Abstract: A process of producing a rich-flavor soy sauce, including mixing soy sauce koji and salt water in a tank for preparing moromi mash, adding soy sauce and soy sauce koji at an appropriate point in time during the period of fermentation and aging, and subsequently effecting further aging. The process does not require any special treatment, and is quite convenient, in that it employs conventional process steps for producing a soy sauce. The resultant soy sauce has a light color and yet gives a rich flavor comparable to that of regular soy sauce, has a rich taste comparable to that of saishikomi-shoyu having a total nitrogen content of not less than 2% (W/V), and is mild in terms of saltiness.

Abstract: A stable and high-purity protected pseudouridine in crystal form is provided represented by the following structural formula: wherein M represents a trityl group or a derivative thereof, which is a useful material for producing an RNA oligomer or a similar substance. A method for producing the crystalline protected pseudouridine is also provided, which method includes crystallizing a protected pseudouridine from a solution containing the protected pseudouridine, by use of an ester solvent and/or an alcoholic solvent. The method, which does not need a silica gel column treatment, can be performed in a simple manner, does not impose a load on the environment, and realizes low-cost production of a target crystalline protected pseudouridine.

Abstract: A method for determining hydrolase activity of carbonic anhydrase I (CAI) in a sample which employs, combination of a substrate and an inhibitor. The substrate is a substrate having higher reactivity with CAI than with CAII selected from 2-hydroxy-5-nitro-?-toluenesulfonic acid sultone, a o-nitrophenyl ester, a p-nitropheylthio ester, and a ?-naphthyl ester or a substrate having reactivity with both CAI and CAII selected from the group consisting of a p-nitrophenyl ester and a ?-naphthyl ester. The substrate having higher reactivity with CAI than with CAII is a substrate that reacts with CAI in an amount, per amount of enzyme protein, twice or more the amount of substrate reacting with CAII, under identical substrate concentrations and reaction times and that specifically binds to CAI and serves as a substrate for hydrolase activity. The inhibitor is an inhibitor inhibiting a hydrolase other than CA, a CA inhibitor inhibiting both CAI and CAII, or a CA inhibitor inhibiting CAI more potently than CAII.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for long-term stabilizing a pulmonary surfactant protein, to a stabilized aqueous solution containing a pulmonary surfactant protein, and to a kit for assaying a pulmonary surfactant protein which kit contains, as a component reagent, a stabilized aqueous solution containing a pulmonary surfactant protein. The invention provides a method for stabilizing a pulmonary surfactant protein, the method including causing the pulmonary surfactant protein to be present with a calcium ion and an oxidizing/reducing substance. The invention also provides an aqueous solution containing a pulmonary surfactant protein which has been stabilized by use of a calcium ion and an oxidizing/reducing substance in combination.

Abstract: A polymer containing an N-linked sialo-glycan wherein a sialo-glycan is condensed to a ?-polyglutamic acid using a chemical compound having an amino group on one end and a carboxyl group on another end and represented by the structural formula (I). Formula (I) (In the formula, Z means a hydroxy group or a residue represented by the formula (II), and n represents an integer of 10 or more, with the proviso that any one or more of the Z's is represented by the formula in (II).) Formula (II) (In the formula, X means a hydroxy group or an acetylamino group, Y1 and Y2 mean a hydroxyl group or an N-acetylneuraminic acid residue, L means a hydrocarbon, an m represents 0 or an integer of 1 or 2, with the proviso that Y1 and Y2 are not the same.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for determining the degree of macrophage-associated negative effects on a vertebrate including a human, the method including assaying diacetylpolyamine contained in a sample collected from the vertebrate. According to the method of the present invention, metabolic conditions of macrophages can be monitored, and the degree of macrophage-associated negative effects on a vertebrate (including a human) can be determined. Specifically, the present invention can predict, through assay of diacetylpolyamine, pathological condition which is considered a macrophage-related disease; e.g., recurrence of cancer or malignant tumor, or infiltration or activation of cancer or malignant tumor cells; denaturation or degeneration of neurons associated with Alzheimer's disease; or onset or progression of an autoimmune disease (e.g., rheumatism or Crohn's disease) or arteriosclerosis. Therefore, the present invention is very useful for clinical tests.

