Abstract: Concepts and technologies disclosed herein are directed to pictograms as digitally recognizable tangible controls. According to one aspect disclosed herein, a user system can include a processing component and a memory component. The memory component can include instructions of a pictogram digitization module. The user system can capture, via a camera component, an image containing a pictogram that is a digitally recognizable tangible manifestation of a digital control. The user system can determine, via the pictogram digitization module, the digital control associated with the pictogram. The user system can implement, via the pictogram digitization module, the digital control. The digital control can include a digital content, an action, or a context. The user system can create, via the pictogram digitization module, a digital interface that includes the digital control. In some embodiments, the pictogram includes a formal pictogram. In other embodiments, the pictogram includes an informal pictogram.

Abstract: Architectures and techniques are presented that can provide point-to-point analysis to generate an improved signal strength prediction (SSP) based on, e.g., earth surface image data processing and analysis to draw conclusions of line of sight (LOS) along the propagation path between a BTS or another AP transmitter and CPE receiver. For example, USGS image data and/or elevation data of locations are identified to correspond to signal propagation between the transmitter and receiver can be analyzed for LOS signal quality at a fixed location, in addition to the statistical model prediction of the RF signal quality. As a result, foliage or terrain that obstructs the LOS can be identified and utilized to improve SSP by eliminating the additional pathloss due to LOS obstructions. Such can provide a significant improvement to SSP results that are conventionally predicted by statistical models rather than a point-to-point analysis.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, generating a management manifest for a network function (NF) software application, wherein the NF software application is to be deployed in a cloud computing environment, based on the generating the management manifest, deriving a software package that includes the NF software application and the management manifest, and causing the software package to be outputted for deployment in the cloud computing environment, wherein inclusion of the management manifest with the NF software application in the software package facilitates utilization of the management manifest for monitoring and management of a system that results from deployment of the NF software application in the cloud computing environment. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, receiving, at a device, a message over a communication network from a remote source, determining if the message includes executable code and initiating a virtual machine in an isolated portion of the memory of the device responsive to the determining the message include executable code. Aspects of the subject disclosure further include executing, by the virtual machine, the executable code within the isolated portion of the memory, monitoring, by an artificial intelligence module, activities of the executable code during the executing the executable code and determining if the executable code comprises malicious code responsive to the monitoring activities of the executable code. Aspects of the disclosure further include deleting the executable code from the device in response to a determination that the executable code comprises malicious code. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Concepts and technologies are disclosed herein for communications network security for handling proxy voice calls that employ a voicebot. According to one aspect disclosed herein, a call handling system can intercept, from a communications network, a call request that is directed to a called target device. The call handling system can determine that the call request was generated by a voicebot on behalf of a user equipment. The call handling system can suspend the call request from being routed to the called target device. The call handling system can generate a voicebot confirmation request that identifies the voicebot and the user equipment. The call handling system can provide the voicebot confirmation request to the called target. The call request can be suspended while the voicebot confirmation request is provided to the called target device.

Abstract: Concepts and technologies are disclosed herein for creating and using native virtual probes in computing environments. A request for a service that includes a virtual function can be received, where the virtual function is to be monitored by a native virtual probe. An image of the service can be obtained, where the image can include a first image component for the virtual function and a second image component for the native virtual probe. The image can be deployed. Deployment of the image can result in instantiation of the virtual function on a computing device and instantiation of the native virtual probe on the computing device.

