Abstract: A method, apparatus, and computer instructions for managing threads. A kernel thread associated with a user thread is detected as being unneeded by the user thread. The kernel thread is semi-detached in which data for the thread does not change stacks in response to the kernel thread being unneeded.

Abstract: Apparatus, methods and systems are described for controlling flow of data between first and second data processing systems via a memory. In an example embodiment, the apparatus comprises descriptor logic for generating a plurality of descriptors including a frame descriptor defining a data packet to be communicated between a location in the memory and the second data processing system, and a pointer descriptor identifying the location in the memory. The apparatus also comprises a descriptor table for storing the descriptors generated by the descriptor logic for access by the first and second data processing system.

Abstract: A circuitized substrate and a method of making the circuitized substrate is provided. The circuitized substrate includes a substrate having a substantially planar upper surface and a conductive layer positioned on the substantially planar upper surface. The conductive layer includes at least one side wall therein, defining an opening in the conductive layer. The conductive layer includes an end portion spaced from the opening, the end portion forming an acute angle with the substantially planar upper surface of the substrate. The at least one side wall is substantially perpendicular to the substantially planar upper surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A method for providing caller identification information to instant messaging communication participants can include identifying an online presence for at least a first instant messaging client and determining caller identification information for a user associated with the first instant messaging client. The caller identification information can be provided to a second instant messaging client.

Abstract: Transforming a source XML document satisfying a source DTD into a target XML document satisfying a target DTD, transforming the source XML document into a source document tree, where the source XML document satisfies a first XML grammar and the source document tree satisfies a second XML grammar; converting the source document tree into a target document tree satisfying the second XML grammar; and transforming the target document tree into the target XML document, wherein the target XML document satisfies the first XML grammar.

Abstract: A pluggable trust adapter architecture that accommodates a plurality of interceptors is provided. Each interceptor is adapted to perform security processing of communications having a specific protocol. Specifically, when a communication is received, it will be routed from a channel router to a specific interceptor based on the protocol of the communication. The interceptor will then “security” process the communication (e.g., extract data, perform verification, etc.). Once the interceptor has processed the communication, the extracted data and the communication itself will be passed to an authorization system for authorization.

Abstract: A method, computer program product, and data processing system for recognizing, tracing, diagnosing, and repairing problems in an autonomic computing system is disclosed. Rules and courses of actions to follow in logging data, in diagnosing faults (or threats of faults), and in treating faults (or threats of faults) are formulated using an adaptive inference and action system. The adaptive inference and action system includes techniques for conflict resolution that generate, prioritize, modify, and remove rules based on environment-specific information, accumulated time-sensitive data, actions taken, and the effectiveness of those actions. Thus, the present invention enables a dynamic, autonomic computing system to formulate its own strategy for self-administration, even in the face of changes in the configuration of the system.

Abstract: A memory system having a plurality of T-RAM cells arranged in an array is presented where each T-RAM cell has dual vertical devices and is fabricated over a SiC substrate. Each T-RAM cell has a vertical thyristor and a vertical transfer gate. The top surface of each thyristor is coplanar with the top surface of each transfer gate within the T-RAM array to provide a planar cell structure for the T-RAM array. A method is also presented for fabricating the T-RAM array having the vertical thyristors, the vertical transfer gates and the planar cell structure over the SiC substrate.

Abstract: Transforming a user-supplied DTD satisfying a first XML grammar into a PDTD satisfying a second XML grammar, including converting DTD declarations of alternate content to sequences, converting DTD declarations of optional content to mandatory content, converting DTD declarations of imbedded sequences to subsequences, and demoting attribute definitions of DTD elements having attributes to children of the DTD elements having attributes. Embodiments include converting recursions into repetitions, demoting imbedded compound repetitions from element declarations having imbedded compound repetitions, and demoting imbedded leaves from elements having imbedded leaves.

Abstract: A memory controller, method and program product for memory controller optimization by active re-prioritization of requests based on memory bus activity. The invention continually monitors memory bus activity and, where necessary, re-prioritizes a queue of pending memory requests. In addition, mechanisms are provided to abort an existing request on a memory bus, and interrupt an existing request to complete a pending request.