Abstract: A di(pyrimidine nucleoside 5?-)polyphosphate is synthesized by converting a pyrimidine nucleoside 5?-triphosphate into a pyrimidine nucleoside 5?-cyclic triphosphate by use of a condensing agent, and subsequently reacting the pyrimidine nucleoside 5?-cyclic triphosphate with a pyrimidine nucleotide in the presence of a salt of a metal selected from among magnesium, manganese, and iron. Through the method of the invention, a di(pyrimidine nucleoside 5?-)polyphosphate can be synthesized from an unprotected pyrimidine nucleoside 5?-phosphate serving as a starting material at a synthesis yield of 50% or higher. Therefore, the method of the invention is suitable for large-scale synthesis of a di(pyrimidine nucleoside 5?-)polyphosphate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a 4?-C-substituted-2-haloadenosine derivative represented by the following formula [I], [II], or [III]: wherein X represents a halogen atom, R1 represents an ethynyl group or a cyano group, and R2 represents hydrogen, a phosphate residue, or a phosphate derivative residue. The present invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition containing the derivative and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier therefor. The derivative is useful as a medicine for the treatment of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for long-term stabilizing a pulmonary surfactant protein, to a stabilized aqueous solution containing a pulmonary surfactant protein, and to a kit for assaying a pulmonary surfactant protein which kit contains, as a component reagent, a stabilized aqueous solution containing a pulmonary surfactant protein. The invention provides a method for stabilizing a pulmonary surfactant protein, the method including causing the pulmonary surfactant protein to be present with a calcium ion and an oxidizing/reducing substance. The invention also provides an aqueous solution containing a pulmonary surfactant protein which has been stabilized by use of a calcium ion and an oxidizing/reducing substance in combination.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for producing 3?-phosphoadenosine 5?-phosphosulfate (PAPS), the method including subjecting ATP to sulfation and phosphorylation by use of adenosine 5?-triphosphate sulfurylase (ATPS) and adenosine 5?-phosphosulfate kinase (APSK), wherein an adenosine 5?-triphosphate (ATP) supply/regeneration system including adenosine 5?-monophosphate (AMP), polyphosphate, polyphosphate-driven nucleoside 5?-diphosphate kinase (PNDK), and polyphosphate:AMP phosphotransferase (PAP), or an adenosine 5?-triphosphate (ATP) supply/regeneration system including adenosine 5?-monophosphate (AMP), polyphosphate, polyphosphate-driven nucleoside 5?-diphosphate kinase (PNDK), and adenylate kinase (ADK) is employed instead of ATP.

Abstract: To provide a novel anti-psychosocial stress agent which is highly safety and can be continuously taken, more particularly, a novel anti-psychosocial stress agent which prevents or alleviates psychosocial stress. The invention provides an anti-psychosocial stress agent containing, as an active ingredient, uridylic acid, uridine, or uracil. Since uridylic acid, uridine, or uracil, which is an active ingredient of the anti-psychosocial stress agent of the present invention, is inexpensively available and is a biological component, the agent exhibits high safety and can be continuously taken. Therefore, the anti-psychosocial stress agent of the present invention is effective for mitigating, alleviating, or relieving psychosocial stress, which is an issue in modern society. When the anti-psychosocial stress agent is taken before development of symptoms associated with psychosocial stress, the symptoms can be prevented.

Abstract: The present invention provides a stable salt of 3?-phosphoadenosine 5?-phosphosulfate (PAPS) and a production method therefor. The present invention is directed to a stable salt of PAPS (amine salt), which is formed between PAPS and an amine compound, and to a method for producing a stable salt of PAPS, which includes adding an amine compound to an aqueous PAPS solution in an amount by mole equal to or greater than that of PAPS, and lyophilizing the resultant solution. The present invention has first realized production of a solid-form PAPS salt having considerably improved stability through a very simple technique. Since the thus-produced amine salt of PAPS is very stable, the salt can be stored or employed without taking much care about decomposition thereof at ambient temperature.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for examining a hepatic disorder (e.g., NASH), which is less invasive and highly sensitive and which can be performed in a simple manner. According to the method, the level of a mitochondrion-derived protein (e.g., ornithine carbamoyltransferase or glutamate dehydrogenase) of a blood sample from a patient suffering metabolic syndrome and/or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is measured, and the measured protein level is compared with an averaged value of protein levels of healthy volunteers, whereby whether or not the patient has a hepatic disorder (e.g., NASH) is determined.

