Abstract: A grounded terminal of a motor driver for controlling an actuator motor is connected to a ground terminal of a control unit through a grounded wire, and therefore connected to a grounded point. Since a ground wire of the stabilized power supply circuit is connected to the ground wire of the control unit, the stabilized power-supply circuit also has its ground connected with the grounded point disposed outside the control unit. A cut-wire avoidance diode is connected between the ground wire of the stabilized power supply circuit and a power transistor unit in a manner such that its cathode is connected to the power transistor unit, which enables the stabilized power-supply circuit to remain grounded even when the control unit is disconnected from the grounded point.

Abstract: There is provided a swash plate compressor which ensures reduction of pulsation of refrigerant gas during operation thereof and at the same time enhances mechanical efficiency of the compressor. Refrigerant gas delivered from front-side compression chambers is introduced into a front-side discharge chamber, and refrigerant gas delivered from rear-side compression chambers is introduced into a rear-side discharge chamber. At least two refrigerant outlet passages each arranged in a fashion parallel with a plurality of cylinder bores which extend longitudinally through a cylinder block communicate the front-side discharge chamber with the rear-side discharge chamber. A discharge port which is formed in a head secured to a front-side end or rear-side end of the cylinder block permits the refrigerant gas within the front-side and rear-side discharge chambers to be discharged out of the head. One of the at least two refrigerant outlet passages is communicated with the discharge port.

Abstract: A refrigerant compressor includes a drive shaft, a pulley fixedly fitted on the drive shaft, over which is passed a torque-transmitting member for transmitting torque from an external drive source to the drive shaft, and a compression rotational member mounted on the drive shaft for rotation in unison with the drive shaft to enable compression of a refrigerant gas. The pulley has a rim in the form of a hollow cylinder, over which is passed the torque-transmitting member, a boss which is fixedly fitted on the drive shaft, and a support member connecting the rim and the boss. A breakaway portion is provided in the support member or the drive shaft for breaking to disconnect the torque-transmitting member from the compression rotational member when a load torque larger than a predetermined value is applied to the breakaway portion.

Abstract: The present invention offers a simple structure that facilitates the mounting of bearings, that maintains lubricating oil at a sufficient level in the bearing portions and that maintains an optimal distance between a rotor and a case housing for preventing freezing, for preventing reduction of the capacity and for preventing noise. Bearing stoppers provided between the bearings of the brushless motor and the bearing holders, which hold the upper end edge of each bearing, are secured at a projection formed at the internal circumferential surface of each bearing holder. A felt, which comes in contact with the lower portion of each bearing stopper and also comes in contact with the bearing at one side is provided, with holes communicating with the felt formed at the lower surface of the bearing stopper. In addition, the lower limit of the distance h between the lower end of the rotor and the upper end surface of the case housing is set at 1.5 mm.

Abstract: An apparatus for driving an electromagnetic load by applying a high voltage at the initial driving stage and thereafter applying a constant hold current is provided with a switch for supplying high-voltage energy to the electromagnetic load from a capacitor for storing high-voltage energy and a control circuit responsive to an electric signal for starting electromagnetic load driving and the output voltage of the capacitor. The control circuit turns the switch on at application of the electric signal and keeps it on until the output voltage reaches a prescribed level. The apparatus of this configuration enables optimum timing of changeover from high-voltage application mode operation to hold mold operation with simple circuitry.

Abstract: A guide hole extending axially, a valve seat and an injection port are coaxially formed on an elongated valve body in this order toward a distal end of the valve body. A pressurized fuel is introduced into a basal end of the guide hole. A valve element is slidably received in the guide hole of the valve body. Inclined passages are formed in one of the valve element and the valve body. When the valve element is lifted, the pressurized fuel flows, as a swirling current, between a valve portion and the valve seat, proceeds toward an exit of the injection port while swirling along an inner peripheral surface of the injection port, and is injected from the injection port. When the valve element is in the fully lifted position, an orifice for restricting an amount of fuel injected from the injection port per unit time is formed between the valve portion and the valve seat.