Abstract: An object state caching method can include augmenting a compiled object having at least one referenced method with conditional caching logic. The conditional caching logic can be executed in an execution environment to determine whether to execute the referenced method. If the conditional caching logic determines not to execute the referenced method, the execution of the referenced method can be bypassed. Additionally, the stored object state can be retrieved from a communicatively coupled object cache. Finally, the retrieved object state can be forwarded to a requesting process. If, however, the conditional caching logic determines to execute the referenced method, the referenced method can be executed producing the resultant object state, and, the resultant object state can be cached in the coupled object cache.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and computer instructions for providing identification and monitoring of entities. A distributed data processing system includes one or more distributed publishing entities, which publish computer readable announcements in a standard language. These announcements may contain a description of a monitoring method that may be used to monitor the behavior of one or more distributed monitored entities. These announcements also may include information used to identify a monitoring method that may be used by the distributed monitored entity to monitor its own behavior or by a distributed consumer entity to monitor the behavior of the distributed monitored entity. The monitoring also may be performed by a third-party distributed monitoring entity.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and computer instructions for updating a software component. A determination is made as to whether to update the software component. The software component is updated to form an updated software component in response to a determination to update the software component. The updated software component is automatically tested. A corrective action is performed in response to a failure in testing of the updated component.

Abstract: To guide a user in making a suitably timed start on refreshment of a battery for supplying power to a main unit by being discharged after being charged. There are provided a CPU for executing a program for diagnosis of an intelligent battery 52, an embedded controller 41 which receives an identifier from the intelligent battery 52 and outputs the identifier to the CPU, an information file in which information on dates of refreshment in a plurality of batteries are stored, and an AC adapter power stop circuit 80 for supplying/stop supplying power from an AC adapter 51 to the main unit. The CPU obtains from the information file the date information corresponding to an identifier output from the embedded controller 41 and makes determination as to necessity to perform refreshment. The AC adapter power stop circuit 80 is controlled on the basis of a refreshment instruction from the CPU to stop supply of power from the AC adapter 51 to the system main unit.

Abstract: A method, system and computer program product is provided for remotely building and delivering customized multimedia presentations. An online form is presented a to a user. The online form identifies a plurality of media clips. At least one user selected media clip is received for a customized media presentation. A customized viewing uniform resource locator (URL) is embedded in an email. The customized viewing URL contains control information identifying each received user selected media clip. The email is sent to a target end user and the control information in the customized viewing URL is used for presenting the customized multimedia presentation including each user selected media clip to the target end user.

Abstract: A method, computer program product, and data processing system for constructing a self-managing distributed computing system comprised of “autonomic elements” is disclosed. An autonomic element provides a set of services, and may provide them to other autonomic elements. Relationships between autonomic elements include the providing and consuming of such services. These relationships are “late bound,” in the sense that they can be made during the operation of the system rather than when parts of the system are implemented or deployed. They are dynamic, in the sense that relationships can begin, end, and change over time. They are negotiated, in the sense that they are arrived at by a process of mutual communication between the elements that establish the relationship.

Abstract: A plugable framework for use in the installation and uninstallation of a suite of applications. An application installer configured according to the plugable framework can include installation logic configured to copy application files to a target computing system. The installation logic also can configure the target for operation with the application. Installation diagnostic and cleanup logic can be coupled to the installation logic. The installation diagnostic logic can detect an installation failure, while the cleanup logic can remove the copied files and can reverse the configuration in response to the installation diagnostic logic detecting an installation failure. Uninstallation logic can be configured both to remove copied files from the target, and also to reverse the configuration of the target according to the terms of a specified uninstallation configuration file.

Abstract: A system and method for verifying integrity of data signals communicated from a data transmit device to a receive device over a communications channel of limited bandwidth. The method comprising steps of: a) detecting instances of idle data transmit activity at the transmit device; b) accumulating data integrity information for data transmitted over the communication channel between detected idle transmit instances, the accumulating being performed by data integrity verifier devices at both transmit and receive devices; c) communicating accumulated data integrity information for data transmitted since a last detected idle data transmit instance during a current detected idle data transmit instance; and, d) verifying accumulated data integrity information communicated over the channel at the receiver device.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method and system for preparing a document to be read by a text-to-speech reader. The method can include identifying two or more voice types available to the text-to-speech reader, identifying the text elements within the document, grouping related text elements together, and classifying the text elements according to voice types available to the text-to-speech reader. The method of grouping the related text elements together can include syntactic and intelligent clustering. The classification of text elements can include performing latent semantic analysis on the text elements and characteristics of the available voice types.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to a method, system and program product for distributing portal content processing. Specifically, a request for portal content is received on a surrogate system and then passed to a portal system. The portal system will obtain and aggregate a first type of the requested content, and then package the aggregated content into a response. The response will also include place holders that correspond to the remaining type of the requested content. The response will then be transmitted to the surrogate system, which will, based upon the place holders, obtain the remaining type of portal content. Once obtained, the remaining type of portal content will replace the place holders in the response, and the response will be rendered for the requesting portal user.

