Abstract: In a linear motor having a rotor and a stator, the rotor comprises two rotor elements which can be clamped in the stator by means of clamping elements as a function in each case of a signal which is fed and which are connected by at least one piezoelectric element (actuator element) by which the distance apart of the rotor elements can be varied as a function of a control signal which is fed. By the application of an electric voltage there takes place in each case an expansion of the clamping elements transverse to the direction of movement and an expansion of the actuator element in the direction of movement. One particularly advantageous embodiment resides in the fact that the rotor is developed in a flat shape and that the rotor elements contain the clamping elements in a frame-like holder, at least one side of the frame-like holder being movable with respect to the other sides.

Abstract: A valve arrangement for regulating the idling speed of internal combustion engines by controlling the quantity of air on the intake side of an intake manifold 1 leading to the internal combustion engine. The valve arrangement has an electromechanical control member which has a solenoid 7 by which a closure member 4 can be moved, via a control element, in opposition to the force of a return spring 8. The closure member 4 is movable relative to the control element between a position of rest and an operating position and, in the position of rest, is in a well-defined partially open position of the valve passage.

Abstract: In an injection valve for fuel-injection systems for internal combustion engines, the closure member opens in the direction towards the combustion chamber. It has an outer surface which widens towards the combustion chamber. Above the closure member, a swirl chamber is provided in the housing of the injection valve, fuel continuously rotating in said swirl chamber as a result of a continuously open return-flow connection to a valve outlet.

Abstract: A display device for the displaying of two measured values on a graduated dial 1 which has two scales 4 and 5 arranged concentrically to each other. Two pointers 6 and 7 are turnable around pointer shafts 8 and 9 which are coaxial to each other and each of which is associated with a separate scale 5 and 6, each pointer 6 and 7 being adapted to be driven in rotation by separate measurement mechanisms 13 and 14 respectively. The measurement mechanisms 13 and 14 are arranged coaxially to each other on opposite sides of the graduated dial 1 and the ends of the pointer shafts which carry the pointers 6 and 7 face each other.

Abstract: The valve member (4) of a bypass valve (2) of a device for regulating the idling of an internal combustion engine is provided, for pressure equalization, with a back-pressure chamber (8) which is in communication via a pressure-equalization connection (9) with the pressure-inlet side of the bypass valve (2). This pressure-equalization connection (9) debouches as close as possible to the narrowest point of the gap between the valve member (4) and the valve seat (7) in the housing (1) of the bypass valve (2).

Abstract: An electric testing device is provided for the final testing of vehicle combination instruments. The vehicle combination instruments comprise display means (1-7) consisting of segments, a display control in a microcomputer (8) for activating the segments as a function of measured values, for analog measured values an analog-digital converter (14) arranged in front of the display control, and possibly an input network (13) arranged in front of said converter. The testing device and combination instruments are intended for final testing in a plurality of final test phases. Tolerance values of a critical display value are stored for each measurement value in the microcomputer (8). These tolerance values can be compared, in a first final test phase of a manually actuatable final-test operating mode, with a simulated measurement value which is fed into the microcomputer via the analog-digital converter and possibly the resistance network.

Abstract: An electrically actuatable fuel-injection valve for internal combustion engines has a piezoelectric hollow-cylindrical radial vibrator (11) within the wall (30) of which a number of continuous fuel-receiving chambers (12, 12') are arranged parallel and concentric to a longitudinal axis (19) of the radial vibrator. Each of the chambers (12, 12') is in communication at one open end with a fuel feed path and at its other open end has an ejection opening in the form of a bore (27, 27'). A passage line (passage bore 29) for a stream of air which conducts at least a part of the stream of intake air is conducted through the radial vibrator (11) concentrically to the longitudinal axis of the radial vibrator. The passage line terminates, open, approximately at the level of the injection openings.

Abstract: The invention covers a liquid-crystal cell having two transparent substrates 1 and 2 arranged at a distance from each other and forming between them a cell space 3 which is filled with liquid-crystal substance 8. Polarizers 5 are arranged on the sides of said substrates facing away from each other while electrodes 6 and 7 are arranged on the sides thereof facing each other. A substrate-side boundary surface of the cell space 3, along which surface the liquid-crystal surface 8 borders, is formed with a plurality of depressions 12 which substantially adjoin each other and, cover the entire boundary surface. Each depression 12 has places of different depth distributed over the extent of its surface, these depths producing light colors which correspond to the total thickness of the liquid-crystal layer 8 present at the respective places. The light colors have at least substantially the entire color spectrum in the region of the surface of a depression 12.

Abstract: In a fuel-injection valve, a holding member which bears a plug as atomizing and metering element is inserted in a valve bore. A replaceable diaphragm makes it possible to adjust the precise discharge quantity of the fuel-injection valve by replacement of said diaphragm.

Abstract: A display device, particularly a liquid crystal display, has spacing elements (10) arranged uniformly distributed between two parallel support plates (1, 2). These spacing elements (2) bear a layer of adhesive (11) and are bonded to both support plates (1, 2), precisely in the same way as the spacing frame (4) is. In this way, the support plates (1, 2) do not bulge toward the outside.In the manufacture of the display device, the spacing frame (4) is first applied onto a support plate (2) followed then by the spacing elements (10). After the second spacing plate (1) has been placed on top, the parts are bonded together under pressure and temperature.

