Abstract: A metal heat exchanger tube for the evaporation of liquids on the outside of the tube, having a tube axis, a tube wall, and integrally formed ribs that run circumferentially on the outside of the tube. The ribs have a rib foot, rib flanks, and a rib tip, wherein the rib foot projects substantially radially from the tube wall. A respective groove is located between every two ribs that are adjacent to one another in the axial direction. At least first, second, and third lateral material projections, which are formed from the material of the ribs, are arranged on a first, second, and third level on the rib flanks in such a way that the grooves are largely covered by all of the material projections. The first, second, and third lateral material projections are formed on levels that are in each case differently spaced apart from the tube wall in the radial direction.

Abstract: Fins are formed monolithically from the material of a tube body. The fins extend from the tube body outer surface, and include a fin base and a fin top. Wings extending from a fin side surface between the fin base and fin top can produce upper and lower channels between adjacent fins. Depressions can be formed in the fin top with platforms below the depressions. The tube can also include helical ridges on an inner surface of the tube. The tubes are used for heat transfer, and can be included in shell and tube heat exchangers.

Abstract: The invention includes a copper-nickel-zinc alloy with the following composition in weight %: Cu 47.0 to 49.0%, Ni 8.0 to 10.0%, Mn 0.2 to 0.6%, Si 0.05 to 0.4%, Pb 1.0 to 1.5%, Fe and/or Co up to 0.8%, the rest being Zn and unavoidable impurities, wherein the total of the Fe content and double the Co content is at least 0.1 weight % and wherein mixing silicides containing nickel, iron and manganese and/or containing nickel, cobalt and manganese are stored as spherical or ellipsoidal particles in a structure consisting of an ?- and ?-phase. The invention further relates to a method for producing semi-finished products from a copper-nickel-zinc alloy.

Abstract: The invention relates to a copper alloy, composed of (in wt %): 51.8 to 84.0% Cu, 15.5 to 36.0% Zn, 0.35 to 3.0% Sn, 0.12 to 1.5% Fe, 0.02 to 1.0% P, optionally also 0.1 to 2.0% Al, optionally also 0.05 to 0.7% Si, optionally also 0.05 to 2.0% Ni, optionally also respectively 0.1 to 1.0% Mn, Co, optionally also respectively 0.01 to 1.0% As, Sb, and unavoidable contaminants, wherein more than 95% of the structure consist of ?-mixed crystal, in which at least iron phosphides and/or iron are embedded as deposition particles, which can be used for metallic articles in breeding organisms living in seawater.

Abstract: An evaporation heat transfer tube has a tube main body and a step-like structure; outer fins are arranged at intervals on the outer surface of the tube main body and an inter-fin groove is formed between two adjacent outer fins; the step-like structure respectively abuts against the bottom plane and one of the side walls of the inter-fin groove. The step-like structure has a first surface, a second surface and at least one flange formed by the intersection of the two surfaces, wherein the first and the second surface intersect respectively with the side wall and the bottom plane.

Abstract: A refill for a ball-point pen has an ink cartridge and a ball, the ball being arranged in a writing tip provided at the front end of the ink cartridge, wherein at least the writing tip of the ink cartridge is made solely of a copper-zinc alloy of the following composition (wt. %): 28.0 to 36.0% Zn, 0.5 to 1.5% Si, 1.5 to 2.5% Mn, 0.2 to 1.0% Ni, 0.5 to 1.5% Al, 0.1 to 1.0% Fe, optionally also up to a maximum of 0.1% Pb, optionally also up to a maximum of 0.2% Sn, optionally also up to a maximum of 0.1% P, optionally also up to a maximum of 0.08% S, the rest being Cu and inevitable impurities, with mixed silicides containing iron, nickel and manganese embedded in the matrix.

Abstract: The invention includes a copper-nickel-zinc alloy with the following composition in weight %: Cu 47.0 to 49.0%, Ni 8.0 to 10.0%, Mn 0.2 to 0.6%, Si 0.05 to 0.4%, Pb 1.0 to 1.5%, Fe and/or Co up to 0.8%, the rest being Zn and unavoidable impurities, wherein the total of the Fe content and double the Co content is at least 0.1 weight % and wherein mixing silicides containing nickel, iron and manganese and/or containing nickel, cobalt and manganese are stored as spherical or ellipsoidal particles in a structure consisting of an ?- and ?-phase. The invention further relates to a method for producing semi-finished products from a copper-nickel-zinc alloy.