Abstract: A system and method for responding to requests for processing made by an integration broker to an application having a single threaded application programmer interface, comprising receiving a request for processing; determining whether the received request is event-triggered or call-triggered; sending the request to a slave process assigned to event-triggered requests, when the request is event-triggered; and sending the request to a slave process assigned to call-triggered requests, when the request is call-triggered.

Abstract: The invention includes various systems, architectures, frameworks and methodologies that can securely enforce a privacy policy. A method is include for securely guaranteeing a privacy policy between two enterprises, comprising: creating a message at a first enterprise, wherein the message includes a request for data concerning a third party and a privacy policy of the first enterprise; signing and certifying the message that the first enterprise has a tamper-proof system with a privacy rules engine and that the privacy policy of the first entity will be enforced by the privacy rules engine of the first enterprise; sending the message to a second enterprise; and running a privacy rules engine at the second enterprise to compare the privacy policy of the first enterprise with a set of privacy rules for the third party.

Abstract: A method and system to minimize the affects of thermal gradient distortion in reticles. A heat source and filter or filters are used to control which part or parts of the reticle receive additional radiation. The heat created by this additional radiation minimizes any thermal gradients across the mask by supplying a constant heat flux to the entire surface of the mask. The heat source can also be used to preheat the reticle to minimize any transient start-up effects.

Abstract: A method for operating a storage controller and associated disk or disk portion such that after the storage controller terminates its access to said disk or disk portion, data integrity problems in the disk or disk portion can be detected. The storage controller is coupled to one or more host computers to receive write commands to write host data onto the disk or disk portion. The storage controller receives a write command from the host and writes host data associated with the write command into a cache memory in the storage controller. Before the host data is written from the cache memory to the disk or disk portion, the following is recorded on the disk or disk portion—an identity of the storage controller as a current user of the disk or disk portion and an indication that the storage controller is operating in a mode in which it stores data in a cache before writing the data to the disk or disk portion.

Abstract: Selector circuits and systems for single and multilevel selection within one clock cycle having a static switching factor on the output of a dynamic logic circuit. A logic device for single and multilevel selection having a dynamic logic circuit portion and a static logic circuit portion is implemented. In this way, an output logic state is maintained so long as the value of the Boolean operation being performed by the logic device does not change. Additionally, static logic elements may perform the inversions necessary to output both logic senses, mitigating the need to provide for dual-rail dynamic logic implementations. An asymmetric clock permits a concomitant decrease in the size of the precharge transistors thus ameliorating the area required by the logic element and obviating a need for keeper device.

Abstract: The present invention provides a solution for efficiently tracking web user sessions. Specifically, under the present invention, web user sessions are tracked on an analytics system based upon a unique identifier assigned to a requested web page and a session cookie that identifies a particular web user session. By tracking web user sessions in this manner, web page data transmitted during a particular web user session can be efficiently and accurately correlated for analysis.

Abstract: A lead free solder hierarchy for use in the second level solder connection of electronic components such as joining an electronic module to a circuit board. An off-eutectic solder concentration of SnCu or SnAg is used for the module side connection. This off-eutectic solder contains sufficient intermetallics to provide the module side connection with a robust second level assembly and rework process. The off-eutectic composition provides an inter-metallic phase structure in the module side fillet during assembly. The inter-metallic phase structure eliminates problems of tilt and collapse during second level assembly and aids in rework by providing a more cohesive joint allowing removal of the columns from the board without simultaneous removal from the module.

Abstract: In the present invention an electronic package assembly includes an integrated circuit positioned on a substrate. The substrate has substantially horizontal layers including horizontal signal wires having vertical thicknesses and resistance. In a preferred embodiment, first and second vertical thicknesses of the signal wires alternate from the top to the bottom of the substrate such that the signal wires with greater vertical thicknesses have lower resistance than the signal wires would typically have. A plurality of substantially vertical conductive vias traverse the horizontal layers such that the vertical conductive vias connect to the integrated circuit and connect with at least one of the horizontal signal wires. A circuit board positioned beneath the substrate includes connection members for connecting with, and terminating the vertical conductive vias.

Abstract: A metal plus low dielectric constant (low-k) interconnect structure is provided for a semiconductor device wherein adjacent regions in a surface separated by a dielectric have dimensions in width and spacing in the sub 250 nanometer range, and in which reduced lateral leakage current between adjacent metal lines, and a lower effective dielectric constant than a conventional structure, is achieved by the positioning of a differentiating or mask member that is applied for the protection of the dielectric in subsequent processing operations, at a position about 2-5 nanometers below a, to be planarized, surface where there will be a lower electric field.