Abstract: A system that incorporates teachings of the present disclosure may include, for example, a processing system that analyses, without user intervention, content of a first message directed from equipment of a sending user to equipment of a receiving user, to identify a task. The processing system determines that the receiving user is unable to perform the task according to biometric data of the receiving user. The biometric data is selected from one of heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and combinations thereof. According to the content of the first message and the biometric data obtained from the receiving user, the processing system determines that the task should be delegated to another user, and responsive thereto, provides a second message associated with the task to equipment of the other user. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: The described technology is generally directed towards a frequency-aware cellular communication network. A mobile device, or a radio access network (RAN) device at a base station in communication with the mobile device, can proactively notify a core network device regarding changes of a frequency band used for communications between the mobile device and the base station. The core network can use received notifications to adjust service provided to the mobile device.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, identifying a first sensitivity level associated with a first data item, comparing the first sensitivity level to a first threshold, resulting in a first comparison, selecting a first device based on the first comparison, transmitting the first data item to the first device based on the selecting of the first device, identifying a second sensitivity level associated with a second data item, wherein the second sensitivity level is different from the first sensitivity level, comparing the second sensitivity level to a second threshold, resulting in a second comparison, selecting a second device based on the second comparison, wherein the second device is different from the first device, and transmitting the second data item to the second device based on the selecting of the second device. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, receiving, over an uplink (UL) via a combination of coherent modular antenna arrays, first transmissions from a first user equipment (UE) and second transmissions from a second UE, wherein the first UE and the second UE are being served by the cell in multi-user (Mu)-multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) mode, determining, based on the first transmissions and the second transmissions, that a probability of the second UE interfering with the first UE in the UL satisfies a particular threshold, responsive to the determining, identifying an adjustment to an UL transmit power for the first UE, and causing the first UE to implement the adjustment to the UL transmit power. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, a surveying system operable to receive a plurality of electromagnetic waves via a guided wave transceiver that include environmental data collected via a plurality of sensors at a plurality of remote sites. Weather pattern data is generated based on the environmental data. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: The disclosed technology is directed towards managing the establishment and maintenance of communication connectivity between a device and service. Condition data can indicate when to initiate a state change of a connection between a device and a server. Current device conditions associated with the device are evaluated to determine whether to initiate a state change, e.g., from a connected state to a paused state, or vice-versa. The connectivity may be managed per connection type, e.g., cellular versus Wi-Fi, and on a per-application basis, e.g., turned on for a social media application, off for mail and messaging applications. Settings can be used to manage connectivity for an application, e.g., sometimes connected, sometimes paused based on information specific to that application. Trends, user practices and schedule data can be used to predict and manage connectivity, as well as to notify the user to take some action.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for session management in a wireless network are disclosed. For example, a user endpoint (UE) device, sends a request for a session internet protocol (IP) address assignment using an interface IP address, configures the UE device with the session IP address, provides to a controller an association of the interface and session IP addresses, and receives packets addressed to the session IP address via an access network entity associated with the interface IP address. In one example, a controller receives an association of an interface IP address with a session IP address from an attached UE device, provides to a network node an update on a route to reach the session IP address through the interface IP address, identifies an active interface IP address to receive packets, and configures an open flow switch or router for routing the packets towards the active interface IP address.

Abstract: An architecture for surveillance of hybrid fiber coaxial (HFC) 5th generation (5G) Long Term Evolution (LTE) small cell devices using mobile edge computing techniques hosted by a HFC device is disclosed. A method can comprise receiving first data representing a quality of service value associated with a small cell device of a first group of 5G small cell devices; retrieving second data representing a historical quality of service value associated with a second group of 5G small cell devices; as a function of the first data and the second data, generating a change value for the small cell device; and based on the change value, facilitating an adjustment in an operation of the small cell device.

Abstract: Core network slices that belong to a given operator community are efficiently tracked at the network control/user plane functions level, with rich data analytics in real-time based on their geographic instantiations. In one aspect, an enhanced vendor agnostic orchestration mechanism is utilized to connect a unified management layer with an integrated slice-components data analytics engine (SDAE), a slice performance engine (SPE), and a network slice selection function (NSSF) in a closed-loop feedback system with the serving network functions of one or more core network slices. The tight-knit orchestration mechanism provides economies of scale to mobile carriers in optimal deployment and utilization of their critical core network resources while serving their customers with superior quality.

