Abstract: Optical inks suitable for 3D printing fabrication of gradient refractive index (GRIN) optical components are composed a monomer matrix material doped with ligand-functionalized nanoparticles, wherein the monomer has a viscosity less than 20 cPoise and is UV curable to form a solid polymer. The matrix material doped with the ligand-functionalized nanoparticles has a transmittance of at least 90% in a predetermined optical wavelength range, wherein the ligand functionalized nanoparticles have a size less than 100 nm, are loaded in the monomer matrix material at a volume percent of at least 2%, and alter an index of refraction of the monomer matrix by at least 0.02. The ligand-functionalized nanoparticles have a plurality of ligands attached to a nanoparticle core surface with an anchor functional group and terminated with a buoy functional group that are reactive, non-reactive, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments the ligands have a length less than 1.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a 3-dimensional variable refractive-index optical-element with surface figure, the method comprising: depositing a plurality of nanocomposite-inks comprising an organic-matrix with a nanoparticle filler dispersed within, and at least partially curing a portion of the nanocomposite-ink to form a nanocomposite slab that is at least semi-solid; transferring the nanocomposite slab to a press, the press having a die mold with at least a first surface figure; and actuating the press to compress the nanocomposite slab and impart the die mold's first surface figure onto the nanocomposite slab to form a nanocomposite optical-element.

Abstract: A method of inkjet printing a gradient dielectric element in a deposition and photo-polymerization process. The method comprises: providing a plurality of complex-dielectric-inks that are inkjet printable including a nanocomposite-ink with an organic-matrix and a nanoparticle filler dispersed within. The plurality of complex-dielectric-inks have a first complex-dielectric-ink having a first photoinitiator and a second complex-dielectric-ink with a second photoinitiator. The first and second complex-dielectric-ink have different wavelength selective photo-polymerization absorption bands such that spectrally discrete exposure results in different degrees of polymerization of the first and second complex-dielectric-ink.

Abstract: Methods of manufacturing a volumetric continuous gradient complex dielectric element with drop-on-demand techniques, such as inkjet printing, by calculating spatial placement of nanocomposite-ink droplets are disclosed. The methods comprise determining or having a multi-dimensional gradient profile representing a volumetric gradient complex dielectric element. Providing or having a plurality of nanocomposite-inks, at least one of the nanocomposite-inks having a curable organic-matrix and a concentration of nanoparticles dispersed within to print the volumetric continuous gradient complex dielectric device. A print mask is determined in one-, two-, or three-dimensions that reconstructs the multi-dimensional gradient profile as a discretized pattern based on the material properties of the plurality of nanocomposite-inks and properties of a printing apparatus with a plurality of printheads.

Abstract: A nanocomposite-ink refractive gradient optic with variable focus optic comprising a first optical-element, a second optical-element, each the optical-elements comprised of a cured nanocomposite-ink wherein the first and second optical-element have a cubic volumetric gradient complex optical index such that when arranged in tandem along an optical axis the optical power varies based on linear translation with respect to another.

Abstract: An optical-dispersion corrected optical-element, the optical-element comprising a first nanocomposite-ink, the first nanocomposite-ink comprising nanofillers dispersed in a cured organic-matrix, a second nanocomposite-ink, the second nanocomposite-ink comprising the nanofillers dispersed in a the cured organic-matrix, optical-dispersion of the second nanocomposite-ink different than optical-dispersion of the first nanocomposite-ink, wherein the distribution of the first nanocomposite-ink and the second nanocomposite-ink result in optical-dispersion refractive-gradients, where the refractive-gradients correct chromatic aberration.

Abstract: Optical inks suitable for 3D printing fabrication of gradient refractive index (GRIN) optical components are composed a monomer matrix material doped with ligand-functionalized nanoparticles, wherein the monomer has a viscosity less than 20 cPoise and is UV curable to form a solid polymer. The matrix material doped with the ligand-functionalized nanoparticles has a transmittance of at least 90% in a predetermined optical wavelength range, wherein the ligand functionalized nanoparticles have a size less than 100 nm, are loaded in the monomer matrix material at a volume percent of at least 2%, and alter an index of refraction of the monomer matrix by at least 0.02. The ligand-functionalized nanoparticles have a plurality of ligands attached to a nanoparticle core surface with an anchor functional group and terminated with a buoy functional group that are reactive, non-reactive, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments the ligands have a length less than 1.

