Abstract: A driving apparatus includes a voltage applying unit, a light irradiation unit and a resistance control unit. The voltage applying unit forms a voltage applying circuit together with a pair of electrode layers of a photo-addressing type display element. The voltage applying unit applies a voltage between the pair of electrode layers. The light irradiation unit irradiates the photo-addressing type display element with addressing light. The resistance control unit controls a resistance to a current which flows in a direction to reduce a potential difference between the pair of electrode layers to be larger than that during a period in which the voltage applying unit is applying the voltage.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes: a conductive substrate; a photosensitive layer including a charge-generating layer containing a charge-generating material and a charge-transporting layer containing a charge-transporting material, the charge-transporting layer having a hole mobility of about 5.0×10?6 (cm2/V·sec) or less at an electric field of 2 V/cm; and an overcoat layer that is provided on the photosensitive layer and contains a cured material of a charge-transporting material, wherein relational expression (1) Ip(OCL)>Ip(CTL)>Ip(CGL) is satisfied wherein Ip(CGL) represents an ionization potential (eV) of the charge-generating material contained in the charge-generating layer; Ip(CTL) represents an ionization potential (eV) of the charge-transporting material contained in the charge-transporting layer; and Ip(OCL) represents an ionization potential (eV) of the charge-transporting material contained in the overcoat layer.

Abstract: An apparatus (100) and method (400, 500) that controls the rate of movement of a fusing belt in a printing apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus can include a fusing belt (120) and at least one fusing belt support roller (131), where the fusing belt can be entrained on the fusing belt support roller. The fusing belt support roller can have an axis of rotation (135). The apparatus can include a pressure roller (132) that contacts the fusing belt to form a fusing nip (137). The pressure roller and the fusing belt can be configured to fuse an image on a media sheet (112) in the fusing nip. The apparatus can include a belt position changing mechanism (150) coupled to the fusing belt. The belt position changing mechanism can be configured to move the fusing belt axially relative to the fusing belt support roller axis of rotation. The apparatus can include a belt position changing control module (152) coupled to the belt position changing mechanism.

Abstract: An apparatus (100) and method (500) that controls the change of direction of a fusing belt in a printing apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus can include a fusing belt (120) configured to rotate about an axis of rotation (128). The apparatus can include at least one fusing belt support roller (131) where the fusing belt can be entrained on the fusing belt support roller. The apparatus can include a pressure roller (132) that contacts the fusing belt to form a fusing nip (137), where the pressure roller, the heater, and the fusing belt can be configured to fuse an image on a media sheet (112) in the fusing nip. The apparatus can include a belt position changing mechanism (150) configured to move the fusing belt axially in a first direction and in a second direction opposite the first direction relative the axis of rotation. The apparatus can include a belt position changing control module (152) coupled to the belt position changing mechanism.

Abstract: A non-transitory computer readable medium for an access right management includes: reading correspondence information from a storage unit for storing correspondence information indicating the correspondence between (i) a unique access right of an access right in a data management unit for managing electronic data and the access right to the electronic data and (ii) a common access right of an access right in an interface providing unit intervening between an operation main body for giving an operation command to the electronic data and the data management unit; accepting a setting request for requesting setting of the common access right; and determining whether or not the setting request of the common access right accepted by the accepting is a non-match request.

Abstract: An exposure device includes a light source, an image processing unit, and a light emitting control unit. In the light source, plural light emitting elements are arranged in main scanning and in sub-scanning directions. The image processing unit, based on image information relating to an image and processing information relating to a processing method of the image, executes image processing of converting into image information for exposure in a processing method corresponding to the processing information. The light emitting control unit controls the light emitting elements in accordance with the image information for exposure to emit light beams. The light emitting control unit controls the light emitting elements which are to emit the light beams based on a periodicity, in the sub-scanning direction, corresponding to the image processing executed in the image processing unit and a periodicity of an arrangement of the light emitting elements in the sub-scanning direction.

Abstract: A color processing apparatus includes a memory, a color-difference-accuracy calculating unit, an invertibility-accuracy calculating unit, and an output unit. The memory stores a patch set including patch colors. The color-difference-accuracy calculating unit calculates, as a color-difference accuracy, a color difference between a measured color value, which corresponds to a target color, and a predicted value, which is predicted from the target color using a color conversion model generated from the patch set and measured color values corresponding to the patch colors. The invertibility-accuracy calculating unit calculates, as an invertibility accuracy, a difference between the target color and a predicted target color that is predicted from the predicted value using a model with which transformation is performed in a direction opposite to a direction of transformation using the color conversion model. The output unit outputs the color-difference accuracy and the invertibility accuracy.

Abstract: A wiring structure for an electronic apparatus has a structure in which a first wiring path where a first harness that is used for transmitting a primary power is wired and a second wiring path where a second harness that is used for transmitting a secondary power is wired are formed, and a structure related to the first wiring path is formed so that, in a case where the first harness is wired, the first harness is integrated with the structure related to the first wiring path.