Abstract: A mobile secure agent on a wireless device executes one or more authenticated data collection profiles provisioned by a private profile producer. Each data package can only be transmitted to a collector certificated by the same private profile producer. Update profiles are signed and provisioned through a tunnel initiated from the mobile secure agent. A Certificate Authority provides libraries, anchors, and certificates in a key management message module to each mobile secure agent which enables revocation and replacement of certificates. Data stored in this way on a wireless device may only be transmitted in encrypted form to an authenticated destination.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, a method including obtaining an advertisement package, wherein the advertisement package defines an interactive extended reality advertisement and includes a plurality of optional features; obtaining information about a user, their equipment, and their environment; creating an interactive extended reality advertisement by choosing a selected feature of the plurality of optional features according to the user information; and presenting the interactive extended reality advertisement to the user equipment. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: The concepts and technologies disclosed herein are directed to venue seat assignment based upon hearing profiles. According to one aspect of the concepts and technologies disclosed herein, a device can include a processor and a memory. The device can receive a request to upload a hearing profile, and can upload the hearing profile to a seat assignment system. The device can receive, from the seat assignment system, a customized seating chart based, at least in part, upon the hearing profile. The customized seating chart can include a visual representation of at least a portion of seating in a venue. The device can select, from the customized seating chart, a seat from the portion of the seating in the venue. This selection can be made automatically or based upon user input.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatuses may determine a connection topology for a service and send an alert in which the alert includes a service connection topology that includes a plurality of port assignments for each equipment of the connection topology.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, transmitting a first identifier associated with a processing system to a communication device, transmitting first data to the communication device, obtaining, from the communication device and based on the transmitting of the first identifier and the first data, a first directive, wherein the first directive directs the processing system to utilize a first radio access technology for a first communication session, and utilizing, based on the first directive, the first radio access technology for the first communication session. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, a device having a processing system including a processor; and a memory that stores executable instructions that, when executed by the processing system, facilitate performance of operations including receiving encrypted hypertext transport protocol (HTTPS) traffic including media content; separating the HTTPS traffic into audio segments and video segments; calculating a size for each audio segment in the HTTPS traffic; maintaining a sliding window of a plurality of sizes of consecutive audio segments to form a fingerprint; and identifying the media content by matching the fingerprint with a reference in a catalog. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: The technologies described herein are generally directed to using dynamically layered beamformed control signals in a fifth generation (5G) network or other next generation networks. For example, a method described herein can include, identifying a group of different directions radiating from beamforming antenna equipment of base station equipment. The method can further include facilitating transmitting a first beamformed signal according to a first direction of the group of different directions. Further, the method can include facilitating transmitting a second beamformed signal according to a second direction of the group of different directions, with the second direction being selected based on a sequence of directions, and where transmitting beamformed signals to the group of different directions is based on the sequence of directions can facilitate establishment of wireless coverage for a corresponding geographic area.

Abstract: In one example, the present disclosure describes a device, computer-readable medium, and method for proactively adjusting the infrastructure of a communications network in response to reporting of real-time network performance. For instance, in one example, a method includes obtaining real-time network performance metrics directly from a user endpoint device operated by a customer of a telecommunication service provider network, correlating the real-time network performance metrics with data from another data source, wherein the data includes data other than network performance metrics, and adjusting an infrastructure of the telecommunication service provider network in response to an insight gleaned through the correlating.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, obtaining sensor data that includes an image of a projection environment, determining physical objects portrayed within the image, and characterizing physical properties of the physical objects according to the sensor data to obtain a characterization. A first target object of the physical objects having a first projection surface is identified according to the characterization, and a source image is modified according to the first projection surface. The modified image is provided to a projector adapted to project the modified image onto the first projection surface. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Devices, computer-readable media, and methods for changing the state of a network-connected device in response to at least one facial gesture of a user are disclosed. For example, a processing system including at least one processor captures images of a face of a user, detects at least one facial gesture of the user from the images, determines an intention to change a state of a network-connected device from the at least one facial gesture, generates a command for the network-connected device in accordance with the intention, and outputs the command to cause the state of the network-connected device to change.

