Abstract: A process for producing an electrophotographic photoreceptor having a roughened substrate surface by wet honing the substrate surface with a composition including deionized water and substantially spherical glass beads. The process produces a photoreceptor substrate that eliminates interference fringe effects caused by reflection of coherent light without creating other printing defects such as white or black spots. A wet honing composition for producing such photoreceptors is also provided.

Abstract: A belt feeding device including a plurality of belt feeding rolls, a belt wrapped around the rolls, and at least a pair of guide members each having an edge guide surface against which either side edge of the belt abuts in crosswise movement of the belt. The outer circumferential surface of each roll is formed with a plurality of ring-shaped slits axially spaced a distance w from each other, each of the slits having a depth h and a width m. The values of h, m, and w are set so that a load to an axial displacement of the belt wrapped around the rolls at a position of each guide member becomes 80 N/mm or less. Accordingly, an edge force acting between either side edge of the belt and the corresponding guide member against which the side edge of the belt abuts can be reduced to 15N or less.

Abstract: An apparatus for supporting wires in a wire module for use in a scavengeless development system using wire maintaining members that longitudinally support the wires. The tops of the wire maintaining members have grooves that positively position the wires and set a desired wire to wire spacing. The wire maintaining members are integral with the wire module and are part of a wire tensioning system. The wire maintaining members are part of an assembly that allow the wires to be pretensioned to the operable development tension prior to the wire module being mounted to the developer housing. The wire maintaining members also have a unique mounting system which allows the wire module to be rotatably mounted to the developer housing.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for drying a cylindrically-shaped substrate having a wet coating thereon which is oriented in a substantially vertical direction comprising directing a plurality of gas streams at a tangential angle against the substrate surface around the circumference of the substrate, wherein there is a plurality of imaginary lines on the substrate surface which are parallel to the longitudinal axis of the substrate, one imaginary line intersecting one gas stream, wherein each gas stream is directed upwards at an acute angle with the intersecting imaginary line, thereby reducing the gas pressure above a portion of the substrate surface which promotes drying of the coating.

Abstract: A negatively charged toner composition comprised of toner resins, colorants, optional surface additives, and a metal charge enhancing additive obtained from the reaction of a metal ion with a molar equivalent of an ortho-hydroxyphenol and two molar equivalents of an aromatic carboxylic acid in an aqueous medium in the presence of a base.

Abstract: An electrophotographic imaging member comprising a support substrate having a two electrically conductive ground plane layer comprising a layer comprising zirconium over a layer comprising titanium,a hole blocking layer, an adhesive layer comprising a copolyester film forming resin, an intermediate layer in contact with said adhesive layer, said intermediate layer comprising a film forming carbazole polymer, a charge generation layer comprising perylene or a phthalocyanine particles dispersed in a film forming polymer binder blend of polycarbonate and carbazole polymer, and a hole transport layer, said hole transport layer being substantially non-absorbing in the spectral region at which the charge generation layer generates and injects photogenerated holes but being capable of supporting the injection of photogenerated holes from said charge generation layer and transporting said holes through said charge transport layer.

Abstract: A device for calculating differences includes a difference circuit for generating difference signals .DELTA.x.sub.j =x.sub.j -x.sub.i, .DELTA.y.sub.j =y.sub.j -y.sub.i, and .DELTA.z.sub.j =z.sub.j -z.sub.i between coordinates of i having (x.sub.i, y.sub.i, z.sub.i) coordinate signals and coordinates of j having (x.sub.j, y.sub.j, z.sub.j) coordinate signals in an orthogonal coordinate system. The difference circuit includes an x-axis circuit, responsive to the x.sub.i and x.sub.j signals having a first circuit for receiving the x.sub.i coordinate signal and the x.sub.j coordinate signal and generating the .DELTA.x.sub.j ; a comparison circuit for comparing the x.sub.i and x.sub.j signals and determining whether the .DELTA.x.sub.j is less than a first set value -L.sub.x /2 corresponding to a length of a side of a virtual rectangular parallelepiped or greater than a second set value L.sub.x /2 corresponding to the length of the side of the virtual rectangular parallelepiped, L.sub.

Abstract: An electrophotographic imaging member comprising a support substrate having a two layered electrically conductive outer surface, a hole blocking layer, an adhesive layer comprising a copolyester resin, a charge generation layer comprising photoconductive perylene or phthalocyanine particles dispersed in a film forming resin binder blend comprising polyvinyl butyral copolymer and a copolyester selected from the group consisting of a first copolyester, a second copolyester and mixtures thereof, and a charge transport layer.

Abstract: A multi-color printer using a stretch toner release development system to provide either partial or full color copies with minimal degradation of developed toner patterns by subsequent over-development with additional colors and minimal back contamination of developer materials. Multiple scanning beams, each modulated in accordance with distinct color image signals, are scanned across the printer's photoreceptor at relatively widely separated points, there being a buffer provided to control timing of the different color image signals to assure registration of the color images with one another. Each color image is developed prior to scanning of the photoreceptor by the next succeeding beam. After developing of the last color image, the composite color image is transferred to a copy sheet. Development is accomplished by stretching the surface of a toner carrying member and thereby reducing the net force of adhesion of toner to the surface of the toner carrying member.

Abstract: A large array or pagewidth printhead fabricated from printhead elements or subunits having adhesive-free butting edges. Each of the printhead elements includes a heater element and a channel element bonded together by an adhesive such as an epoxy. A space or adhesive-receiving aperture is formed between the channel element and the heater element before mating so that any adhesive forced from between the channel element and heater element by the pressure of mating does not flow onto the butting surfaces, but instead overflows into the space thereby maintaining an adhesive free butting edge. The channel element includes an etch trough which forms the space. The printhead elements are butted together to form a large array printhead. The absence of adhesive on the butting edges improves manufacturability of the large array printhead.