Abstract: In a heat exchanger which comprises by alternately laminating a plurality of tubes 2, 2 and fins 3, 3, communicatively connecting a header tank 4 to both ends of the laminated tubes, forming slits 11 at required points in the header tanks, and providing partition plates 9 in the slits to flow a heat-exchanging medium; recesses 12 are formed on the inner faces of the header tanks and near the slits where the partition plates 9 are positioned, and the partition plates 9 are provided with projections 15 to correspond with the recesses 12. Walls 4a, which are crushed when the partition plate 9 is inserted, are formed between the recess 12 and the slit 11.

Abstract: In order to enable switching of a direct current brushless motor to sensorless operation in a very short time by a device of simple configuration, the application to a commutator section of external sync signals for accelerating the rotor is stopped upon passage of a fixed time after the start of application. The fixed time is set to one necessary and sufficient for the rotor to reach a speed sufficient for enabling sensorless operation. After the application is stopped, the commutator section is controlled to commutate drive current to the drive windings according to the rotor position by commutation control signals output by a position feedback drive signal generator using sensorless signals from a position detection circuit based on back electromotive force voltages generated in the drive windings.

Abstract: In an R-C filter for preventing a noise signal from entering a power supply system through its output circuit, a circuit component acting as a resistive element for the filter is connected in series with the output circuit and a capacitive element is connected between one portion of the circuit component and ground to form an R-C type filter. A wiring member, a printed wiring foil, a through-hole member, a semiconductor device or other such circuit component can be used, as the circuit component acting as the resistive element for constituting the R-C type filter.

Abstract: A high-pressure fuel injection system which has a fuel injection unit including an injector, a fuel pump for supplying a high-pressure fuel to the fuel injection unit, a motor for driving the fuel pump, a PID controller for controlling the operation of the motor, a device for measuring an actual fuel pressure in the fuel injection unit, a device for calculating a deviation of the actual fuel pressure from a predetermined desired fuel pressure and for inputting the deviation to the PID controller as an actuating signal, and a device for calculating a desired fuel injection quantity per injection from input signals indicating an engine speed, an accelerator opening, etc. A manipulated variable which is given as an output from the PID controller is supplied to the motor as an input to control the motor.

Abstract: A flat tube for use in a parallel flow type heat exchanger is formed by bending a single plate. The plate of a predetermined width is wound in a roll form and the plate is continuously drawn out from the roll. The continuously drawn out plate is provided with a projected portion which is swollen in a direction opposite the bending direction of the plate, the projected portion is pre-formed by a pair of vertically arranged forming rolls before the plate is bent. Thereafter, the plate is gradually bent, with the projected portion being the center, with increased bending angles by bending rolls provided at a plurality of stages, and the ends of the plate are butted to each other. Then, the projected portion is crushed by a mold roll while the ends of the plate are in the butted state, and thus formed tube is cut into a predetermined length thereby the flat tube is manufactured.

Abstract: A brushless motor includes features that prevent jolting or shaking of a rotating shaft by urging the rotating shaft in one direction and have a simple construction and can heighten the mechanical strength of a portion holding the rotating shaft in order to lower noise. The brushless motor having a rotor having magnets and a rotating shaft, a stator for generating a rotating magnetic field with respect to the rotor, an exciting coil wound on the stator for receiving electrical power and for generating the magnetic field, and a holding plate including a magnetic member mounted in a position facing permanent magnets of the rotor. Accordingly, jolting or shaking of the rotating shaft can be prevented by urging the rotor and the rotating shaft toward the holding plate in order to attract the holding plate by the magnetic power of the magnets due to mounting the holding plate in a position facing the magnets of the rotor.