Abstract: An airflow system for a solid-ink melter tank is disclosed, which prevents clogging of drop tube supplying solid ink to the solid-ink melter tank. An inlet may provide airflow as well as solid ink to the melter tank and an outlet maintained at a temperature higher than temperature of the inlet, promotes a convective air current. The inlet may be coaxial with the drop tube or is present as a separate opening in the solid-ink melter tank. The outlet can be taller, externally insulated, and fabricated with a thermally conductive material as compared to the inlet. The heated outlet promotes expulsion of hot air from the solid-ink melter tank and prevents heating of drop tube, which leads to drop tube clogging by partially melting the solid ink.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments provide materials and methods for polymer-based fixing members that have a textured surface with reduced surface energy and increased surface hydrophobicity.

Abstract: A white toner for electrostatic charge image development is disclosed. The white toner for electrostatic charge image development includes a binder resin, a first white pigment, a second white pigment, and a release agent, a specific gravity D1 of the first white pigment satisfying a condition of 3.5<D1<6.0, a specific gravity D2 of the second white pigment satisfying a condition of 0.3<D2<1.2, a total content of the first white pigment and the second white pigment being in the range of from about 20% by weight to about 50% by weight with respect to a total weight of the white toner for electrostatic charge image development, and the release agent including a metal salt.

Abstract: A transmission device including a detection unit, a processing unit and a transmission unit. The detection unit detects whether there are plural consecutive transmission elements in which absolute values of differences between lengths of the transmission elements are equal to or less than a pre-specified value. If intermission periods are not provided in the detected transmission elements, the processing unit performs processing that inserts at least one of an irregular signal and an intermission period into at least one of the transmission elements. If intermission periods are provided in the detected transmission elements, the processing unit performs at least one of processing that changes a length of the intermission period provided in at least one of the detected transmission elements and processing that inserts an irregular signal into at least one transmission element. The transmission unit transmits the processed transmission elements in an order of a transmission element group.

Abstract: A toner-leveling mechanism installed and operative in a housing chamber that houses toner, the toner-leveling mechanism being capable of leveling toner accumulated in the housing chamber and narrowing an operation space of the toner-leveling mechanism in accordance with an increase in an accumulated amount of the toner.

Abstract: A surface emitting semiconductor laser includes a substrate, a lower reflective mirror formed on the substrate, an active layer formed on the lower reflective mirror, an upper reflective mirror formed on the active layer, an optical mode controlling layer formed between the lower reflective mirror and the upper reflective mirror, and a current confining layer formed between the lower reflective mirror and the upper reflective mirror. The active layer emits light. The upper reflective mirror forms a resonator between the lower reflective mirror and the upper reflective mirror. In the optical mode controlling layer, an opening is formed for selectively absorbing or reflecting off light that is emitted in the active layer. The optical mode controlling layer optically controls mode of laser light. The current confining layer confines current that is applied during driving.

Abstract: A photoconductor that includes a supporting substrate, an optional ground plane layer, an optional hole blocking layer, a photogenerating layer, and at least one charge transport layer, and where the charge transport layer contains a polyamideimide.

Abstract: A method uses temperature measurements for a print head and an imaging member to identify a distance between a print head and an imaging member. The method determines whether the print head at the print position is too close to the imaging member to identify the gap distance without damage to the print head. Then, if the print head is not too close, the print head is heated to quantify the heat sink effect of the imaging member on the print head. This effect is related to a heat transfer function that identifies the gap distance between the imaging member and the print head.

Abstract: Embodiments pertain to a novel imaging member, namely, an imaging member or photoreceptor comprising a protective outer layer which comprises light-absorbing composition that substantially prevents any light absorption by the overcoat layer. The composition comprises a low strength thermal plastic resin and a high optical density yellow dye. Thus, the light-blocking protective layer reduces the intrinsic light shock suffered by conventional overcoat layers without negatively impacting electrical properties of the overcoat layer and while improving print quality.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments provide materials and methods for polymer-based fixing members that have a textured surface with reduced surface energy and increased surface hydrophobicity.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for paying for an existing report are provided. In the method, an existing report for which a first structure of entities is identified is received. Thereafter, a set of other reports for which respective second structures of entities are identified is received. A weighting for other reports in the set of other reports is assigned, based on the respective structures. A payment for the existing report is extracted based on the weighting, a selected scoring rule, and the set of other reports.

Abstract: A surface emitting semiconductor laser includes: a substrate; a first semiconductor multilayer reflector of a first conduction type that is formed on the substrate and is composed of stacked pairs of relatively high refractive index layers and relatively low refractive index layers; a cavity region that is formed on the first semiconductor multilayer reflector and includes an active region; and a second semiconductor multilayer reflector of a second conduction type that is formed on the cavity region and is composed of stacked pairs of relatively high refractive index layers and relatively low refractive index layers. A cavity length of a cavity that includes the cavity region and the active region between the first semiconductor multilayer reflector and the second semiconductor multilayer reflector is greater than an oscillation wavelength.