Abstract: The antifouling structure of the present invention includes a porous structural layer and a non-volatile liquid in pores and/or on a surface of the porous structural layer. The porous structural layer includes a modified portion at least at a surface part of the porous structural layer, and the elemental ratio of fluorine to silicon (F/Si) in the surface part is within the range of 3 to 50.

Abstract: A method for a motor vehicle to select a preferred traffic lane to access a toll area having a plurality of traffic lanes includes the following: a) detecting traffic lanes of the toll area, b) determining, for at least some of the traffic lanes, a first item of data relating to the distance between the motor vehicle and the corresponding traffic lane, and a second item of data relating to the number of other vehicles situated on the corresponding traffic lane, c) minimizing a cost function that depends on each first item of data and on each second item of data, so as to identify the preferred traffic lane, and d) determining the possibility or the risk for the motor vehicle of changing traffic lane in order to move towards the preferred traffic lane.

Abstract: A sleeve structure comprises a plurality of sleeve main bodies fitted respectively into intake ports of a cylinder head of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine and a shared base provided on one end of the plurality of sleeve main bodies. By fixing this sleeve structure to the cylinder head, an amount of labor involved in a fixing operation for fixing sleeves to a cylinder head is reduced.

Abstract: A target vehicle speed generation device includes a controller for generating a target vehicle speed of a host vehicle in accordance with a speed limit of a travel path of the host vehicle. The controller includes a speed limit information acquisition unit and a target vehicle speed generation unit. The speed limit information acquisition unit acquires the speed limit of the travel path of the host vehicle during travel. The target vehicle speed generation unit generates a target acceleration together with the generation of the target vehicle speed in accordance with the speed limit. The target vehicle speed generation unit has a first acceleration limiter computation unit that, during the generating of the target acceleration, sets an acceleration limiter to increase in a direction of relaxing a limitation on acceleration correspondingly with an increase in the speed limit.

Abstract: Batch routing of autonomous vehicles is disclosed. A method may include maintaining a plurality of vehicle state data object instances that respectively correspond to a plurality of autonomous vehicles. The method includes obtaining a traffic condition location and determining a group of autonomous vehicles from the plurality of autonomous vehicles where the current route of each autonomous vehicle intersects the traffic condition location. The method also includes determining two or more subgroups of autonomous vehicles, and for each subgroup, determining a respective avoidance waypoint corresponding to the subgroup that is not on the current route of the autonomous vehicle. For each autonomous vehicle in the subgroup, the method includes determining an updated route based on the current route of the autonomous vehicle and the respective avoidance waypoint, generating a control instruction based on the updated route, and transmitting the control instruction to the autonomous vehicle.

Abstract: A method of preventing exhaust gas intrusion in a passenger compartment of a vehicle is provided. Whether a vehicle operating condition resulting in an increased carbon monoxide emission at an exhaust pipe is present is detected. Whether a vehicle component condition is present is detected. The vehicle component condition is an open window or an open sunroof. An HVAC setting is switched from a recirculating air mode to a fresh air mode when at least one of the vehicle operating condition and the vehicle component condition is detected as being present.

Abstract: A control method of inverter for driving motor including a magnet, comprises detecting a rotation state of the motor by a rotation sensor, detecting current of the motor by a current sensor, calculating, based on a torque command value, a detection value of the rotation state detected by the rotation sensor, and detection current detected by the current sensor, a voltage command value for controlling a voltage of the motor by a controller for controlling the inverter, specifying a value of at least one of a local maximum value, a local minimum value, and an average value of the torque voltage command value included in the voltage command value as a torque determination target command value by the controller, comparing a demagnetizing determination threshold value with the torque determination target command value by the controller, and determining whether or not demagnetization of the magnet occurs in accordance with the compared result.

Abstract: A cell structure for a fuel cell including: power generation cell assemblies each including a power generation cell which includes a fuel electrode, an oxidant electrode, and an electrolyte sandwiched therebetween and is configured to generate power by using supplied gases; a separator configured to separate the adjacent power generation cell assemblies from each other; a sealing member disposed between an edge of a corresponding one of the power generation cell assemblies and an edge of the separator and configured to retain any of the gases supplied to the power generation cells between the corresponding power generation cell assembly and the separator; and a heat exchange part disposed adjacent to the sealing member and configured to perform temperature control of the sealing member by using any of the gases supplied to the power generation cells.