Abstract: A routing structure is defined for provider edge (PE) routers that will create the ability to recompute best paths based on application criteria. The routing structure may include the use of a network controller which is connected with the internet to receive requests from applications to trigger path re-computation. The controller will peer with PEs to send re-computation information used by the PE to construct an application-aware BGP table and forwarding instance. The PE also defines a new BGP and packet filter to replicate specific BGP paths into the application-aware table. The application-aware BGP and forwarding instance is unique to the requesting application. Thus, each request with a different source/destination combination obtains a discrete table providing separation. When a packet enters the PE from customer edge (CE) or core interface the packet traverses a packet filter that when matched against source/destination is redirected to the appropriate application-aware forwarding table.

Abstract: Connecting user equipment (UE) to an application can be managed based on UE movement and location. During data session between UE and application, a communication management component (CMC) associated with anchor network component (ANC) or serving network component (SNC) determines UE location, and connects UE to the ANC and SNC, which enables access of the application via a data network associated with ANC. As UE moves, CMC tracks UE movement and communication conditions. If, when UE is at second location, a communication condition breaches threshold level, CMC determines whether interruption of the data session is permitted. If not, CMC determines whether there is a local SNC in proximity to second location. If there is, CMC can switch UE from SNC to local SNC, which can access local application content via local data network associated with application. If interruption permitted, UE deactivates and reactivates to connect to local ANC.

Abstract: The described technology is generally directed towards adaptively selecting a repetition level in wireless communications, based on events to improve coverage range via the repetition level while not unnecessarily reducing throughput. One such event can include a current signal-to-noise-ratio, e.g., as reported in a channel quality indicator report from a user equipment. Another such event can comprise a number of consecutive hybrid automatic repeat request acknowledgments or negative acknowledgments (HARQ ACKS/NACKS), in which consecutive ACKs tend to indicate good signal quality, while consecutive NACKs tend to indicate poor signal quality. A combination of channel quality indicator-based adaptive repetition level and HARQ ACK/NACK-based adaptive repetition level can be employed.

Abstract: Adjusting a network path between a user equipment and a network edge cloud instance is disclosed. The adjustment of the network path can be based on performance of the network path. The performance of the network path can be ranked, based on performance, against other network paths. In an embodiment, the other network paths can be between the user equipment and the network edge cloud instance. Additionally, the other network paths can be between the user equipment and another network edge cloud instance that can be located remotely from the network edge cloud instance. In an embodiment, a recommendation can be provided to a cloud service provider to enable the cloud service provider to adjust a characteristic of an application or service performed by a network edge cloud instance. The disclosed subject matter can provide advantages over conventional cloud instances that are typically supported on a device located distant from a network device operated by a network provider.

Abstract: Autonomous unmanned aerial vehicle management service may provide a platform to manage groups of unmanned aerial vehicles to work together on a task simultaneously in an autonomous manner.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, obtaining data pertaining to a plurality of user equipment and a plurality of network resources, analyzing the data to identify that a first user equipment included in the plurality of user equipment is a reduced capability device, based on the analyzing, allocating first network resources included in the plurality of network resources to the first user equipment, resulting in a first allocation, and based on the analyzing, allocating second network resources included in the plurality of network resources to a second user equipment included in the plurality of user equipment, resulting in a second allocation. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, receiving a first optical signal from a first optical network via a first port of the wavelength converter, receiving a second optical signal from a second optical network via a second port of the wavelength converter, modulating the first optical signal with the second light signal to generate a third optical signal, eliminating the first light signal from the third optical signal to generate a fourth optical signal, and transmitting the fourth optical signal through the second optical network. The first optical signal can include a first digital signal modulated onto a first light signal of a first wavelength, the second optical signal can include a second light signal can include a second wavelength different from the first wavelength, and the fourth optical signal can include the first digital signal modulated onto the second light signal. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: A biometrics hub may establish a session with a first biometric device, receive first biometric data of a user from the first biometric device, establish a session with a second biometric device, receive second biometric data of the user from the second biometric device, and store the first biometric data and the second biometric data at the biometrics hub. The biometrics hub may further detect a power event associated with at least one of the first biometric device or the second biometric device, and change, in response to detecting the power event, a schedule for processing at least one of the first biometric data or the second biometric data.