Abstract: A metal heat exchanger tube for the evaporation of liquids on the outside of the tube, having a tube axis, a tube wall, and integrally formed ribs that run circumferentially on the outside of the tube. The ribs have a rib foot, rib flanks, and a rib tip, wherein the rib foot projects substantially radially from the tube wall. A respective groove is located between every two ribs that are adjacent to one another in the axial direction. At least first, second, and third lateral material projections, which are formed from the material of the ribs, are arranged on a first, second, and third level on the rib flanks in such a way that the grooves are largely covered by all of the material projections. The first, second, and third lateral material projections are formed on levels that are in each case differently spaced apart from the tube wall in the radial direction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an evaporation heat transfer tube with a hollow cavity, comprising a tube main body and at least one hollow frustum structure. Outer fins are arranged at intervals on the outer surface of the tube main body and inter-fin grooves are formed between two adjacent outer fins. The hollow frustum structure is arranged at the bottom of the inter-fin grooves and surrounded by side walls. The top of the hollow frustum structure is provided with an opening. The side walls extend inwards and upwards from the bottom of the inter-fin grooves and thus the area of the opening is less than the area of the bottom of the hollow frustum structure. The inner surface and the outer surface of the side walls are intersected at the opening to form a flange. Preferably, the flange is a sharp corner and the radius of the curvature is 0 to 0.01 mm. The side walls are formed by at least two surfaces which are connected to each other.

Abstract: A copper alloy subjected to a thermo-mechanical treatment and composed of (in wt %) 15.5 to 36.0% Zn, 0.3 to 3.0% Sn, 0.1 to 1.5% Fe, optionally 0.001 to 0.4% P, optionally 0.01 to 0.1% Al, optionally 0.01 to 0.03% Ag, Mg, Zr, In, Co, Cr, Ti, Mn, optionally 0.05 to 0.5% Ni, the remainder being copper and unavoidable contaminants, wherein the microstructure of the alloy is characterized in that the proportions of the main texture orientations are at least 10 vl % copper orientation, at least 10 vl % S/R orientation, at least 5 vl % brass orientation, at least 2 vl % Goss orientation, at least 2 vl % 22RD-cube orientation, at least 0.5 vl % cube orientation, and finely distributed iron-containing particles are contained in the alloy matrix.

Abstract: A bearing system having a bearing pair made up of at least one bearing and at least one running partner, wherein a coating which is made up of a layer of which the main constituent is amorphous SiO2 is applied to at least one running surface of the bearing pair.

Abstract: A heat exchanger tube with a tube axis, a tube wall, a tube outside and a tube inside. Continuously running, axially parallel or helically circling inner ribs are formed out of the tube wall on the tube inside, each inner rib having two rib flanks and a rib tip. A continuously extending groove is formed between adjacent inner ribs. The rib tip has at regular intervals recurring elevations which have an essentially frustopyramidal form. The inner ribs are raised in the radial direction on the contour line which is defined by the transitional edge of a rib flank to the rib tip and protuberances advancing out of the rib flank are formed in this region. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing a heat exchanger tube.

Abstract: A process for the application of layers composed of ceramic or organoceramic materials on surfaces of metals, semimetals or compounds thereof and also components or assemblies made of these materials by a chemical deposition process from the gas phase at atmospheric pressure or 30% below this and process temperatures during deposition below 500° C. The deposition process is carried out in one operation, wherein the reactive chemical substances and the precursors are homogeneously backmixed in the common gas space, and the average residence time as a ratio of volume of the gas space to gas throughput is matched to the rate-determining step of the catalyzed gas-phase reaction of the coating process so as to achieve a deposition rate of from 10 to 2000 nm per hour.