Abstract: Methods of manufacturing a volumetric continuous gradient complex dielectric element with drop-on-demand techniques, such as inkjet printing, by calculating spatial placement of nanocomposite-ink droplets are disclosed. The methods comprise determining or having a multi-dimensional gradient profile representing a volumetric gradient complex dielectric element. Providing or having a plurality of nanocomposite-inks, at least one of the nanocomposite-inks having a curable organic-matrix and a concentration of nanoparticles dispersed within to print the volumetric continuous gradient complex dielectric device. A print mask is determined in one-, two-, or three-dimensions that reconstructs the multi-dimensional gradient profile as a discretized pattern based on the material properties of the plurality of nanocomposite-inks and properties of a printing apparatus.

Abstract: A composite quantum-dot photodetector comprising a substrate with a colloidally deposited thin film structure forming a photosensitive region, the thin film containing at least one type of a nanocrystal quantum-dot, whereby the nanocrystal quantum dots are spaced by ligands to form a lattice, and the lattice of the quantum dots has an infill material that forms an inorganic matrix that isolates the nanocrystal quantum dots from atmospheric exposure.

Abstract: A nonlinear nanocomposite optical-element comprising a nanocomposite comprising one or more optically nonlinear (NLO) nanofillers dispersed in a cured organic-matrix. The NLO nanofillers have a high ?(3) susceptibility relative to a linear nanofiller. The distribution of the NLO nanofiller has a nanofiller gradient that changes based on optical radiation intensity.

Abstract: An aerial fluid delivery system comprises a dispenser, a loiter-line, and an aircraft. The dispenser capable of releasing controlled amounts of a fluid. The loiter-line connected to the dispenser and connected to an aircraft, wherein the aircraft can maneuver the dispenser via the loiter-line such that the dispenser is positioned for accurate fluid delivery to a target. The dispenser fluid can be an aerosol, a dispersion, optical taggants, or powder based.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a composite quantum-dot photodetector formed by alternatively dipping a substrate into a colloidal solution containing at least one type of a quantum dot, thereby forming a monolayer of the quantum dots and then dipping the substrate with the monolayer of the quantum dots into a ligand spacing solution to build a film of the quantum dots and then alternatively exposing the film of the quantum dots to a vapor and an infill material.

Abstract: An apparatus for depositing nanocomposite material comprising a nanocomposite-ink factory and inkjet printer. The nanocomposite-ink factory producing nanocomposite-ink and the inkjet printer receiving the nanocomposite-ink. The inkjet printer having a printhead and a positioning mechanism. The printhead having one or more nozzles to dispense nanocomposite-ink droplets.

Abstract: Optical inks suitable for 3D printing fabrication of gradient refractive index (GRIN) optical components are composed of a monomer matrix material [100] in which ligand-functionalized nanoparticles [102] are well dispersed at more than 2% loading to induce a change in the index of refraction of the matrix of at least 0.02. The ligands are less than 1.2 nm in length and are covalently bonded to both the nanoparticles and the monomer matrix. The nanoparticles are less than 100 nm in size and the doped matrix material has a transmittance of at least 90% at wavelengths of interest. The matrix material has less than 20 cPoise viscosity and is UV crosslinkable to form a cured polymer.

Abstract: An apparatus for depositing nanocomposite material comprising a nanocomposite-ink factory and inkjet printer. The nanocomposite-ink factory producing nanocomposite-ink and the inkjet printer receiving the nanocomposite-ink. The inkjet printer having a printhead and a positioning mechanism. The printhead having one or more nozzles to dispense nanocomposite-ink droplets.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a multi-material functional article, the method comprising the steps of providing a design module from a database, the design module encoded with physical characteristics, material needs, additive manufacturing equipment required, and performance outputs required for modeling a multi-material functional article, allowing a user access to the design module to integrate the design module into a functional article design, having the design module interface with available additive manufacturing equipment and allowing the user to print the multi-material functional article.

Abstract: A methods to manufacture optics and optical subsystems. In one aspect, a method to manufacture an optical-element in accordance with the present invention comprises the steps of: Printing at least a part of a mold with an additive manufacturing printer. Optically figuring the mold to the specifications of the desired optical-element. Printing a nanocomposite-ink into the mold. Selectively, curing the nanocomposite-ink. Repeating at least the steps of deposition of the nanocomposite-ink and selective curing, until the mold is sufficiently filled and cured. Optionally, releasing the optical-element from the mold.