Abstract: A method for estimating an input spectrum from sensor data acquired by an optical sensor assembly, having an aperture, a Fabry-Perot interferometer, and an optical sensor element, the method including: obtaining first calibration data representative of a spectral response function of the optical sensor assembly for a first setting of the aperture; computing second calibration data from the first calibration data, the second calibration data being representative of a spectral response function of the optical sensor assembly for a second setting of the aperture, where the second setting corresponds to a setting applied during the acquiring of the sensor data; and estimating the input spectrum as a function of the second calibration data and the sensor data. Additionally, a corresponding system for estimating an input spectrum.

Abstract: Provided herein are filtration membranes for water treatment, and methods for preventing fouling of such membranes. The method described herein comprises grafting the membrane surface with an organic moiety, by reacting the surface with an organometallic reagent, a phosphonate, a phosphinate, or an organosilane.

Abstract: Assembly for treating fluids, comprising a support (12) having a first and second oppositely arranged surfaces (121) for backing support of a semi permeable membrane (11), a first fluid conveying compartments (124) interposed between the first and second surfaces, a plurality of first fluid passages (126) extending from the first surface (121) and being in fluid communication with the first compartments (124), and a first duct attached to the support (12) and in fluid communication with the first compartments. The assembly comprises a second compartment (125) arranged for conveying fluid and different from the first compartment, and a second duct attached to the support (12) and configured to be in fluid communication with the second compartment (125).

Abstract: A method and corresponding device, for monitoring a charge of a battery. The method obtains a battery current measurement value and a battery voltage measurement value, and applies a current integration method to update a primary charge estimate value representative of the charge stored in the battery by taking into account the battery current measurement value. The method further determines an ancillary charge estimate value representative of the charge stored in the battery using a battery model taking into account the battery voltage measurement value, and determines an error value for the ancillary charge estimate value, in which the error value expresses the reliability of the battery model. The method also applies a correction to the primary charge estimate value as function of the ancillary charge estimate value and the error value. Interpretation of the correction applied in this manner allows determination of current sensor offset and battery capacity change.

Abstract: A planar membrane cartridge includes a support and a semi-permeable membrane layer. The support includes a first layer attached to a second layer and defining a front face and a back face of the support. At least one of the first layer and the second layer form a first embossment and a second embossment. Respective back faces of the first layer and the second layer are attached to each other along edges of the first embossment and of the second embossment, such that the first embossment defines a fluid compartment between the first layer and the second layer and the second embossment defines an internal channel between the first layer and the second layer which is isolated from the fluid compartment. An area of the first layer corresponding to the first embossment is covered by the semi-permeable membrane layer.

Abstract: Control methods, systems and controllers of devices in an electrical or heat distribution network which devices can be, for example, particularly or mainly thermostatically controlled loads (TCL) such as heat pumps. The methods are based on modeling a network with representative simulated tracer devices. Preferably, only a limited number of simulated tracer devices are used, i.e. limited in number compared to the number of devices in the electrical or heat distribution network. The simulated tracer devices are preferably governed by and have characteristics that are similar to those of actual devices in the electrical or heat distribution network or are representative of a major type of such devices. These simulated tracer devices can be used to represent behavior, for example, of an entire cluster of homogeneous or heterogeneous TCLs.

Abstract: A connectivity check for a rechargeable energy storage system including a string of rechargeable energy storage cell modules in series. Each cell module has an individual rechargeable energy storage cell or plurality of rechargeable energy storage cells, a switch for use in a connection check, a monitoring and control circuit adapted for measuring a cell module voltage, a single common connection between a terminal of a rechargeable energy storage cell and the monitoring and control circuit within each module. To perform the connectivity check the switch is opened in one module, a cell voltage is measured in the module to give a first measured value, the switch is closed. The cell voltage is measured again to provide a second measured value, and a determination is made if there is a difference between the first and second measured values which would indicate a bad connection.

Abstract: Methods and tools for determining the structure of biomacromolecules such as proteins in a sample using mass spectrometry. More particularly the methods allow determining the presence of a biomacromolecule of an organism in a sample by comparing an observed mass spectrum of the sample with a theoretical fragment ion spectrum comprising theoretical fragment ion masses.

Abstract: A deep approximation neural network architecture which extrapolates data over unseen states for demand response applications in order to control distribution systems like product distribution systems of which energy distribution systems, e.g. heat or electrical power distribution, are one example. The method is a model-free control technique mainly in the form of Reinforcement Learning (RL) where a controller learns from interaction with the system to be controlled to control product distributions of which energy distribution systems, e.g. heat or electrical power distribution, are one example.

Abstract: Reconfiguration of a rechargeable energy storage system into two or more new capacitor or battery or fuel cell packs arranged in “connections”, e.g. series or parallel strings. Each pack of rechargeable energy storage devices includes rechargeable energy storage modules. In each rechargeable energy storage module, which can include one or more capacitors or fuel cells or battery cells, there is arranged a network of banks of switches. A first bank of switches is arranged to connect a rechargeable energy storage module in a first series connection string with other rechargeable energy storage modules. A second bank of switches is arranged to connect a rechargeable energy storage module in a second connection string with other rechargeable energy storage modules. A first bypass switch is arranged to exclude a rechargeable energy storage module from the first series connection string when the first bypass switch is activated.

