Abstract: Reaction products of a microgel that contains carboxylic acid groups with a nitrogen-containing base have a high latency and high stability towards mechanical influences and are suitable as hardeners for one-component epoxy resin systems.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a high voltage liquid-filled transformer including a housing and a dielectric liquid impregnated barrier material within the housing. The barrier material is prepared from an expandable epoxy resin formulation comprising: (i) at least one polyglycidyl compound; (ii) at least one curing agent for the polyglycidyl compound; and (iii) at least one blowing agent. An additional aspect of the present invention is a novel barrier component for a liquid-filled transformer. The present invention also relates to a method for manufacturing the novel barrier component. The present invention also relates to a method of manufacturing the transformer.

Abstract: A powder coating hardener based on epoxide compounds having a molecular weight of no more than 1500, which is solid at room temperature, the epoxide compounds consisting of 60 to 100% by weight of diglycidyl 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylate in the form of the pure trans-isomer or of a cis/-trans-isomer mixture having a melting point (peak maximum of the DSC scan at a heating rate of 10° per minute) of above 70° C., and of 0 to 40% by weight of other epoxide compounds, and wherein 0 to 15% by weight of the entire amount of epoxide compounds can contain aromatic structural elements in the molecule. The powder coating hardeners give powder coatings based on poly(meth)acrylic resins having free carboxyl groups, which have good flow even at low temperatures.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound according to formula (1) wherein n is 0, 2, 4 or 6 and a, b and c are, independently of one another, 1 or 0. R1-1a, R1-1b and R1-1c are hydrogen, a hydrocarbyl containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms which are alkyl, aryl, alkylene, arylalkyl or alkylaryl or a hydrocarbyl containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms and at least one heteroatom which can be oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen. R2-1a, R3-1a, R4-1a, R5-1a, R2-1b, R3-1b, R4-1b, R5-1b, R2-1c, R3-1c, R4-1c and R5-1c hydrogen or C1-C4alkyl. R6-1a, R7-1a, R6-1b, R7-1b, R6-1c and R7-1c are C1-C4akyl. A is an aromatic or alicyclic ring having 5 to 7 carbon atoms. The present invention further relates to a Mannich base reaction product obtained by combining an extract from cashew nutshell liquid with at least one aromatic or alicylic polyamine and at least one aldehyde compound, epoxy resin compositions and curable formulations containing the same, and methods for using such compositions.

Abstract: A curable composition is described, comprising a) 10 to 90% by weight of at least one, optionally water-dilutable, water-emulsifiable or water-dispersible, epoxy resin having more than one epoxy group in the molecule; b) 90 to 10% by weight of at least one polyamine adduct which predominantly corresponds to the idealised formula (I) and which is prepared from an adduct of formula (A) and a polyamine of formula (XII), wherein the sum of the percentages by weight of components (a) and (b) is always 100%; c) optionally, at least one further aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic/aliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic mono- or polyamine which may optionally be modified by adduction; and d) optionally, at least one customary additive, R1 and R2 and also m and n and B being defined in more detail in the description. The novel compositions are used for the preparation of colourants and coatings.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel aromatic cyanate ester compounds containing at least two rings linked by a group containing an unsaturated group. The present invention further relates to compositions and prepolymers of said novel aromatic cyanate ester compounds. The present invention further relates to a process for preparing said compounds and cured articles resulting from curable mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Paint or coating compositions are stabilized by spiroindane compounds of the following formula wherein the numbered radicals R have he meanings given in claim 1, and optionally phosphite stabilizers and phenolic antioxidants.

Abstract: Organophilic phyllosilicates which have been prepared by treating a naturally occurring or synthetic phyllosilicate, or a mixture of such silicates, with a salt of a quaternary or other cyclic amidine compound, or with a mixture of such salts; polymeric systems, in particular thermoplastic polymers and thermosetting polymer systems, preferably epoxy resins, polyurethanes and rubbers, which comprise novel organophilic phyllosilicates, and also shapable moulding materials and finished mouldings in the form of composite materials, in particular in the form of nanocomposites.

Abstract: A composition, which comprises (a) a compound containing at least one epoxy group in inner position per molecule, obtained by epoxidation of a natural unsaturated oil or of its derivative; (b) an epoxy compound selected from the group consisting of glycidyl ethers, glycidyl esters and cycloaliphatic epoxides; (c) a polycarboxylic acid anhydride; (d) a compound of formula I, I, III or IV or an acid adduct of a compound of formula I, II, III or IV  wherein R1 to R4 are each independently of one another hydrogen; C1-C18alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more than one hydroxyl group amino group, halogen atom, cyano group, C1-C6alkoxy group or C1-C6cyanalkoxy group; C5-C14aryl, C6-C24aralkyl, C3-C14heteroaryl or C4-C14heteroaralkyl which are unsubstituted or substituted by one or more than one C1-C6alkyl group, C1-C6alkoxy group or halogen atom,  n is an integer from 1 to 3, and  R5 and R6 are each independently of the other C1-C6alkyl or, together with the

Abstract: Core/shell particles comprising a core comprising an elastomer having a TG value of <0° C., onto which a shell of a crosslinked copolymer is grafted, where the proportion of the crosslinking component in the copolymer of the shell is from 5 to 90% by weight, based on the total amount of the comonomers of the shell copolymer, are suitable as toughening agents for epoxy resins, with which they have good compatibility.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for fractionating organic circuit board manufacture process solutions by means of at least one very fine filtration step. In the process of the present invention, the dissolved substances present in the process solutions are separated, for example by ultrafiltration, from the organic process solvent, e.g., ethyidiglycol, to permit their respective reuse. The process of the present invention advantageously provides for considerable savings in terms of costs of material and energy and also for a considerable reduction in or even complete avoidance of waste.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of three-dimensional articles by stereolithography using a radiation-curable composition containing a mixture of at least one cationically polymerizable compound and/or at least one free radical polymerizable compound, at least one filler material, at least one photoinitiator for cationic and/or radical polymerizations and at least one antisedimentation agent. An organic viscosity stabilizer material soluble in the base resin may optionally be brought into contact with the composition. A filler material can be introduced in the composition in an effective amount sufficient to at least delay or prevent a significant viscosity increase. The present invention also relates to cured articles resulting from said processes and a process for preparing said compositions.