Abstract: A system for delaying or inhibiting data is provided in order to shorten the time required for a reselection process from a first communication protocol to a second communication protocol. Reselection from the first communication protocol to the second communication protocol (e.g., 3G to 4G) requires a period of time without data transfers to allow the reselection to complete. The system delays or inhibits data transfers on the mobile device until the reselection process completes or the mobile device is idle for a predetermined length of time. In an embodiment, the system can buffer outgoing data and then send the data once the reselection has completed. In other embodiments, the system can drop packet sessions or ignore incoming packet pages. In another embodiment, the system can delay or inhibit data based on the priority of the data.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, detecting a user operating a cross reality headset, receiving a first location of the cross reality headset, providing image content and audio content to the cross reality headset, and receiving a second location of the cross reality headset. Further embodiments can include determining the cross reality headset is stationary based on the first location and the second location resulting in a determination, and providing instructions to the cross reality headset to adjust positioning the image content on a display of the cross reality headset and to provide the audio content according to the determination resulting in an adjustment of the positioning of the image content. The cross reality headset presents the image content according to the adjustment on the display. The cross reality headset provides the audio content. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Devices, computer-readable media, and methods for automatically configuring network elements in multi-vendor and multi-domain topologies. In one example, a method includes determining a need of a communications network, where a topology of the communications network includes a plurality of network functions from at least two different vendors, predicting a subset of the plurality of network functions and respective configuration parameter values for network functions in the subset, that are expected to support the need of the communications network, and modifying the configurations of the network functions in the subset to reflect the respective configuration parameter values.

Abstract: Example mobile devices disclosed herein include a camera, memory including computer-executable instructions, and a processor to execute the instructions to at least associate a location of the mobile device with picture data obtained with the camera. The processor is also to assign a first data tag to the picture data when the location of the mobile device corresponds to a first area, the first data tag to identify a first security level for the picture data, or assign a second data tag to the picture data when the location of the mobile device does not correspond to the first area, the second data tag to identify a second security level for the picture data. The processor is further to determine whether to permit an application to access the picture data based on whether the first data tag or the second data tag is assigned to the picture data.

Abstract: A processing system including at least one processor may obtain a machine learning model, serialize the machine learning model into a serialized format, and embed a delimiter indicator into a documentation file comprising information regarding the use of the machine learning model, where the delimiter indicator is in a file position that is after an end-of-file indicator of the documentation file. The processing system may further embed the machine learning model in the serialized format into the documentation file in a file position that is after the delimiter indicator. The processing system may then store the documentation file with the delimiter indicator and the machine learning model in the serialized format that are embedded.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, a method for spherical video streaming over a network by a processing system including a processor, the method including prefetching audio data for rendering the spherical video; determining whether there is a single source or a plurality of sources of audio in the audio data; responsive to a determination that there is only one dominant source of the audio in the audio data, prefetching video data in a field of view centered on spatial coordinates of the dominant source of audio; responsive to a determination that there is the plurality of sources of the audio in the audio data, sorting the plurality of sources of the audio according to an estimated sound source energy for each source in the plurality of sources, thereby creating a sorted list of the plurality of sources; and prefetching video data in plural fields of view centered on spatial coordinates of each audio source in the sorted list of the plurality of sources, wherein the prefetching is