Abstract: A connectivity check for a rechargeable energy storage system including a string of rechargeable energy storage cell modules in series. Each cell module has an individual rechargeable energy storage cell or plurality of rechargeable energy storage cells, a switch for use in a connection check, a monitoring and control circuit adapted for measuring a cell module voltage, a single common connection between a terminal of a rechargeable energy storage cell and the monitoring and control circuit within each module. To perform the connectivity check the switch is opened in one module, a cell voltage is measured in the module to give a first measured value, the switch is closed. The cell voltage is measured again to provide a second measured value, and a determination is made if there is a difference between the first and second measured values which would indicate a bad connection.

Abstract: A membrane based process separates amines or organic acids from a solution containing at least one amine or at least one organic acid according to their hydrophobic properties. The more hydrophobic amine or organic acid passes the hydrophobic membrane into an acidic aqueous solution, thus selectively removing the amine or organic acid from the first solution. The process is particularly suitable to obtain chiral amines in high yield. A transaminase-catalyzed transamination of an amino donor and amino acceptor is combined with a hydrophobic membrane separation of the produced chiral amine. The selective removal of the chiral amine from the reaction mixture promotes the further transformation of the amino acceptor into the product chiral amine.

Abstract: Methods and systems for monitoring individual cell voltages of an energy storage system. The measured cell voltages can be reported back to a central controller. Based on parameters such as the overall health of the system, this controller can be adapted to decide which cells to balance, in which direction and optionally for how long. Balancing can be performed by cell monitoring and balancing units which can be implemented in hardware, i.e. as one or more circuits. The decision information from the controller can be reported to the cell monitoring and balancing units as a command. The cell monitoring and balancing means can execute the command, for example irrespective of the voltage or SoC of the cell connected to it.

Abstract: Systems, methods and component parts for portable or handheld measuring of a characteristic of batteries or other energy storage devices, in particular, for measuring a characteristic of high voltage batteries, e.g. 0.1 to 1 kV and/or automotive batteries as used in electric or hybrid automobiles or vehicles. The systems, methods and component parts are used to perform a battery diagnostic test, for example on high voltage batteries, e.g. 0.1 to 1 kV and/or automotive batteries as used in electric or hybrid automobiles. One such characteristic or diagnostic parameter is the impedance of such batteries and one such method is impedance spectroscopy testing.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a mesh-shaped, porous electric current density distributor for use with an electrode, the current density distributor being adapted for providing electric current to an active layer of the electrode, which active layer is provided to contact a face of the current density distributor, wherein the current density distributor comprises a porous mesh having a plurality of electrically conductive paths, wherein at least part of the electrically conductive paths extend along a direction of major current flow over the current density distributor. The porous mesh comprises in a direction crosswise to the direction of major electric current flow, a plurality of first paths of an electric insulator. The current carrying capacity of the current density distributor in crosswise direction to the major current flow over the current density distributor is smaller than the current carrying capacity in the direction along the major current flow over the current density distributor.

Abstract: Method and system for distributing and/or controlling an energy flow to a cluster of a plurality of nodes in an electricity network, wherein each node has an associated status, taking into account constraints relating to the energy delivered to the nodes and constraints relating to the electricity network, comprised of: allocating a local agent to each node of the cluster of a plurality of nodes, wherein the local agent receives a priority for energy to be delivered; allocating a regional concentrator agent to the regional network, comprising at least a part of the cluster, wherein a total of the at least one regional network forms the electricity network; receiving by the at least one regional concentrator agent, the priority for energy to be delivered among the nodes and determining an aggregate priority for energy to be delivered to the at least one regional network, depending on voltage limitations.

Abstract: A sensing device for obtaining geometric referenced multi-spectral image data of a RoI in relative movement with respect to the device, the sensing device having: a first and second 2D sensor element, the device obtaining subsequent multi-spectral images during the relative motion of the Rol thus providing distinct spectral information for parts of a Rol using the first element; and providing, using the second element, an image of the Rol for generating geometric referencing information to be coupled to the distinct spectral information; each element capturing a sequence of frames at a respective frame rate. The first frame rate is higher than the second frame rate. The device generates intermediate geometric referencing information to be coupled to frames of the first sequence of frames for which no synchronous frame from the second sequence of frames is available, derived from temporally similar frames from the second sequence of frames.

Abstract: Device (10) for simultaneously determining a mass transport of a fluid and a mass transport of a substance dissolved in the fluid, comprising at least two cartridges (11-14) filled with a porous matrix, and assembly means (15), configured to keep the cartridges together, characterized in that the top side (111) and the bottom side (112) of each cartridge are non-permeable and the side wall (113) is permeable, and in that the assembly means are configured to keep the cartridges together according to a stack, in which the cartridges may be flowed through in parallel without cross-contamination.

Abstract: A method for transforming a set of spectral images, the method including: dividing the images in the set in identically arranged areas; for each of the areas, calculating a predetermined characteristic across the set of images; and, for each of the images, normalizing intensity values in each of the areas in function of the predetermined characteristic of the area. Additionally, a corresponding computer program product and a corresponding image processing system.

Abstract: A method for determining in a sample solution the presence of a target nucleic acid of interest, where the target nucleic acid of interest differs from one or more other target nucleic acids by only one or two nucleotides. The method comprises providing a first plurality of different probes and a second plurality of different probes, performing hybridization, where the hybridization includes contacting the sample solution with each probe of the first and second plurality of probes, and detecting a hybridization signal for each probe with the sample solution, determining the hybridization free energy for the hybridization between each probe of the first and second plurality of probes and the target nucleic acid of interest, and determining the presence of the target nucleic acid of interest based on the relationship between the hybridization signals detected for the plurality of probes.