Abstract: A fountain for moving liquid toner into engagement with a receptor for developing an electrostatic image into a visible image. A fountain for providing improved edge enhancement in an image, and incorporating an electrode positioned at the bottom of a liquid toner pool formed by electrical insulating end, side and bottom members.

Abstract: A device for measuring gaseous species which comprises a scattering chamber having a resonance lamp illuminating said chamber and a detector for measuring a scattered light within said chamber and conduit means for delivering said gaseous species to said chamber and a photofragmentation chamber within said conduit for selectively decomposing said gaseous species.

Abstract: A controllable evaporation source of parent metal species, produced either from a volatile metal or a metal halide, and under some circumstances a chemical getter sink in a sealed RF excited discharge. This discharge occurs in a second, extremely pure gas which is present in great excess over the gas produced by evaporization which may be followed by chemical decomposition. Excitation of species whose emission is desired occurs by electron impact or energy transfer from the major species which are in turn, excited by the electron impact.

Abstract: An electrically pumped gas laser with an electrode assembly providing for gas flow through spaced upstream and downstream electrode arrays with the flow path perpendicular to the optical axis of the laser in a very low inductance electrical circuit. Electrode arrays comprising parallel spaced blade shaped electrodes, with the upstream electrodes having a contoured leading edge and a trailing knife edge spaced from the walls of the discharge space, and with the downstream electrodes having a leading knife edge spaced from the walls of the discharge space and a similarly contoured trailing edge. An electrode assembly with upstream and downstream gas flow channels providing a double parallel plate transmission line for electrical connections and energy storage, with the channel walls serving either directly or as supporting structures for the inner plates, and with the outer plates in the form of conducting sheets spaced from the inner plates by insulating sheets.

Abstract: A spark gap switch having a central electrode positioned within an annular electrode in a dielectric liquid or saturated vapor flow line, with coaxial or parallel plate electrical connections to said electrodes.

Abstract: A photo-optical imaging system suitable for use in an electronradiography system which produces an electrostatic charge image at an electrode. An electrode having a photoconductor layer and a transparent electrical conducting layer, with the charge image at the photoconductor layer. A light beam and various arrangements for scanning the beam over the photoconductor layer through the transparent layer for selectively transferring charge to the electrically conducting layer through the photoconductor layer as portions of the photoconductor layer are illuminated by the beam, and a data storage unit for receiving and storing data corresponding to the magnitude of charge at the photoconductor layer.

Abstract: An electronradiography imaging chamber providing a real time visual image. An electronradiography imaging chamber with electrophoretic particles in the electrode gap, with the particles being selectively moved to a transparent electrode as a result of the electrostatic charge image formed by absorbtion of incoming X-ray radiation in the gap. A dark field illumination viewing configuration with the deposited particles providing light scattering giving a visual image with low radiation dosage. An imaging chamber which can be cyclically operated at a relatively high repetition rate, typically 10 to 20 images per second, thereby providing real time viewing of the object.

Abstract: An electrostatic image developer of the powder cloud type incorporating an image field screen or plate adjacent the receptor sheet carrying the electrostatic image, and including means for varying the image field plate potential and spacing during the developing cycle for improved contrast in the resultant visual picture. A method of developing including varying the image field screen potential and spacing during the developing cycle.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for improving an electron radiograph by reducing the charge density in the background area of the electrostatic image and thereby reducing the amount of toner attracted to such areas during developing. The latent electrostatic image is generated by exposure to a radiation source in an imaging chamber and the higher charge densities are then neutralized by exposing the electrostatic image to an ion discharge, with a bias potential for limiting the neutralizing action, after which the electrostatic image is developed into a visual image.

Abstract: An electronradiography imaging chamber providing a visual image at the chamber suitable for direct viewing and/or copying. An imaging chamber with a first electrode on the x-ray source side, an x-ray absorber in a gap between the first electrode and an anisotropic plate, and a liquid crystal material in a second gap between the plate and a second transparent electrode, with incoming x-radiation providing a charge image on the plate at the absorber gap, with the plate transferring the charge image to the liquid crystal side and modulating the liquid crystal material to produce a visual image of the charge image, which visual image is viewable through the second electrode.