Abstract: A heat exchanger tube with a tube axis and with a tube wall having a tube outside and a tube inside, axially parallel or helically encircling inner ribs, with a groove which lies in each case between adjacent inner ribs, being formed from the tube wall on the tube inside, the helix angle, measured with respect to the tube axis, of the inner ribs being smaller than or equal to 45°, the region of the inner ribs which is remote from the tube wall being deformed at regular intervals asymmetrically on one side essentially in the tube circumferential direction, the deformed material of the inner ribs forming protrusions above the groove, the protrusions extending in each case over a finite deformation zone along an inner rib, the markedness of the deformation changing continuously within the deformation zone.

Abstract: The invention relates to metal formed parts, a method for producing the formed parts, use of the formed parts and the use of alloys to produce formed parts. Formed parts are produced from copper alloys with the composition (percent by weight) Sn: 2 to 8%, Zn: 2.5 to 13%, Pb: less than 0.25%, Ni: maximum 0.6%, optionally phosphorous, remainder Cu, but at least 84%, and unavoidable impurities, wherein the production of the formed parts includes at least one hot pressing process. The formed parts produced in this manner have outstanding corrosion resistance, very good material properties, high dimensional stability and surface quality and thus are particularly suited for use in water-carrying piping systems.

Abstract: A finned tube includes channels defined between adjacent fins on the tube body outer surface. Wings extend from side walls of the adjacent fins between the fin top and the fin base such that the wings form a barrier which splits the channel into an upper channel and a lower channel. A plurality of holes penetrate the barrier where the wings meet, so liquids and gases can pass into and out of the enclosed area defined by the lower channel. The wings can include alternating upper wings and lower wings, and there can be depressions formed in the fin top.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electro-optical or electromechanical structural component, in particular, an LED, connector or stamped grid, or sliding element, made of a rolled metal substrate of a metal strip, or a sheet produced therefrom, made of Cu or a Cu alloy strip, Al or an Al alloy strip, Fe or a Fe alloy strip, Ti or a Ti alloy strip, Ni or a Ni alloy strip or a stainless steel strip, which has a specially structured surface. The structure of the surface allows joining using optical methods, even in the case of highly reflective surface coatings, and simultaneously improves the functional properties of the components used.

Abstract: A heat exchanger tube with a tube axis and with a tube wall having a tube outside and a tube inside, axially parallel or helically encircling inner ribs, with a groove which lies in each case between adjacent inner ribs, being formed from the tube wall on the tube inside, the helix angle, measured with respect to the tube axis, of the inner ribs being smaller than or equal to 45°, the region of the inner ribs which is remote from the tube wall being deformed at regular intervals asymmetrically on one side essentially in the tube circumferential direction, the deformed material of the inner ribs forming protrusions above the groove, the protrusions extending in each case over a finite deformation zone along an inner rib, the markedness of the deformation changing continuously within the deformation zone.

Abstract: The invention relates to a heat exchanger tube with at least one structured region on the inside of the tube, which has the following features: a) integral internal ribs of height H run on the inside of the tube in axially parallel or helical-line-shaped manner continuously over the circumference at an angle of inclination ?1, measured with respect to the tube axis, with primary grooves being formed, b) the internal ribs are crossed over the entire circumference of the tube by spaced-apart secondary grooves which, parallel to one another at an angle of inclination ?2, measured with respect to the tube axis, have a notch depth T2 and a groove opening angle ?2, c) the internal ribs and the secondary grooves are crossed over the entire circumference of the tube by spaced-apart tertiary grooves which run continuously over the circumference parallel to one another at an angle of inclination ?3, measured with respect to the tube axis, and have a notch depth T3 and a groove opening angle ?3.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing copper-nickel-silicon alloys includes the sequential steps of casting the copper alloy; hot working the cast copper-base alloy to effect a first reduction in cross-sectional area; solutionizing the cast copper-base alloy at a temperature and for a time effective to substantially form a single phase alloy; first age annealing the alloy at a temperature and for a time effective to precipitate an amount of a second phase effective to form a multi-phase alloy having silicides; cold working the multi-phase alloy to effect a second reduction in cross-sectional area; and second age annealing the multiphase alloy at a temperature and for a time effective to precipitate additional silicides thereby raising conductivity, wherein the second age annealing temperature is less than the first age annealing temperature.