Abstract: This circuit for serializing n parallel data bits requires that the data clock, having a clock period T, be used to generate n phased clocks of the same frequency as the data clock, but varying in phase such that each phased clock is delayed T/n with respect to the previous one. This can be done using a digital phase locked loop device. These n phased clocks and n parallel data bits are then input to a logic circuit which uses an n input Register and an n input multiplexer to output one data bit for each phased clock. The result is a serializer that converts parallel data to serial data without the need for generating a higher frequency clock.

Abstract: Pixel elements capable of imaging spatial intensity variations within themselves, and displays comprised of such elements, are described. The pixel elements include a resistance layer disposed between at least one set of electrodes. Over that resistance layer is a liquid crystal material. Over that liquid crystal material is a field electrode. In operation a voltage, whose components are referenced to the field electrode, is applied across the resistance layer. The resulting current flow induces a spatially varying electric field between the field electrode and the resistance layer. That spatially varying electric field results in a corresponding response by the liquid crystal layer which results in a spatially varying light transmission through the liquid crystal material. By varying the voltage across the resistance layer and/or the voltage applied to the field electrode varying amounts of light transmission can be achieved.

Abstract: A user-interactive method for use in a processor controlled machine provides a user with the capability to retrieve and manipulate associations previously established among image segments in a single or in multiple data structures, where the image segments are stored as image data and not as recognized or interpreted information. The use of certain designated image segments, called key objects, for association with one or more other stored image segments in effect imposes a user-defined categorization structure on the image segments with which key objects are associated, producing groups of image segments associated with respective key object. The categorized information for a particular key object is retrievable and displayable with the key object image, also without performing a recognition operation, providing an indexing mechanism into the image data.

Abstract: An electrophotographic imaging member comprising a support substrate having a two layered electrically conductive ground plane layer comprising a layer comprising zirconium over a layer comprising titanium, a hole blocking layer, an adhesive layer comprising a polymer blend comprising a carbazole polymer and a film forming thermoplastic resin selected from the group consisting of copolyester, polyarylate and polyurethane in contiguous contact with the hole blocking layer, a charge generation layer comprising perylene or a phthalocyanine pigment particles dispersed in a polycarbonate film forming binder in contiguous contact with the adhesive layer, and a hole transport layer, the hole transport layer being substantially non-absorbing in the spectral region at which the charge generation layer generates and injects photogenerated holes but being capable of supporting the injection of photogenerated holes from the charge generation layer and transporting the holes through the charge transport layer.

Abstract: An image input terminal synchronously transfers image data to a host terminal when the internal data transfer rate of the image input terminal exceeds the data transfer rate of the host terminal. The image input terminal scans the document at a constant rate, but the constant rate is slower than the normal scan rate for the image input terminal, thereby effectively scanning the document at a higher resolution. To realize an apparent internal data transfer rate equal to the data transfer rate of the host terminal, the image input terminal periodically discards or skips scanlines of valid image data to give the host terminal ample time to complete the transfer of valid image data. The image input terminal, to facilitate a synchronous transfer of image data, will skip N-1 scanlines of valid image data out of N scanlines of valid image data such that N is determined by the data transfer rate of the host terminal.

Abstract: A robust technique for determining whether a field (43, 45, 47a-d) on a form (40'), which has been converted to a binary input image, contains a mark utilizes an approach of making an initial determination of the approximate location of the field, and then refining such determination. The form is assumed to have registration marks (fiducials) with the field at a known location relative to the fiducials. The fiducials are identified (50), and the approximate location of the field is determined (55) from the fiducial positions and the known relation between the fiducials and the field. At this point, a portion of the image (referred to as the subimage) is extracted (57). The subimage is typically somewhat larger than the field so that it can be assumed that the field is within the subimage. The field has machine-printed lines along at least part of the field perimeter.

Abstract: To make the architecture of an image processing module of a monochrome printing machine convertible to a full color printing machine, bypass circuits are included in the luminance processing circuit of the monochrome printing system. These bypass circuits are inserted between a conventional shading circuit and conventional two-dimensional filter and auto-segmentation circuit of the luminance image processing system and between a conventional brightness adjustment circuit and a conventional one-dimensional image processor/screening circuit of the luminance image processing system. This inclusion of bypass circuits enables a chroma processing circuit to be installed in parallel with the luminance processing to make the monochrome system convertible to a full color system. The converted full color system utilizes the luminance processing system of the monochrome system to realize fully color processed signals ready for transmission to a printing subsystem.

Abstract: Recognizable codes, such as pseudo-noise ("PN") sequence address codes, are employed for type labeling embedded data patterns, such as self-clocking glyph code patterns. For example, this type labeling may be employed to identify structurally distinguished data block types.

Abstract: An image data processing apparatus for dividing one page of image data into segments for high-speed image data processing. Each of the image data segments is processed by a separate compandor. The processed data is stored in an FIFO memory corresponding to each of the compandors matching the segments. The data stored in the FIFO memory is moved from there to a compressed data storage by DMA data transfer under control of a DMA data transfer controller. The DMA data transfer controller, activated beforehand by a CPU, starts transferring data upon receipt of a DMA data transfer request signal DRQ generated by a DRQ control circuit corresponding to each FIFO memory. Since the DMA data transfer controller is already operational, it executes data transfers in a very short time on receiving the DMA data transfer request signal.

Abstract: A computer terminal user interface control is provided for allowing input from an operators non-dominant hand. Force sensitive resistor pairs are provided at right angles to one another. Forces applied to these transducers move a tool set to various sub-portions of a video display device. The user's dominant hand is then free to select from various sub-areas of the tool window positioned by the non-dominant hand in a simple and efficient manner.