Abstract: A monolithic laser structure has an infrared laser structure stacked on top of a red laser structure. An ion implantation channel from the substrate of the infrared laser structure to the lower cladding layer of the red laser structure lets both laser structures use a common electrode on the substrate of the red laser structure. A portion of the monolithic structure is etched down to the red laser structure for the electrode of the red laser structure. The monolithic laser structure has a red and infrared side by side array from the two stacked red and infrared laser structures. The red and infrared laser structures can each have native oxide confined ridge waveguides.

Abstract: Controllably conductive polymer compositions may be used in electrophotographic imaging developing systems, such as scavengeless or hybrid scavengeless systems or liquid image development systems. The conductive polymer compositions includes a charge-transporting material (particularly a charge-transporting, thiophene-containing polymer or an inert elastomeric polymer, such as a butadiene- or isoprene-based copolymer or an aromatic polyether-based polyurethane elastomer, that additionally comprises charge transport molecules) and a dopant capable of accepting electrons from the charge-transporting material. The invention also relates to an electrophotographic printing machine, a developing apparatus, and a coated transport member, an intermediate transfer belt, and a hybrid compliant photoreceptor comprising a composition of the invention.

Abstract: A variable dwell heat and pressure belt fuser for imparting selectable gloss to color toner images. A hybrid belt/roll fuser which has both a roll/roll nip and a belt/roll nip where the size of the latter can be varied by adjusting the position of the fuser roll around the axis of the pressure roll or by varying the location of the belt transport idler roll relative to the heat and pressure fuser members. For any given speed and nip pressure, the high pressure dwell between the fuser and pressure rolls is fixed but the low pressure dwell between the fuser roll and fuser belt can be varied from zero to four (or more) times the high pressure dwell in a prescribed manner.

Abstract: An apparatus and process for reducing accumulation of toner from the surface of an electrode member in a development unit of an electrostatographic printing apparatus by providing an composition coating including a polyimide or epoxy resin, an optional lubricant and metal compound selected from the group consisting of chromium (III) oxide, zinc oxide, cobalt oxide, nickel oxide, cupric oxide, cuprous oxide, chromium sulfate and cadmium sulfide on at least a portion of the electrode member.

Abstract: A method for producing a photoreceptor having a substrate subjected to a surface finishing treatment to result in a finished substrate surface, wherein the method includes:(a) analyzing the finished substrate surface by performing a first surface energy reading, a first ellipsometry reading, a first x-ray diffraction reading, and a first profilometry reading;(b) removing electrochemically via an alternating voltage or alternating current a portion of the finished substrate surface, thereby resulting in a cleaned substrate surface;(c) analyzing the cleaned substrate surface by performing a second surface energy reading, a second ellipsometry reading, a second x-ray diffraction reading, and a second profilometry reading, wherein the removing step (b) is accomplished to the extent that the second surface energy reading and the second ellipsometry reading are measurably changed from the first surface energy reading and the first ellipsometry reading, but the second x-ray diffraction reading and the second profilo

Abstract: A method of decreasing toner in solid area development to improve the latitude of a xerographic process in a machine having a projecting system for modulating a beam and projecting an image onto an imaging surface by specifying pixels defining solid image areas and selectively modulating the beam with regard to the specified pixels to change the state of the pixels from black to gray or partial white.

Abstract: An apparatus for forming an image on a recording sheet having low toner pile height is disclosed. A latent image is formed on an imaging member. A developer unit develops the latent image with a less than monolayer of toner particles on the imaging member. The developed image is transferred to a compliant intermediate member whereupon a filming station spreads the toner particles to form a film layer. The station includes a heater for heating the less than monolayer of toner particles to a temperature sufficient to cause the toner particles present on the intermediate member to soften; and a roller for spreading the less than a monolayer of toner particles to generate the thin film layer. The above process is repeated for subsequent colored toners to produce a multi film layer color image. Thereafter, the multi film layer color image is transferred from the intermediate member onto a recording sheet.

Abstract: A fixing apparatus having a fixing film for use in an electrostatographic apparatus for fusing toner images to a copy substrate, the fixing film having a fabric substrate, and thereover at least one layer, and further having an optional intermediate or adhesive layer positioned between the fabric substrate and layer.

Abstract: Fast, low-overhead implementations of a powerful, reliable image matching engine based on the Hausdorff distance are disclosed. In one such implementation, a method is provided in which a processor receives two inputs. The first input is a pattern to be recognized in an image; the second, a digital image in which the pattern is to be recognized. The digital image is preprocessed with the processor using various morphological dilation operations so as to produce a set of preprocessed digital images. Thereafter, the processor performs a hierarchical search for the pattern in the digital image. The hierarchical search is performed over a search space, and includes a series of decisions, each decision indicating whether a portion of the search space can be eliminated from the search. Each decision is made by performing a plurality of comparisons between the pattern and the preprocessed digital images of the set and analyzing the results of these comparisons.

