Abstract: A drinking water installation is made up of a source of drinking water and equipment for delivering the drinking water. In the equipment for delivering drinking water, a copper-zinc alloy which does not contain lead or bismuth is used. This alloy has a copper to zinc ratio of from 1.3 to 2.0 and contains at least one additive for improving the properties of the alloy. This alloy possesses superior machinability properties and yet does not pose the potential toxic hazard that lead- or bismuth-containing alloys do.

Abstract: A metallic finned tube, in particular for heat exchangers, which includes multiple integral fins helically extending on the outside, with the n fin run starts starting at the start of the tube and are evenly distributed around the tube periphery. The finned tube has a number of fin run starts n.gtoreq.4 with at least one group having at least two side-by-side oriented fin run starts (A.sub.1, A.sub.2 or rather A.sub.3, A.sub.4 . . . ).

Abstract: A ship that is partially hot-tin-plated with at least one metallic coating track extending in longitudinal direction on or both of its upper and lower surfaces and/or along one or both side edges. An intermetallic phase exists between the ship material and the coated track. In order to satisfy the many uses for partially tin-plated ships in the electronics and electrotechnical fields and for the manufacture of semiconductor elements, the track, viewed in longitudinal direction, is interrupted according to the invention at regular and/or irregular spacings (A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3 . . . ).

Abstract: A rotationally symmetrical preform (1) is made by atomizing molten metal by means of a gas jet in a nozzle and by deposition of the droplets on a suitable substrate, wherein at least two independent nozzles (2,3) are arranged so that their droplet streams (4,5) overlap and are directed onto a substrate (6) of circular cross-section, and wherein insoluble particles are injected either into the first or into the second droplet stream (4 or 5) or wherein different types of particles are injected into the first and the second droplet stream (4,5).

Abstract: A casting device for the continuous manufacture of a thin metal strip (2) which includes a rotating, cooled conveyor belt guided by guide rollers (3, 4), and a melt distributor (5) juxtaposed the conveyor belt (2) and from which metal melt (7) is fed onto the conveyor belt (2) and is solidified. In order to do away with underpressure in the casting device, the melt distributor (5) includes a distributor base having a surface which extends essentially tangential of a surface of the belt on the guide roller and at a centerpoint angle in front of the apex point (12:00 o'clock position) of the front guide roller (3), viewed in direction of movement of the conveyor belt (2)), that is in the range of 5.degree. to 20.degree.. The front quids roller (3) is cooled at least in the area thereof defined by the respective center-point angle .alpha..

Abstract: A heat exchanger wall for the transfer of heat from one first medium on one side of the wall to a second medium to be evaporated on the other side of the wall, with this other side having integral, aligned distributor grooves for distributing the liquid phase of the second medium. Good distribution of the liquid on the surface of the heat exchanger wall and simultaneous good vaporization characteristics are guaranteed according to the invention by the following characteristics:a) the distributor grooves cross channels having a pitch t, which channels lie below the distributor grooves,b) the distributor grooves are formed by laterally displaced material of the channel walls, with the depth T of the distributor grooves lying approximately between 30% and 90% of the channel height h, andc) the distributor grooves are connected to the channels through flared segments and/or openings in the distributor grooves.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sleeve bearing provided with lip seals, which are each integrated into front areas of the sleeve bearing particularly for use in rough mixed friction operation. The lip seals each consist of a holding part, a support part and a pretensioned sealing lip, which rests linearly on an associated shaft/axis in the built-in state. The holding part force-lockingly engages into an annular groove. A cavity, which is formed between the shaft/axis and the holding part or rather the support part can be filled with a lubricant.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for the continuous manufacture of a metal strip (1) with near net shape. The metal melt (6) is fed from a melt distributor (5) through a casting nozzle (15) onto a rotating, cooled conveyor belt (2) and solidified. In the operating condition, the melt level is controlled in the melt distributor (5) as a function of the desired strip thickness d of the metal strip (1). In the melt distributor (5) there is initially adjusted a fill level (A), which corresponds at a maximum with the conveyor belt plane (E). Such a fill level (B) then is adjusted such that the melt (6) completely displaces the air from the area (11, 14) in front of the casting nozzle (15) and from the casting nozzle (15). In the operating condition, the fill level (C) is controlled some millimeters above the level (D) of the liquid metal on the conveyor belt (E) so that the melt (6) flows out of the casting nozzle (15) according to the pipette principle.

Abstract: A slide bearing comprising a copper-nickel-tin alloy consisting essentially of______________________________________ 4-8% by wt nickel, 4-8% by wt tin, 0.005-1.0 by wt zinc, 0.005-0.5 by wt iron, 0.005-1.0 by wt lead, ______________________________________the remainder being copper and common impurities, the alloy having a multi-phase granular state with a preferred linear orientation and including:at least one of discontinuous gamma phase precipitations and continuous gamma phase precipitations, the precipitations being formed followed cold forming of the alloy by heat treatment at a temperature of 300.degree. to 450.degree. C. for 10 minutes to 50 hours so as to provide about 0.1 to about 30 volume % of the gamma phase in the alloy,up to 15 volume % of highly concentrated tin and nickel grain areas (GSnNi) characterized by the atomic formula Cu.sub.43 Ni.sub.17 Sn.sub.40,up to 15 volume % of highly concentrated tin and nickel grain areas (GSn) characterized by the atomic formula Cu.sub.80 Ni.sub.6 Sn.sub.

