Abstract: Disclosed is a fuel for a diesel engine which comprises a mixture of (A) an alcohol, (B) gas oil and (C) castor oil, wherein the contents of the respective components satisfy requirements represented by the following formulae:0% by volume <A.ltoreq.80% by volume,10% by volume .ltoreq.B<50% by volume, and10% by volume .ltoreq.C<50% by volume.

Abstract: A fuel injection pump including a pump body formed with a plunger sliding bore, and a discharge valve mounted on one end portion of the plunger sliding bore corresponding to an upper end portion of a plunger so that said end portion of the plunger sliding bore functions as a guide for the discharge valve. This arrangement enables the plunger barrel and discharge valve guide member of a fuel injection pump of the prior art to be dispensed with and permits the number of the parts of the pump, the size of the pump, the weight of the pump and the production to be reduced.

Abstract: A power transmission device for internal combustion engine including a timing belt pulley for a timing belt which drives cam shaft and so forth, and a pulley for V belt for driving auxiliary machineries such as cooling fan, the timing belt pulley and the pulley for V belt being attached to an end portion of the engine crank shaft. One of these pulleys is fixed directly to the engine crank shaft, while the other is fixed to the first-mentioned pulley which is fixed to the crank shaft.

Abstract: An apparatus for starting an internal combustion engine which comprises: a rope starting device including a rope provided with a knob, a reel around which the rope is wound and a clutch adapted to transmit the rotation of the reel to an engine crank shaft; and a decompression device including a cam adapted to forcibly open an exhaust valve by pushing one end of a valve lever associated with the exhaust valve and a shaft on which said cam is fixed to be biased resiliently and rotatively in one direction, the pushing amount of the end of the valve lever by the cam being set to be smaller than the pushing amount of the same effected by a push rod of a valve actuating mechanism for the exhaust valve. When the end of the valve lever is pushed by the cam, the cam engages the valve lever while keeping the exhaust valve in the opened state, whereas when the push rod pushes the end of the valve lever, the cam is disengaged from the valve lever.

Abstract: A synchronized dog clutch according to the invention comprises a clutch shaft, a coupling sleeve splined to the clutch shaft and having dog claws at its end, a synchronizer ring slidably fitted to outer periphery of the coupling sleeve, said synchronizer ring having a conical face for frictional engagement and being rotatable together with the coupling sleeve, and a gear wheel coaxially and rotatably arranged with respect to the clutch shaft and having teeth at its outer periphery. The gear wheel is provided with a conical face and claws respectively engagable with the conical face of the synchronizer ring and the claws of the coupling sleeve. The conical face of the gear wheel is disposed closely and radially inside the teeth, and the claws of the gear wheel are arranged inside the conical face, and thereby torque transmitted through the conical faces for synchronization is increased.

Abstract: A planetary speed change gearing for a power transmission system including a flywheel secured to a power transmission shaft of an engine, a flywheel housing enclosing the flywheel and an output shaft provided on the flywheel side and directly connected to a machine to be driven. The planetary speed gearing is built in a recess formed in the flywheel.

Abstract: A reduction and reversing gear for marine propulsion systems making use of the clutch case of a conventional reduction and reversing gear of a type having an input shaft mounted on an upper part of the clutch case, an output shaft extending in parallel with the input shaft and mounted on a lower part of the clutch case, a multiple disc clutch carried by the input shaft, a small gear rotatably carried by the input shaft and adapted to be connected to and disconnected from the latter by the multiple disc clutch, and a large gear carried by the output shaft and engaging the small gear. A planetary gear type reduction gear is disposed in the space around the output shaft and below the multiple disc clutch to make an efficient use of that space, thereby to provide an additional reduction stage between the large gear and the output shaft.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine having thereon a cylinder head, a valve mechanism consisting of a cam and a valve arm, comprising a rib-type oil received provided on that portion of the inner surface of a head cover which is in opposition to contact portions of the cam and the valve arm with an oil ejection bore provided in the valve arm directed to the rib-type oil receiver.

Abstract: An antechamber system Diesel engine including an antechamber consisting of a front chamber and a rear chamber and a communication port communicating said antechamber with a main combustion chamber wherein at least one of fuel injection ports of a fuel injection nozzle sprays the fuel in the direction of the communication port. The rear chamber is formed integrally with a cylinder head inside the same while the front chamber is formed on a sleeve member detachably fitted to the cylinder head. If desired, a short axis column-like groove is defined between the front chamber and the rear chamber.

Abstract: A direct injection type diesel engine including a piston having a toroidal combustion chamber wherein the ratio of the diameter of the opening of the combustion chamber to the diameter of the piston, the ratio of the diameter of the opening of the combustion chamber to the depth of the combustion chamber, the ratio of the distance between the top of a toroid of the combustion chamber and the surface of the opening of the combustion chamber to the depth of the combustion chamber and the angle of inclination of a peripheral wall of the combustion chamber with respect to the axis of the piston are each in a predetermined range of values. By these features, the problems with regard to noise and coloring of the exhaust emissions can be obviated without adversely affecting the performance of the engine.

Abstract: An exhaust system of an internal combustion engine especially adapted for use as a power source for a portable tool such as a chain saw, said exhaust system comprising a muffler enclosed within an engine casing and located within the passage of the cooling air flow for cooling the engine, and an exhaust gas dilution system consisting of an ejector connected to the outlet of said muffler and a diffuser disposed at such a position that the outlet of said ejector is opened into the inlet of said diffuser.

Abstract: A fuel injection pump for Diesel engines comprises a plunger unit in the pump body, a delivery valve, and an injection-quantity control mechanism in the pump body between the plunger unit and delivery valve. The control mechanism has a piston slidable in the pump body and communicated with the plunger unit and delivery valve and also has an injection-quantity control member coaxial with the piston and axially adjustable in position to press the piston against the pump body with the aid of a spring on the other end of the piston. The lift limit distance of the piston to be adjusted by the injection-quantity control member is preset to a range not less than that obtained by dividing the quantity of fuel to be injected at the engine start by the cross sectional area of the piston.

Abstract: A load follow-up device for use with an internal combustion engine equipped with a supercharger, comprises detector means operatively connected to the engine for sensing a sudden application of load to the engine; air feed means for feeding air into the engine cylinder; intake air relief means for discharging a portion of the pressurized air present within the intake manifold into atmosphere; means for forcedly shifting the fuel rack towards the fuel increasing side; and control circuit means connected to the detector means for operating the air feed means, intake air relief means and fuel rack shifting means in response to instruction from the detector means. The air feed means, intake air relief means and fuel rack shifting means are so arranged that they operate to faithfully follow up the application of an additional load, thereby preventing reduction in engine speed.

Abstract: A fuel injection pump for an internal combustion engine wherein a plunger is mounted in a barrel for sliding axial movement and rotation about its own axis, and the barrel is formed therein with a suction port and an outlet port. A metering groove is formed in the plunger and maintained in communication with a top of the plunger through a bore formed in the plunger, so that a desired amount of metered fuel can be delivered to the engine according to the load applied to the engine by varying the area and the time at which the metering groove is brought into communication with the outlet port, thereby varying the amount of fuel outflow. A pulsation control chamber of a greater sectional area is formed in the fuel passageway between a discharge valve of the pump and a fuel valve so as to intensify and prolong the duration of throbs of a pulsating current of fuel moved through the pulsation control chamber as it is delivered by pumping.