Abstract: A document search system provides a user with a programming interface for dynamically specifying features of documents recorded in a corpus of documents. The programming interface operates at a high-level that is suitable for interactive user specification of layout components and structures of documents. In operation, a bitmap image of a document is analyzed by the document search system to identify layout objects such as text blocks or graphics. Subsequently, the document search system computes a set of attributes for each of the identified layout objects. The set of attributes which are identified are used to describe the layout structure of a page image of a document in terms of the spatial relations that layout objects have to frames of reference that are defined by other layout objects. After computing attributes for each layout object, a user can operate the programming interface to define unique document features.

Abstract: Carrier comprised of a hard magnetic core, the pores thereof containing polymer, and thereover s coating.

Abstract: A color marking machine which produces a composite color image in five cycles of a photoreceptive member, said color marking machine including a continuous photoreceptive member; a drive system rotating said photoreceptive member in a first direction; a charging station (R) for charging said photoreceptive member; an exposure station (E) for exposing said photoreceptive member so as to produce latent images on said photoreceptive member; a development station (D) for developing said latent images with toner to produce a toner image on said photoreceptive member; a transfer station (T) for transferring said toner image from said photoreceptive member onto a substrate; and a cleaning station (C) for removing residual toner particles from said photoreceptive member; and an camming assembly, operatively connected to said cleaning station and said transfer station, for engaging and disengaging said cleaning station and transfer station to and from said photoreceptive member.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus and an image forming method in which a latent image is formed by scanning the surface of an image bearing body with a laser light blinking in accordance with pulse-width modulation based on an image signal. Output-control-wave generating device generates an output control wave having a peak for a write time of each picture element. The output control wave is turned on and off by a gate circuit with timing determined by an exposure control signal generated by exposure control device. A signal output by the gate circuit is converted by a V/I converter into a driving current wave for controlling radiation of a laser light by an exposure unit. In this way, exposure energy produced by the exposure unit can be concentrated on an exposure time duration of each picture element, allowing the amount of mutual interference among picture elements to be reduced.

Abstract: An electrophotographic printing machine of the type in which an electrostatic latent image recorded on a charge retentive surface is developed with toner particles to form a visible image thereof, including; a housing having a supply of toner and developer therein; a donor member for transporting toner from the housing to the development zone; a means for conveying toner to the donor member; blower for generating a negative air stream for carrying toner therein; and a filter for removing the toner from the negative air stream, the filter including filter material and spring blower, connected thereto, for oscillating the filter material to dislodge toner material collected in the filter when the generating means is disabled.

Abstract: A low ink sensing system is combined with an ink cartridge detection system to enable a more efficient ink jet printer. An ink container which supplies ink to an associated printhead is modified by the incorporation of two light directing elements, in the preferred embodiment, a faceted prism and a roof mirror, into a transparent wall of the container housing. The cartridge, comprising the ink container and associated printhead, is mounted on a scan carriage. Periodically, the carriage is conveyed to a sensing station comprising a pair of light sources and a commonly used photosensor. A first light source is energized and a beam of light is directed to a location where the roof mirror, would be positioned if the cartridge is present. If the cartridge is absent, lack of a reflected return signal is sensed, indicating a cartridge has not been inserted. Print operation is halted until a cartridge is inserted.

Abstract: An aqueous ink jet ink comprises water, a colorant selected from a dye or a pigment, and a diol derivative according to the following formula (Formula I):HO--(CHX--CHYO).sub.j --(CH.sub.2).sub.a --G--(CH.sub.2).sub.b --(OCHW--CHZ).sub.k --OH (I)wherein G is independently selected from the group consisting of SO.sub.2, SO, and CO; X, Y, W, and Z are independently selected from the group consisting of H, CH.sub.3 and C.sub.n H.sub.2n+1 where n equals 2 to about 20; j and k independently equal from 0 to about 100; and a and b independently equal from 1 to about 20.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for forming images which comprises (a) generating an electrostatic latent image; (b) contacting the latent image with a developer comprising a colorant and a substantial amount of a vehicle with a melting point of at least about 25.degree. C., said developer having a melting point of at least about 25.degree. C., said contact occurring while the developer is maintained at a temperature at or above its melting point, said developer having a viscosity of no more than about 500 centipoise and a resistivity of no less than about 10.sup.8 ohm-cm at the temperature maintained while the developer is in contact with the latent image; and (c) cooling the developed image to a temperature below its melting point subsequent to development. Specific processes disclosed include electrophoretic development processes, polarizable liquid development processes, and photoelectrophoretic development processes. Optionally, the developed image is transferred to a substrate subsequent to development.

Abstract: The present invention is a method and apparatus for document clustering-based browsing of a corpus of documents, and more particularly to the use of overlapping clusters to improve recall. The present invention is directed to improving the performance of information access methods and apparatus through the use of non-disjoint (overlapped) clustering operations. The present invention is further described in terms of two possible methods for expanding document clusters so as to achieve the overlap, and a method for increasing precision through the use of the overlapped clusters.

Abstract: A transfer member comprising a polymer and a mixture of more than one variety of carbon black.

Abstract: A reusable image recording medium having improved capability of formation and removal of images such as toner images. The medium comprises a substrate and a coating formed on a surface of the substrate and having a recording surface with image forming material-peelability, wherein the recording surface has a surface smoothness of 200 seconds or lower as measured by a Bekk smoothness tester.