Abstract: Curable mixtures comprising a) an epoxy resin having more than one 1,2-epoxy group per molecule and b) as curing catalyst, an imidazole compound of formula I wherein R1, R2 and R3 are each independently of the others a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, alkyl having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, alkoxy having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, unsubstituted or halo-, nitro-, C1-4alkyl- or C1-4alkoxy-substituted aralkyl having from 7 to 20 carbon atoms, or unsubstituted or halo-, nitro-, C1-4alkyl- or C1-4alkoxy-substituted aryl having from 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and R4 is alkyl having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, alkenyl having from 2 to 20 carbon atoms, alkynyl having from 2 to 20 carbon atoms, unsubstituted or halo-, nitro-, C1-4alkyl- or C1-4alkoxy-substituted aralkyl having from 7 to 20 carbon atoms or unsubstituted or halo-, nitro-, C1-4alkyl- or C1-4alkoxy-substituted aryl having from 6 to 20 carbon atoms, are suitable for the manufacture of moulding compounds and coatings, especially for the manufac

Abstract: In an apparatus for transporting thin boards, in particular coated printed circuit boards, comprising rows of spaced-apart grippers (2) which lie opposite one another and are arranged on a rod (3), in order to prevent the thin boards from sagging when transported, tension is applied to a rod (3), at least on one side of the printed circuit board (1), by an elastic device (15, 20), in order to tension the printed circuit board which has been gripped.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a polyglycidyl compound having on average more than two, preferably more than two and a half, particularly preferably more than three, glycidyl groups per molecule and a Tg value (determined by DSC, heating rate=20° C./min) higher than 20° C.

Abstract: A moulding powder which is curable with the application of heat and pressure, comprising a mechanical mixture consisting of: a) a powdered epoxy compound containing on average more than one epoxy group in the molecule and having a softening point of above 60.degree. C., b) a powdered aliphatic or N-heterocyclic amine or a powdered amino group-containing adduct based on an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic or N-heterocyclic amine containing on average more than one amino group in the molecule and having a melting point or softening point of above 60.degree. C. and, optionally, c) customary additives for moulding powders, the particles of a) and b) being smaller than 200 .mu.m, is excellently suited for the preparation of coatings on heat-sensitive substrates and is used in particular in powder coating.

Abstract: An apparatus for coating board-shaped articles, especially printed circuit boards, is described which comprises at least one coating station having a pouring table for coating one surface of the printed circuit boards with preferably UV-hardenable plastics, lacquer or the like, and, adjoining that station, a vapor-removal and drying station having a vapor-removal drier for the removal of vapor from and drying of the coated surfaces of the printed circuit boards in the stream of hot air. The vapor-removal and drying station has an air processing module which is arranged in a housing which adjoins the entrance side of the housing of the vapor-removal drier and extends over the free space above the pouring table.

Abstract: The present invention relates to stereolithographic compositions containing an actinic radiation-curable and cationically polymerizable organic substance, a cationic initiator, a radical photoinitiator, and at least one cationic reactive modifier containing at least two reactive groups per molecule or at least one polyether polyol or mixtures thereof. The cationic reactive modifier has at least one chain extension segment with a molecular weight of at least about 100 and not more than about 2,000. The polyether polyol has a molecular weight greater than or equal to about 4,000. The use of the cationically reactive modifiers and polyether polyol modifiers substantially increases the flexibility and toughness of the cured articles without compromising photospeed, accuracy and wetting-recoatability of the compositions. The present invention further relates to a method of producing a cured product, particularly three-dimensional shaped articles by treating the composition described above with actinic radiation.

Abstract: Soluble poly(bis-9,9'-fluorenes) comprise identical or different structural repeating units of the formula I, ##STR1## where the two R.sub.1 s are, independently of one another, H, C.sub.1-C.sub.18 alkyl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.14 aryl, C.sub.7 -C.sub.15 aralkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 alkoxy, R.sub.2 --(O--C.sub.n H.sub.2n).sub.m --O--, C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 alkylthio, C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 dialkylamino, --C(O)OH, --C(O)O-C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 alkyl, --C(O)--N(C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 alkyl).sub.2, --SO.sub.3 H, --SO.sub.3 -C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 alkyl, --SO.sub.2 --N(C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 alkyl).sub.2, C.sub.1 -C.sub.17 -alkyl-C(O)--O-- or C.sub.1 -C.sub.17 alkyl-C(O)--, R.sub.2 is H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl, n is from 2 to 6 and m is from 1 to 12.The polymers can be used either alone or in admixture with at least one additional fluorophore whose absorption band overlaps the emission band (fluorescent emission) of the polymer of the formula I as active radiative layer for light-emitting diodes, VDUs and display elements.