Abstract: An electromagnetic control valve normality determination system includes: a hydraulic pressure source; an electromagnetic control valve structured to regulate an actual pressure of oil to a pressure command point, wherein the oil is supplied from the hydraulic pressure source; and an actual pressure sensor structured to sense the actual pressure of the oil. For determining normality of pressure regulation of the electromagnetic control valve, a normality determinator is configured to: set pressure command regions for determination about pressure regulation of the electromagnetic control valve, without overlapping among the pressure command regions; determine for each of the pressure command regions whether a difference between the actual pressure and the pressure command point in the each of the pressure command regions is less than a threshold value; and determine that the electromagnetic control valve is normal, in response to affirmation of the determination for all of the pressure command regions.

Abstract: A travel assistance method capable of preventing irregular behavior of a vehicle when switching from a traveling path on which the vehicle is currently traveling to a traveling path based on a high-definition map, generates a first traveling path based on the surroundings of the vehicle, generates a second traveling path based on high-definition map information around the circumference of the vehicle, determines whether the first traveling path and the second traveling path have likeness, and switches the traveling path that the vehicle is caused to follow by executing traveling assistance control when the first traveling path and the second traveling path have likeness.

Abstract: A drain hose includes a hose main body into which a drain pipe is inserted and a circumferential rib formed on an outer peripheral surface of the hose main body to be away from an extremity of the hose main body and extend in a circumferential direction of the hose main body. The drain hose includes an axial rib formed on the outer peripheral surface of the hose main body to be positioned closer to the extremity of the hose main body than the circumferential rib and extend in an axial direction of the hose main body.

Abstract: A power control method for calculating a duty command value to be used for a PWM control, generating a PWM signal corresponding to a comparison result between the duty command value and a carrier signal, and applying a PWM voltage to a load by driving an inverter based on the PWM signal. The power control method comprises obtaining a compensation amount according to a phase shift generated in the PWM voltage so as to compensate for the shift, correcting the compensation amount according to a cycle of the carrier signal, and correcting the duty command value depending on whether a strength of the carrier signal is increasing or decreasing using the corrected compensation amount.

Abstract: A control device for a vehicle having: an engine; a torque converter having a lock-up clutch; an engagement element disposed downstream of the torque converter; a drive shaft disposed downstream of the engagement element; and an electric motor disposed downstream of the engagement element, and connected to the drive shaft includes a control portion adapted to: in a case where an electric travel mode in which the lock-up clutch and the engagement element are disengaged is switched to an engine travel mode in which the lock-up clutch is disengaged and the engagement element is engaged, decrease driving torque of the electric motor after engagement of the engagement element; and gradually decrease the driving torque of the electric motor while gradually increasing driving torque of the engine after the driving torque of the electric motor is decreased.

Abstract: A link component (150) with an oil hole (150E) is attached to a crankshaft (106) of an internal combustion engine (E), and the oil hole (150E) allows communication from an outside to the crankshaft (106) side. The oil hole (150E) has an inclined surface (150F) along an opening rim on the crankshaft (106) side. A surface other than the oil hole (150E) has a carbon concentration of 0.5 wt % or more. The inclined surface (150F) has a carbon concentration within a range of 0.7 wt % or more and 0.9 wt % or less. Production cost is suppressed, and at the same time, damage is prevented by increasing resistance of the oil-hole part on which stress is liable to concentrate.

Abstract: Provided is a vehicle control method that performs basic self-driving control configured to automatically control the travel of a host vehicle based on an intervehicle distance between the host vehicle and a preceding vehicle. When a traffic jam on a travel lane of the host vehicle is detected, low torque travel control configured to cause the host vehicle to travel by a drive torque lower than a drive torque determined based on the basic self-driving control is performed, and when the intervehicle distance exceeds, in the low torque travel control, a predetermined upper limit distance larger than a set during-vehicle-stop intervehicle distance serving as a reference for the start or the stop of the host vehicle in the basic self-driving control, the low torque travel control is switched to the basic self-driving control.

Abstract: A fiber-reinforced resin component comprises a first part having a plurality of first fiber layers impregnated in a matrix resin and a second part having a plurality of second fiber layers impregnated in the matrix resin. The second part is bonded to the first part via an adhesive layer. The fiber-reinforced resin component further comprises a plurality of connecting fibers that connect the first part and the second part. One end portion of the connecting fibers is sandwiched between the first fiber layers, and the other end portion of the connecting fibers is sandwiched between the second fiber layers.

Abstract: A power reception control method for a power reception element controls element-receiving electric power received by the power reception element in an electric power system for supplying electric energy to a load group including plural power reception elements via an electric power supply base point. The power reception control method acquires differential electric power by subtracting a current value of total transmitted electric power from a maximum value of the total transmitted electric power that is an available amount to be supplied to the entire load group via the electric power supply base point, multiplies the differential electric power by a degree of priority of the power reception element to calculate element differential electric power, adds the element differential electric power to the previous element-receiving electric power, and subtracts an electric power correction value based on the element-receiving electric power so as to update the element-receiving electric power.