Abstract: In a laminated heat exchanger provided with tanks only on one side, which is constituted by laminating tube elements alternately with fins over a plurality of levels, a flange portion projecting out toward the fins is provided in each formed plate constituting the tube elements at an end portion on the opposite side from the tanks, and the flange portions facing opposite each other between the individual tube elements are made to face opposite each other over gaps. A notch is formed in each flange portion. For different types of formed plates, the notches are at positions shifted relative to one another in the direction of the width of the core main body along the direction of airflow. A notch may be formed at any position and be of any size in the flange portion.

Abstract: A solenoid fuel injection valve includes a face-type armature 32 having a coupling section 37 coupled with the needle valve 10 and a flat section 36. The armature 32 is accommodated in an armature chamber 38 and the flat section 36 partitions the armature chamber 38 into an upper armature chamber 39 and a lower armature chamber 40. A fuel passage (peripheral fuel passage 41) for communicating the upper armature chamber 39 and the lower armature chamber 40 is provided at a location other than the flat section 36 of the armature 32. The provision of the peripheral fuel passage 41 in this manner prevents bouncing of the needle valve 10 during valve opening, suppresses secondary injection, reduces noise especially during valve opening, and stabilizes the operation of the needle valve 10 during valve closing.

Abstract: In an inner cam type injection pump, the side surface of the protruding portion of each of the plungers facing the compression space is formed in a projecting shape in the area where the plunger changes from the base end side into the front end. Specific forms of the projection include a structure constituted with slanted surfaces over a plurality of stages with different inclinations relative to the axis of the plunger, an arc form and a structure provided with a overhanging portion formed on the side surface of the protruding portion, which does not overhang the base end, projecting out from the side surface. This will prevent collision at the shoulder portion of the plunger and, consequently, prevent the deformation at the shoulder portion and ensures that plungers will not have sliding failures or become seized. Even when plungers collide, the sliding of the plungers will not be affected, ensuring that plungers do not have sliding failures or become seized.

Abstract: A vane for a vane compressor comprises an aluminum based metal and a clad of a ferrous metal provided on the surface of the aluminum base metal. The vane is formed by joining a pipe of the ferrous metal onto the surface of the aluminum based basis pressing process.

Abstract: In a disclosed center differential, a front sun gear and a rear sun gear are received within a housing such that they are coaxial with a rotational axis of the housing. The pair of sun gears have helical teeth respectively. The helical teeth of the rear sun gear is helically twisted in a direction for generating a force for urging the rear sun gear toward a rear end wall of the housing when the vehicle makes a turn in its coast driving mode. A front friction generating mechanism is interposed between the front end wall of the housing and the front sun gear, and a rear friction generating mechanism is interposed between the rear end wall of the housing and the rear sun gear. A friction torque transmitted between the housing and the rear sun gear through the rear friction generating mechanism when the vehicle makes a turn in its coast driving mode is larger than a friction torque transmitted between the housing and the front sun gear through the front friction generating mechanism.

Abstract: A parallel-axis torque-proportioning differential has four pairs of planet gears arranged symmetrically-but-non-equiangularly about a common axis in two mirror-image gear sets separated by angular spacings adequate to permit access for C-clip assembly. A thrust-block, positioned between the opposed end faces of the sun/side gears, is not supported in a housing window but rather is supported on the outer circumferential surfaces of four planet gears, two from of each set, so that the housing window can be significantly larger than the thrust-block, thus increasing lubrication and lessening the cost and weight of the housing and reducing the weight of the required thrust-block. Also, the thrust-block may include two side-by-side mating members separated by a spring element to exert a preload force between the opposed end faces of the side gears.

Abstract: A method for navigating with a vehicle navigation system using recognition of geographical region types in a map database. The system's map database stores information representative of a plurality of geographical region types. A geographical region type of a geographical region in which the navigation algorithm is operating is determined. At least one parameter related to the navigation algorithm is then set to correspond to the geographical region type. Navigation is performed using the navigation algorithm. Throughout the operation of the navigation algorithm, the system repeatedly determines whether the geographical region type has changed, and if so, changes the algorithm parameter(s) to correspond to the new geographical region type.