Abstract: A delay doppler domain transformation can be used to estimate characteristics of a channel between a base station and a user equipment or alternatively, between the user equipment and another user equipment. Thus, the velocity and the distance position of the user equipment can be calculated. For example, a signal received in the time-frequency domain, can be converted to the delay doppler domain by the base station. In response to the conversion, the base station can estimate the velocity of the user equipment. The velocity can be utilized by various applications. For example, the velocity can be utilized to alert the other user equipment to the location or an anticipated location of the user equipment.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, a network API service that receives network event data and provides performance hints to a resource manager that manages application containers at edge cloud locations. Network event data may be received from access networks, core networks, nodes within access networks or core networks, or the like. Performance hints may allow booting of application containers at edge cloud locations. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, receiving information about a content item of interest to a content consumer, determining a context of the content consumer, curating a summary segment for the content consumer based on the context of the content consumer, and presenting the summary segment to the content consumer at a context-appropriate time and in a context-appropriate manner to orient the content consumer to the content item of interest at a current viewing time of the content consumer. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: A domain and a mobile device may exchange data via a radio access node included in a mobile network. During a time of peak demand, a data load level of the radio access node may exceed a threshold. To accommodate the peak demand, historical types and volumes of data may be used to manage a data rate related to data associated with the domain. Based on the historical information, the data rate for a mobile device, a radio access node, a range of time, or a data type may be controlled. The data rate may be managed by a network gateway, such as a gateway included in the mobile network.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, a device having a processing system including a processor; and a memory that stores executable instructions that, when executed by the processing system, facilitate performance of operations including facilitating activation of a first module for a wireless system; integrating the first module into the wireless system; checking for errors during the integration of the first module in the wireless system; responsive to a determination that the integrating of the first module is error free, placing the wireless system in an operational state; and receiving an operational error code from an originating module. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, receiving information about a task to be completed by a user, receiving information about the user and receiving information about a physical environment of the user. The subject disclosure may further include creating one or more immersion objects based on the information about the task, the information about the user and the information about the physical environment, creating an immersive environment including the one or more immersive objects and at least a portion of the physical environment of the user, and communicating to an extended reality (XR) device of the user information about the immersive environment to create an immersive experience for completion of the task by the user. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, a device that has a processing system including a processor; and a memory that stores executable instructions that, when executed by the processing system, facilitate performance of operations, including receiving a request for an observation of an overhead viewing area from an observer location; discovering an interference of a satellite with the observation of the overhead viewing area; determining possible solutions to the interference; selecting a solution of the possible solutions; receiving the observation from one or more satellites responding to the solution selected; and providing a response to the request including the observation received. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: The concepts and technologies disclosed herein are directed to a website verification service. A system can receive, from a web server that hosts a website, a query for a set of authentication credentials (“credentials”) to be used to verify that the website is trustworthy. The system can generate and provide the credentials to the web server. The web server can, in turn, provide the credentials to a web browser device for presentation to a user via a web browser application executing on the web browser device. The system also can provide the credentials to a verifier device. The verifier device can present the credentials to the user via a verifier application executing on the verifier device. The user can compare the credentials presented via the web browser application to the credentials presented via the verifier application executing on the verifier device to determine whether the website can be trusted.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, detecting an interruption of a supply of operating power to a cell site of a cellular communication network, estimating an estimated time to restoration (ETR) of the supply of operating power to the cell site, wherein the estimating is based on information of an operator of the cellular communication network, determining, based in part on the ETR, to dispatch a portable generator to the cell site to provide a new supply of operating power to the cell site, and initiating a communication to dispatch the portable generator. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: A call challenger can receive a user input from a called party identity to opt-in to a call challenge service, and a second user input of a keyword. When the call challenger receives a call directed to a user equipment of the called party identity, the call challenger can prompt the calling party to provide an audible response. In response to a receipt of the audible response, the call challenger can convert the audible response to a text. The call challenger can compare the text with the keyword to determine if there is a sufficient match. In response to the determining the output of the comparing does not satisfy a threshold match score, the call challenger can prevent the call from connecting with the user equipment.

Abstract: The technologies described herein are generally directed toward facilitating indicating frequency and time domain resources in communication systems with multiple transmission points. According to an embodiment, a system can comprise a processor and a memory that can store executable instructions that, when executed by the processor, facilitate performance of operations. The operations can include determining a first and a second transmission resource to use for transmission of a signal to a user device by, respectively, a first and a second network node. The operations can further include determining that the first and the second transmission resource comprise a same transmission resource. The operations can further include communicating, to a user equipment, a value corresponding to the first transmission resource and an indication that the first and the second transmission resource comprise the same transmission resource.