Abstract: In a system for controlling a drive unit, particularly a boat drive unit, which comprises an internal combustion engine and a reversible gearing, with an operating member for adjusting the power and the direction of rotation, the operating member (1) feeds electric signals corresponding to the power and the direction of turning to a control device (5) which contains a microcomputer (6). Actuators (11, 12) for the power of the internal combustion engine and the switching of the reversible gearing respectively are connected to the control device (5). The control device (5) is developed in such a manner that switching of the reversible gearing is only possible when the speed of rotation of the internal combustion engine lies below a predetermined value.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a motor for driving a clockwork. A rotatably supported rotor 1 has diametrically opposite permanent-magnet poles. A multi-phase coil arrangement is furthermore present to produce a magnetic field which deflects the rotor 1 out of its instantaneous position as a function of control signals present in each case on the coils 3 and 4 of the coil arrangement.The coil arrangement has a plurality of coils 3 and 4 arranged at an equiangular distance apart, surrounding the rotor 1, which coils can be controlled one after the other by sine voltages which are staggered a given angle apart.

Abstract: The invention concerns a multiplexable liquid crystal cell having two substrates 1 and 3 spaced apart from each other. Between them a cell chamber filled with liquid-crystal substance is formed. Strip electrodes 2 are arranged on the substrate 1 and picture electrodes 4 are arranged on the substrate 3. The picture electrodes 4 are connected via metal-insulator-metal elements to data lines 5 which are also arranged on the substrate 3, the insulator being arranged on a side surface 12 of the picture electrode 4 and a connecting contact leads from the side of the insulator facing away from the picture electrode to the data line 5. A conductive layer 6 is arranged which covers the region of the edge of the picture electrode 4 and the region adjacent to it of the substrate 3, said layer consisting of a conductive material which is oxidized on its free surface, forming an oxidation layer.

Abstract: A temperature switch has an expansion element which consists of a metal alloy in which a martensitic structural transformation takes place within its working region, the phases concerned, austenite and martensite, having ordered lattice structures and the slightest possible difference in form. The expansion element preferably has the shape of a coil compression spring (7) which rests at one end against a bottom surface (9) of the housing (1) of the temperature switch and at the other end against a ram (4). This ram (4) serves to actuate a snap-switch mechanism (3) by which a switch contact (5) can be switched for movement against a fixed contact (6) or away from it.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid crystal display for the displaying of characters and symbols, having a liquid crystal cell 1 and polarizers 8 and 10, one arranged on the viewing side and one arranged on the rear side of the liquid crystal cell 1. Furthermore, a reflector 9 is arranged behind the rear polarizer 8. A surface of the viewing-side polarizer 10 is inclined to the plane of the liquid crystal cell 1. The surface of the viewing-side polarizer facing the liquid crystal cell 1 serves as a deflection surface 15 for light incident thereon approximately transversely to the plane of the liquid crystal cell 1.

Abstract: In a method for producing a pulsed setting voltage (v). said voltage is pulse-duration modulated with an electric control variable. The setting voltage serves to act on a setting drive having an inductance, particularly an electric motor setting drive (9) of a throttle valve (11) of an internal combustion engine. In order to obtain at the same time good periodic excitation of the setting drive as well as a low electric loss power in the setting drive, the setting voltage which is pulsed with a high clock frequency (f.sub.0) is pulse-duration modulated with a low fundamental-modulation frequency (f.sub.m) as well as a control variable.

Abstract: A pole terminal is formed as an intermediate piece and has toward the bottom a clamping piece for fastening to a conventional battery pole and toward the top a pole body to which a conventional battery terminal can be fastened. In the pole terminal there are a Hall element and an evaluation electronics so that the current flow through the pole body can be measured.

Abstract: The device is provided in an intake pipe 9 in connection with a throttle valve 2 which is displaceable by a gas pedal 7 and acted against by a return spring 8. To this throttle valve there is connected a rotary element 9 on which there is developed at least one rotary stop 10 which limits an angular range of the idling aspiration regulation. The rotary element is coupled to an actuator 16. The throttle valve 2 serves as closure member which determines the idling air throughput. A swingably mounted regulating lever 5 is connected to the gas pedal 7 and the return spring 8, by which the lever can be moved back against a fixed regulating lever stop 12. The rotary element 9 to which the throttle valve is fastened is carried along by the regulating lever 5 as a result of actuation of the gas pedal only when the regulating lever rests against the rotary stop 10 of the rotary element 9.

Abstract: In order to maintain the torque of the ratio meter and the drive of amplifiers feeding it independently of the amplitudes of a sine signal voltage and a cosine signal voltage, a regulation is provided. The regulation makes use of two-quadrant voltage-controlled sources of current each of which is connected to a coil branch. Control voltage amplifiers, one connected in front of each source of current, are furthermore used. A sum-current resistor is provided to form the sum of the supply currents of two voltage-controlled sources of current. The supply currents represent the amounts of the sine signal voltage and cosine signal voltage which act on the voltage amplifiers. From the resistor for the formation of the sum of the supply currents a signal is derived which switches the amplification of the voltage amplifiers automatically in the direction of compensation.

Abstract: An electromagnetically actuatable fuel-injection valve for injection systems of internal combustion engines having a valve housing, a soft-iron core which is arranged within the valve housing and bears a stationary magnet windind and an armature which is coaxial to the core and faces it forming an air gap therewith. The armature forms a valve closure member. The valve has a passage bore which extends from an inlet, through the soft-iron core, to the valve closure member, within which bore a compression spring is arranged with its one end buttressed therein and its other end resting with a given initial stress against the armature. The compression spring is buttressed via an axially, plastically deformable support element in the passage bore, the resistance to deformation of the buttress element being greater than the force of the given initial stress of the compression spring.