Abstract: A method for controlling an electric vehicle having a field winding type synchronous motor for providing a driving force, the field winding type synchronous motor that has a rotor having a rotor winding and a stator having a stator winding, by controlling a stator current flowing in the stator winding and a rotor current flowing in the rotor winding is provided.

Abstract: A regenerated cathode active material comprises a core material comprising lithium and a transition metal oxide, the core material having a surface, wherein the core material is a recycled cathode active material. At least two different lithium-ion conducting species are on the surface of the core material, and the at least two different lithium-ion conducting species are selected from AlF3, Li3PO4, and a lithium metal oxide. Another regenerated cathode active material for use in a lithium-ion battery comprises a core material comprising a transition metal oxide and lithium, the core material having a surface, and multiple lithium-ion conducting species on the surface, wherein the core material is a recycled cathode active material.

Abstract: A control method for a motor system, the motor system having a battery; a boost converter configured to increase DC voltage supplied by the battery; an inverter connected to the boost converter and configured to execute a conversion between DC power and AC power; and a motor generator connected to the inverter. The control method comprising: a limiting power determination step of determining a limiting power in response to an operating point of the motor generator such that an oscillation of a terminal voltage of the boost converter at a side of the inverter is suppressed; and a controlling step of controlling the operating point of the motor generator such that a passing power of the boost converter does not exceed the limiting power.

Abstract: An other-vehicle action prediction method predicts that another vehicle traveling in an adjacent lane adjacent to an own lane in which a host vehicle is traveling makes a lane change from the adjacent lane to the own lane in front of the host vehicle in accordance with the behavior of the other vehicle. The other-vehicle action prediction method acquires traffic regulation information on a traffic regulation regarding the adjacent lane, predicts a predicted traveling state of the other vehicle when traveling according to the traffic regulation, calculates a recognition possibility that the other vehicle recognizes the traffic regulation, and predicts that the other vehicle makes a lane change in accordance with the recognition possibility, the predicted traveling state, and the actual traveling state.

Abstract: A control method of an internal combustion engine including a spark plug and a fuel injection valve includes starting electric discharge of the spark plug after a gas flow in a direction from a side of the fuel injection valve toward a side of the spark plug is generated at a position of an electric discharge gap of the spark plug due to spray of the fuel injected from the fuel injection valve.

Abstract: A vehicle battery life tracking system includes a vehicle battery, an electronic control unit and a wireless communication unit. The vehicle battery has a plurality of individual battery units. The electronic control unit is provided to a vehicle having the vehicle battery. The electronic control unit is programmed to monitor and store chargeability information associated with the individual battery units. The wireless communication unit is provided to the vehicle. The electronic control unit is configured to control the wireless communication unit to upload the chargeability information to an external memory storage upon the occurrence of one or more predetermined incidents.

Abstract: A machine vision system comprising receiving means configured to receive image data indicative of an object to be classified where there is provided processing means with an initial neural network, the processing means configured to determine a differential equation describing the initial neural network algorithm based on the neural network parameters, and to determine a solution to the differential equation in the form of a series expansion; and to convert the series expansion to a finite series expansion by limiting the number of terms in the series expansion to a finite number; and to determine the output classification in dependence on the finite series expansion.

Abstract: A vehicle diagnostic apparatus includes a receiver, an electronic controller and a display. The receiver is configured to receive information from a vehicle monitor. The electronic controller is configured to determine a status of the monitor, and output the status in an 8 bit format based on the information received from the vehicle monitor, at least two of the bits in the 8 bit format indicating a predetermined status of the vehicle monitor. The display is configured to display the output.

Abstract: A fastening structure (105) includes a pair of fastening members (105A) joined to each other, which is coupled with a bolt. The fastening member (105) is made of steel. A surface other than joint surfaces (Sa) has a Rockwell hardness of 50 HRC or more. The joint surfaces (Sa) have a Rockwell hardness of 30 HRC or more and less than 50 HRC. The joint surfaces (Sa) have an arithmetic mean roughness (Ra) of 0.2 ?m or more and 0.5 ?m or less. Production cost is suppressed, and at the same time, bending fatigue strength is secured and secondary damage due to abrasion powder generated by fretting is prevented.

Abstract: A vehicle travel control method includes, when controlling a vehicle having an autonomous travel control function to travel autonomously, detecting whether or not an object is present around the vehicle and displaying a predetermined pattern corresponding to a detection range at a certain position on a road surface toward the detection range so that the predetermined pattern is visible.