Abstract: A scalable coolant conditioning unit (SCCU) is designed to accommodate removable modular pumping units (MPU's). The MPU's may comprise one or a plurality of pump/pump motor combinations. The MPU's are connected to coolant supply and discharge mechanisms by an insertion facilitation mechanism comprising an automatic coupling assembly and an isolation valve mechanism and are placed into and removed from the SCCU body with the aid of a seating mechanism. MPU's are added to an operating SCCU as needed to support increased heat loads of electronics frames. A plate heat exchanger is physically integrated within the expansion tank, reducing volumetric requirements for the SCCU and is sized to accommodate the maximum heat load.

Abstract: A method (and system) for executing a multiprocessor program written for a target instruction set architecture on a host computing system having a plurality of processors designed to process instructions of a second instruction set architecture, includes representing each portion of the program designed to run on a processor of the target computing system as one or more program threads to be executed on the host computing system.

Abstract: The present invention renders a triangular mesh for employment in graphical displays. The triangular mesh comprises triangle-shaped graphics primitives. The triangle-shaped graphics primitives represent a subdivided triangular shape. Each triangle-shaped graphics primitive shares defined vertices with adjoining triangle-shaped graphics primitives. These shared vertices are transmitted and employed for the rendering of the triangle-shaped graphics primitives.

Abstract: An alternative method, system and apparatus for addressing an e-mail message are provided. The alternative method, system and apparatus include using a physical location to address the e-mail message. The physical location may be a street address; however, whether a physical location or a street address is used, Global Positioning System (GPS) coordinates are used to forward the message to its destination. The message may include a range outside of which it is not retrievable. The message may further include a maximum number of recipients that may retrieve it as well as a time span outside of which it is not retrievable.

Abstract: Updating firmware stored in a rewritable non-volatile memory as a plurality of firmware code images having position dependent code. A plurality of update code images are made available that have position dependent code specifying positions of a rewritable non-volatile memory, such that each update code image is suitable for replacing a different stored code image. A computer processor determines which stored code image is to be updated; and selects the one of the plurality of update code images that has position dependent code suitable for replacing the code image to be updated.

Abstract: The invention provides environment aware messages delivery systems, apparatus and methods. In example embodiments the system and method automatically deliver messages to the user based on the environment around the user. In the system and method, a portable message redirection agent cooperates with a message delivery service manager in the environment to discover available message delivery service, and sets message forwarding options without the user's operation. The system and method of the invention can make full use of the existing message redirection mechanisms in more flexible manner.

Abstract: A method, system and apparatus for receiving e-mail messages sent to physical locations are provided. To receive an e-mail message sent to a physical location, a recipient must be within a range from the physical location. The range may be a default range or may be specifically identified by a sender in the message. Furthermore, although the recipient may be within the range identified in the message, the recipient may still not receive the message if a time-span within which the content of the message is current has elapsed.

Abstract: A method of communication among telephony services using an event context cache can include, in a messaging telephony service, receiving a telephony event from a node in the public switched telephony network specifying a called directory number, a calling directory number, and service context data. The service context data can be stored as an entry within the event context cache. The event context cache can be accessible by at least one other telephony service. The entry can be associated with a key for the event context cache. The key can be specified by the called directory number and the calling directory number.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for detecting and resolving conflicts in context information from various sources. That information may be used to automatically update one or more context sources and/or to validate or invalidate (until further notice or for a period of time) input from one or more context sources. Or, the updates can be made in response to the user's instructions. Rules are used in preferred embodiments to dictate the conflict resolution approach for individual users. Updating the context source is particularly useful when the source is an electronic calendar. Updates that may be made to the calendar include adding, deleting, or changing scheduled events and/or working hours. Invalidating data from a context source is particularly useful for lost, forgotten, misplaced, or loaned devices. Marking data from a context source as valid is preferably done when harmony among several context sources is detected. Context suppliers may be notified of errors or discrepancies in their context data.

Abstract: A method (and system) for performing an emulation of an operation of a target computing system, includes interpreting a target instruction, recognizing an unused capacity of a host system when the host system is interpreting the instruction, and performing a translation of the instruction without increasing a time of interpreting the instruction.

Abstract: Method and system for verifying the authenticity and integrity of files transmitted through a computer network. Authentication information is encoded in the filename of the file. In a preferred embodiment, authentication information is provided by computing a hash value of the file, computing a digital signature of the hash value using a private key, and encoding the digital signature in the filename of the file at a predetermined position or using delimiters, to create a signed filename. Upon reception of a file, the encoded digital signature is extracted from the signed filename. Then, the encoded hash value of the file is recovered using a public key and extracted digital signature, and compared with the hash value computed on the file. If the decoded and computed hash values are identical, the received file is processed as authentic.