Abstract: The invention relates to a copper-chromium-titanium-silicon-alloy, which consists essentially of 0.10 to 0.50% chromiun; 0.01 to 0.25% titanium; silicon; the remainder being copper and the usual impurities, wherein the silicon content (a) is more than 0.1-times of the titanium content, (b) when the titanium content is up to 0.099% the silicon content is limited by the equation:Silicon content (%)=0.05%+0.5 titanium content (%),and (c) when the titanium content is more than 0.099%, the silicon content is limited by the equation:silicon (%)=0.149%-0.5% titanium content (%).Because of its excellent properties, the alloy is used as a material for electronic components, in particular semiconductor carriers for transistors, integrated circuits or the like, for plug connectors and parts for electrical systems for cars.

Abstract: A tube for heat transfer systems or the like is provided which includes helically or circumferentially disposed, radially extending ribs or fins. The base of the grooves defined between adjacent fins has a plurality of discrete impressions defined therein. The provision of discrete impressions in the groove base improves the heat transfer characteristics of the tube by greatly increasing the outer surface area of the tube relative to the inner surface area of the tube.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of a copper-titanium-cobalt-alloy which consists of 0.05-0.6% titanium; 0.05-0.6% cobalt; remainder copper, whereby the cobalt is partially replaced by iron. Due to its excellent characteristics with respect to electrical and thermal conductivity, mechanical strength, softening resistance and homogeneity, the alloy is used as the material for electronic components, in particular lead frames for transistors, integrated circuits or the like, and parts for electronic components for automobiles.

Abstract: A low-alloyed copper alloy suitable for use as a base material for a semiconductor includes 0.03 to 0.2% nickel by weight, 0.03 to 0.2% tin by weight; and 0.015 to 0.1% titanium by weight, the remainder being copper and common impurities.

Abstract: A copper-nickel-tin-titanium-alloy suitable for use as a base material for semiconductors includes, by weight, 0.25 to 3.0% nickel, 0.25 to 3.0% tin, and 0.12 to 1.5% titanium, the remainder being copper and common impurities. An alternative form of the inventive alloy includes, by weight, 0.25 to 3.0% nickel, 0.25 to 3.0% tin, 0.12 to 1.5% titanium, and 0.05 to 0.45% chrome, the remainder being copper and common impurities. A method for making these alloys includes the steps of homogenizing the alloy at temperatures of 850.degree. to 950.degree. C. between 1 and 24 hours, hot-rolling the alloy at temperatures of 600.degree. to 800.degree. C. in one or more passes, and cooling the alloy to room temperature with a cooling speed of between 10.degree. C. per minute and 2000.degree. C. per minute.

Abstract: A heat-transmitting device for transmitting heat between first and second fluids respectively flowing through first and second containers has a heat transmitter which is secured to at least one of the containers. The heat transmitter includes at least one heat pipe which extends into each container, such that one end of the heat pipe is disposed in the first fluid and the other end is disposed in the second fluid. The containers are separated by a double wall construction, and the heat pipe extends through such double wall. Heat from the first liquid is transferred to and through the heat pipe and into the second liquid.

Abstract: A finned tube for a heat exchanger has an inner surface in which is provided raised portions which are in rows and extend in the longitudinal direction of the tube. The raised portions are arranged, within each row, at irregular intervals and each raised portion may either increase or decrease toward a radially inward tip. The raised portions may have a cross-section which is substantially triangular or trapezoidal or in the shape of a parallelogram and the lateral surfaces of the raised portions, together with the internal surfaces of the tube are roughened during drawing.In a process of making such a tube, an unhardened tube having a plurality of circumferentially disposed longitudinally extending fins is drawn through a die so as to subject the tube to a cross-sectional decrease of at least 50% to thereby fragment the fins to provide gaps between remaining raised portions of the fins.A drawing die for used in the process has an entry angle .alpha..gtoreq. 40.degree..

Abstract: A heat-transmitting device is adapted for use in a heat pump system which typically includes a throttle device, an evaporator, a compressor, and a further heat-transmitter device. The heat-transmitting device has a core tube coaxially disposed in a tubular shell. The region between the core tube and tubular shell is divided into two annular spaces by an annular ring sealingly disposed between the core tube and tubular shell. Each annular space serves as an independent condenser. Openings are provided in the tubular shell at each end thereof and on each side of the annular ring to facilitate fluid flow through the device. In the heat pump system, a cooling medium flows through one annular space of the device, then through the further heat transmitter, and then through the other annular space of the device. Heat is transferred by the device from the cooling medium to a fluid flowing through the core tube.

Abstract: A heat-transmitting device is adapted for use in a heat pump system which typically includes a throttle device, an evaporator, a compressor, and a further heat-transmitter device. The heat-transmitting device has a core tube coaxially disposed in a tubular shell. The region between the core tube and tubular shell is divided into two annular spaces by an annular ring sealingly disposed between the core tube and tubular shell. Each annular space serves as an independent condenser. Openings are provided in the tubular shell at each end thereof and on each side of the annular ring to facilitate fluid flow through the device. In the heat pump system, a cooling medium flows through one annular space of the device, then through the further heat transmitter, and then through the other annular space of the device. Heat is transferred by the device from the cooling medium to a fluid flowing through the core tube.

Abstract: A heat exchanger for transferring heat from liquids or gases has an outer tube spaced from an concentric finned inner tube by a plurality of spacers. The spacers each have a tubular sleeve which engages the fins of the inner tube and a portion of the sleeve engages in the groove between adjacent fin turns of the inner tube. The outer surface of the spacer engages the internal surface of the outer tube. The spacer is preferably made of plastics material and the inner finned tube has fins formed in a threaded fashion. A preferred embodiment of the heat exchanger has a longitudinally slotted sleeve and the adjacent edges of the slot are formed to provide a snap-in engagement.