When combined with underlying tools, the exemplary systems, methods and computer-accessible medium does not need to implement the same IPC tool standard. The exemplary procedures, system and/or methods can implement an IPC tool in its entirety, or partially, and it can add functionality to existing IPC tools. The exemplary procedures, system and/or methods can implement a shared memory buffer mechanism, where both a sender process and a receiver process use the same shared memory space.