Abstract: In an information search using a computer, a flexible information search based on a variety of strategies that depend on a purpose of use of information is effectively realized. An information search system comprises a document structure analyzing section for analyzing a structure of an HTML document taking into account a meaning in a prescribed web page, a significance calculating section for calculating the degrees of significance of other web sites linking from the web page, based on a result of the analysis and according to predetermined strategies, and a crawling executing section for crawling the web sites depending on the degrees of significance calculated by the significance calculating section.

Abstract: The present invention provides employing differential transitional encoding with a differential bus. Employing the differential transitional encoding comprises dividing the differential bus into one or more groups comprising four bus lines. Employment of the differential bus also comprises asserting half the bus lines of a group during a bus data transfer, thereby defining an asserted set of bus lines and a de-asserted set of bus lines. The method and system further comprises transmitting data by differentially driving two of the bus lines, one bus line per set, by de-asserting one of the bus lines of the asserted set, and asserting one of the bus lines of the de-asserted set.

Abstract: A client-server application is provided to clients across a network. Requests from the client are accepted by a reliable proxy and sent to master and standby configurations of the client-server application. Each configuration processes the request to produce master and standby responses respectively. The proxy selects one response based on various criteria including a length being greater than the other response by more than a fixed value. The selected response is returned to the client over the internet. The configuration producing the selected response is thereafter designated as the master configuration. A recovery process may be initiated on the unselected configuration.

Abstract: According to the present invention a method and a system is provided for organizing access and control from a user to an appliance via a distributed information system by employing a mediator. First a message is received from the user containing a generic command, which is then converted into an appliance specific command. Subsequently, the appliance specific command is sent to the appliance to be processed and a response message is received from the appliance. Finally, the response message is converted into a generic format and sent back to the user. The present invention provides an easy-to-use interface for users to all their pervasive home network devices.

Abstract: A system, method, and computer program product are provided for generating display data. The data processing system loads coefficient values corresponding to a behavior of a selected function in pre-defined ranges of input data. The data processing system then determines, responsive to items of input data, the range of input data in which the selected function is to be estimated. The data processing system then selects, through the use of a vector permute function, the coefficient values, and evaluates an index function at the each of the items of input data. It then estimates the value of the selected function through parallel mathematical operations on the items of input data, the selected coefficient values, and the values of the index function, and, responsive to the one or more values of the selected function, generates display data.

Abstract: The invention provides a system and method for providing a high availability application at low cost for a wide range of solution architectures. A user runs a simplistic web-based wizard to install the high availability application. Then, a user designs the high availability application's logic for an individual process or process-group using a finite state table. Next, a standard UNIX init process spawner subsystem is extended to implement the high availability application as a property of a process. Finally, the logic from the finite state table is used to make each process or process-group highly available.

Abstract: Verifiable authentication credentials are provided to foreign systems without passing an id and password to the protected resource. A user wishing to access a secure remote site is prompted for credentials, the credentials are authenticated locally and a digitally signed token is created. The token is redirected to the secure remote site by the user's browser using HTTP redirection. The digitally signature is verified by the secure remote site preferably by a digital signature web service. The remote site establishes communications with the user if the digital signature is valid.

Abstract: The present invention provides data encryption for a differential bus employing transitional coding. The present invention maps, encodes and encrypts input data as a logic status for a given bus transfer cycle. The mapping, encoding and encrypting of the input data changes from bus transfer cycle to bus transfer cycle. The mapping, encoding and encrypting is a function of a pseudo-random number. A logic status is differentially transmitted from a bus transmitter to a bus receiver, to be mapped, decrypted and decoded as the corresponding output data.

Abstract: Provided is a communication device which executes proper communications by correcting communication errors caused by noise generated on a transmission line or the like.

Abstract: The invention includes various systems, architectures, frameworks and methodologies that can securely enforce a privacy policy. A method is include for securely guaranteeing a privacy policy between two enterprises, comprising: creating a message at a first enterprise, wherein the message includes a request for data concerning a third party and a privacy policy of the first enterprise; signing and certifying the message that the first enterprise has a tamper-proof system with a privacy rules engine and that the privacy policy of the first entity will be enforced by the privacy rules engine of the first enterprise; sending the message to a second enterprise; and running a privacy rules engine at the second enterprise to compare the privacy policy of the first enterprise with a set of privacy rules for the third party.