Abstract: Methods and systems for remote support of autonomous operation of vehicles have been disclosed. State indicators are generated by a first state display based on state data from a portion of vehicles assigned to a respective first level control station. A second state display is generated for a second control station and displays state indicators for the state data of the vehicles. A remote support interface including the first state display and image data received from a first vehicle of the vehicles is generated. Instruction data to the first vehicle is transmitted using the remote support interface and based on an indication that the first vehicle needs remote support, the instruction data modifying the autonomous operation of the first vehicle. A workload between the first level control stations is allocated by assigning the vehicles using the state indicators of the second state display.

Abstract: Methods and systems for controlling a vehicle are herein disclosed. A method includes receiving vehicle data and external data from a vehicle control system of a vehicle and generating an environment representation of an area of the transportation network proximate to the vehicle location. The method includes displaying the environment representation in a GUI and receiving a solution path via the graphical user interface, the solution path indicating a route and one or more stop points. The method includes transmitting the route to the vehicle including a respective geolocation of each of the one or more stop points. The vehicle receives the route and begins traversing the transportation network based on the solution path. The method includes receiving updated vehicle data and/or updated external data from the vehicle and updating the environment representation based thereon. The method includes displaying, the updated environment representation via the graphical user interface.

Abstract: A resin current collector provides means for improving the cycle characteristics in a lithium ion battery and includes a polyolefin resin, and a conductive carbon filler. The total surface area of the conductive carbon filler contained in 1 g of the resin current collector is 7.0 m2 or more and 10.5 m2 or less.

Abstract: An off-road vehicle speed control assembly that includes a speed control device, a speed sensor, tire pressure sensors and an electronic controller. The speed control device controls speed of a vehicle power plant. The electronic controller is in electronic communication with the speed control device, the speed sensor and the plurality of tire pressure sensors and is configured to operate the speed control device in at least two different modes of operation: a normal mode in which the plurality of tires are inflated to a high-speed tire pressure; and, a first off-road mode in which the plurality of tires are inflated to a first off-road tire pressure that is less than the high-speed tire pressure. In the normal mode, speeds of the vehicle are unrestricted by the electronic controller. In the first off-road mode, speed of the vehicle is restricted.

Abstract: A control method for an internal combustion engine which is a driving source of a vehicle in which a driving force is transmitted to a transmission when a clutch is engaged, the control method includes: when the internal combustion engine which is automatically stopped in a state where the clutch is disengaged is restarted, performing a torque down control to decrease a target torque of the internal combustion engine when the clutch is engaged; setting a predetermined torque release time period determined in accordance with a driving state; and ending the torque down control at a timing at which the torque release time period is elapsed from an engagement command of the clutch which is generated during the torque down control.

Abstract: A control method for a hybrid vehicle is provided. The hybrid vehicle includes an electric motor (13) that drives the vehicle to travel, a generator (12) that supplies power to the electric motor (13), and an engine (11) that drives the generator (12). The control method includes: when bringing the electric motor (13) into a regenerative state, operating the generator to drive the engine (11) in a state in which fuel supply to the engine (11) is cut, thereby executing, in accordance with required deceleration, the motoring control for consuming the output power of the electric motor (13); and when the required deceleration decreases and driving of the engine (11) by the generator (12) is requested upon execution of the motoring control, imposing a restriction on a change in the rotational speed of the engine.

Abstract: A remote system for an autonomous vehicle, includes a receiver, a controller, and a display device. The receiver is configured to receive road information. The controller is programmed to receive input related to the road information and create a supervision zone when the road information impacts road drivability. The display device is disposed at a control center area and configured to display a visual indication on a map of the supervision zone.

Abstract: A vehicle holding unit includes a cupholder and an electronic heating unit. The cupholder has a sidewall defining a cup receiving area. The sidewall includes a heat source for providing heat to the cupholder. The electronic heating unit is integrated with the sidewall. The electronic heating unit has an electrical connector configured to be electrically connected to another electrical connector of a vehicle center console to draw electrical power from the another electrical connector to power the heat source.

Abstract: A current control method and a current control device is configured to control an on-board charger that supplies current to high-power components and a battery. When the on-board charger is controlled, the current control is executed to supply output current to the high-power components and the battery such that the output current is a sum of a drive current to be supplied to high-power components capable of computing current consumption based on their own operating states and the charging current to the battery.

Abstract: An abnormality detecting device determines an abnormality in an apparatus by comparing data on vibration detected in the apparatus with a predetermined threshold. Moreover, the abnormality detecting device changes the threshold depending on a length of work time required for the apparatus to perform a certain work.