Abstract: The invention concerns oxime derivatives of the formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sup.4 includes hydrogen, carboxy, carbamoyl, amino, cyano, trifluoromethyl, (1-4C)alkylamino, di-(1-4C)alkylamino and (1-4C)alkyl;R.sup.5 includes hydrogen, (1-4C)alkyl, (3-4C)alkenyl, (3-4C)alkynyl, (2-5C)alkanoyl, halogeno-(2-4C)alkyl and hydroxy-(2-4C)alkyl;Ar.sup.1 is phenylene or a heteroaryl diradical;A.sup.1 is a direct link to X.sup.1, or A.sup.1 is (1-4C)alkylene;X.sup.1 is oxy, thio, sulphinyl or sulphonyl;Ar.sup.2 is phenylene or a heteroaryl diradical;R.sup.1 is (1-4C)alkyl, (3-4C)alkenyl or (3-4C)alkynyl; andR.sup.2 and R.sup.3 together form a group of the formula -A.sup.2 -X.sup.2 -A.sup.3 - which together with the carbon atom to which A.sup.2 and A.sup.3 are attached define a ring having 5 or 6 ring atoms, wherein each of A.sup.2 and A.sup.3 is (1-3C)alkylene and X.sup.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the microencapsulation of a substantially water-insoluble liquid material within a porous shell to effect a slow rate of release of said material through said shell which comprises (a) providing an organic solution comprising said material and an etherified urea-formaldehyde prepolymer dissolved therein in which from about 50% to about 98% of the methylol groups of said prepolymer have been etherified with a C.sub.4 -C.sub.

Abstract: A polycyclic dye of the Formula (1): ##STR1## wherein: Ring A is unsubstituted or is substituted by from 1 to 3 groups;R.sup.1 is cycloalkyl;m is 0, 1, 2 or 3;n is 0 or 1;p is 0, 1, 2 or 3; andRing B is unsubstituted apart from the --O(CH.sub.2).sub.m (CO.sub.2).sub.n (CH.sub.2).sub.p --R.sup.1 or is substituted by from 1 to 4 further groups.The dyes are useful for the coloration of textile materials particularly synthetic textiles such as polyester.

Abstract: 4-substituted pyridyl-3-carbinols of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen, or an acyl, alkyl or carbamyl group exhibit desirable preemergent and postemergent herbicidal activity. Also disclosed are herbicidal compositions comprising such compounds and; a method of controlling undesirable vegetation employing such compounds. The compounds wherein AR is hydroxyl serve as useful intermediates for the production of the alpha-benzyl substituted compounds as well as exhibiting herbicidal activity.

Abstract: Methods for recombinant production in procayotic microorganisms such as E. coli of ribotoxins such as restrictocin, alpha-sarcin and mitogillin are described. Known methods were relatively low yielding and not cost effective for commercial use such as in the pharmaceutical industry where relatively large quantities of toxin with consistent batch to batch quality may be required for immunotoxin production. Use of recombinant methods of production open up the possibility of making ribotoxin analogues. Toxicity of ribotoxins was recognised as a concern in development of a high yielding cost effective production method. Methods for high yielding intracellular accumulation or secretion of ribotoxins are described. Use of protease deficient strains and other methods of minimising breakdown of ribotoxin by protease are preferred. Vectors and host strains for use in the methods are described.

Abstract: A herbicidal compound of formula (I): ##STR1## or N-oxide or quaternised derivative thereof; Ar is an optionally substituted aryl or heterocyclic ring system;W is O or NR.sup.1 where R.sup.1 is H or lower alkyl;A, B, D are independently selected from N, NR.sup.2, N--E, CR.sup.6, C--E or C(R.sup.6)E;wherein E is: ##STR2## provided 2 of A, B and D are N, NR.sup.2 or N--E; one of A, B and D is CR.sup.6, C--E or C(R.sup.6) E and at least one of A, B or D carries a group E;where R.sup.2 is H, OR.sup.7, CN, COOR.sup.8, alkyl or haloalkyl;R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are independently selected from H, optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl, halogen, NR.sup.9 R.sup.10, or R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 together with the carbon to which they are attached form an optically substituted alkenyl or cycloalkyl group;X is (CH.sub.2).sub.n, CH.dbd.CH, CH(OR.sup.16)CH.sub.2 or COCH.sub.2 where n is O, 1 or 2;R.sup.5 is CO.sub.2 R.sup.11, CN, COR.sup.11, CH(OH)R.sup.11, CH(OR.sup.11)R.sup.12, CSNH.sub.2, COSR.sup.11, CSOR.sup.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a polycyclic dye of Formula (1): ##STR1## by reacting a compound of Formula (2): ##STR2## with a benzofuranone of the Formula (3): ##STR3## wherein: Ring A is unsubstituted or is substituted by from one to three groups;Ring B is unsubstituted, apart from the nitro group, or is substituted by one or two further groups;R is H, optionally substituted alkyl or optionally substituted aryl; andZ is an oxyammonium group, and certain novel compounds of Formula (2) are disclosed.The process provides a convenient route to polycyclic dyes which are useful for the coloration of synthetic textile materials particularly polyesters.

Abstract: Plant cells are transformed by bringing them into contact with a a multiplicity of needle-like bodies on which the cells may be impaled. This causes a rupture in the cell wall allowing entry of transforming DNA either from a surrounding liquid medium or of DNA previously bound to or otherwise entrapped in the needle-like projections.

Abstract: Novel substituted pyrazolo-rings fused to nitrogen containing heterocyclic rings having the following formula ##STR1## in which at least one of Y, Z or W is N or N-O and the remainder of Y, Z or W is C-R wherein the variables are as defined in the specification; and agriculturally acceptable salts thereof.

Abstract: A colorant of Formula (1): ##STR1## wherein: L is a metal cation or hydrogen;Pc is a phthalocyanine radical having a valency from 3 to 4;R.sup.1 is H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, aralkyl or substituted aralkyl;R.sup.2 is H, alkyl, alkoxy, halo or an optionally substituted amino group;M.sup.+ is NH.sub.4.sup.+ or a substituted annonium cation; and(t+q) is from 3 to 4 inclusive;with the proviso that the group CO.sub.2 -M.sup.+ is at the 2-, 3-, 5- or 6-position in Formula (1).

Abstract: A photopolymerisable composition comprising a polymerisable olefinically unsaturated compound and a photoinitiator composition(a) a photoinitiator comprising an anthraquinone compound having in the 2-position a substituent of the formula:--X COR.sup.1wherein R.sup.1 represents an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl radical and X represents ##STR1## wherein R.sup.2 represents hydrogen or an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl radical, and(b) a hydrogen donor capable of reducing the photoinitiator when the latter is in an excited state.

Abstract: A polycylic dye of the Formula (1): ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.1 is --OSO.sub.2 R in which R is optionally substituted alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, alkoxyaryl, cycloalkyl or heteroaryl;Ring A is unsubstituted or is substituted by from one to three groups; andRing B is unsubstituted or is substituted by one or two groups in addition to the group R.sup.1.Dyes of the present invention are useful for the coloration of textile materials particularly synthetic textile materials such as polyester, dye mixtures comprising a polycyclic dye of Formula (1) and a different polycyclic dye or an azo dye show improved build-up on polyester material.