Abstract: The present invention is related to provide a therapeutic drug for heart diseases and viral diseases. The invention provides a therapeutic drug for heart diseases and viral diseases, comprising a free immunoglobulin light chain or a constitutive polypeptide thereof as an active ingredient.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to, for example, an oligosaccharide having at an end thereof a 4-position halogenated galactose residue represented by formula (I): (wherein X represents a halogen atom, and R represents a monosaccharide, an oligosaccharide, or a carrier), a transferase inhibitor containing the oligosaccharide, and a method for inhibiting sugar chain elongation reaction in the presence of glycosyltransferase, the method including employing the inhibitor. The invention also provides a method for producing a 4-position halogenated galactose sugar nucleotide represented by formula (II): (wherein each of R1 to R3 represents a hydroxyl group, an acetyl group, a halogen atom, or a hydrogen atom; X represents a halogen atom; and M represents a hydrogen ion or a metal ion), wherein the method employs bacterium-derived galactokinase and bacterium-derived hexose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase.

Abstract: A method for producing 2?-deoxy-2?-fluoro-?-D-arabinonucleoside represented by formula (II): (wherein B represents a base), in particular, 2?-deoxy-2?-fluoro-?-D-arabinopurinenucleoside, which method comprises causing a nucleoside phosphorylase to act on ?-1-phosphorylated-2-deoxy-2-fluoroarabinoside represented by formula (I): or a mixture of ?- and ?-isomers of 1-phosphorylated-2-deoxy-2-fluoroarabinoside represented by formula (V?): and on a base. The compound can be produced at high yield and in a convenient and highly stereoselective manner.

Abstract: A method for stabilizing ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) and a method of immunologically assaying OTC are provided. More specifically, the application provides a stabilized OTC solution having a pH of 5.5 to 7.0 as well as an immunological assay method of OTC including reacting an OTC antigen with an anti-OTC antibody at a pH of 7.5 to 10.5 or an immunological assay method of OTC including reacting an OTC antigen with an anti-OTC antibody at a pH of 6.5 to 10.5 in the presence of ProClin. According to the method of the present application, OTC level of a sample can be determined within a short period of time at high sensitivity. Thus, the method is useful for, for example, diagnosis of liver disease or follow-up after the onset of the disease.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel polyphosphate: AMP phosphotransferase (PAP), a gene coding this PAP, and their use.

Abstract: The present invention provides a 4?-C-substituted-2-haloadenosine derivative represented by the following formula [I], [II], or [III]: (wherein X represents a halogen atom, R1 represents an ethynyl group or a cyano group, and R2 represents hydrogen, a phosphate residue, or a phosphate derivative residue). The present invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition containing the derivative and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier therefor. Such derivative is useful as medicine for the treatment of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS).

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel polyphosphate: AMP phosphotransferase (PAP), a gene coding this PAP, and their use. The PAP has the following properties: (A) action: catalyzing of the following two reactions: NMP+PolyP(n)?NDP+PolyP(n-1) dNMP+POlyP(n)?dNDP+PolyP(n-1) (wherein NMP represents nucleoside monophosphate, NDP represents nucleoside diphosphate, dNMP represents deoxynucleoside monophosphate, dNDP represents deoxynucleoside diphosphate, n represents degree of polymerization of the polyphosphate which is an integer of up to 100); (B) substrate specificity: specific to AMP, GMP, IMP, dAMP, and dGMP, also acting with CMP, UMP, dCMP, and TMP; (C) molecular weight: about 55 to 56 Kd (kilodalton); and (D) specific activity: at least 70 units per 1 mg of enzyme protein.