Abstract: A multilayer three-dimensional circuit substrate includes a first substrate, a first protective metal layer, a second protective metal layer, a second substrate, a first interlayer connecting member, and a second interlayer connecting member. The first protective metal layer has a lower absorption rate of light than a first wiring provided on a first surface of the first substrate. The second protective metal layer has a lower absorption rate of light than a second wiring provided on a second surface of the first substrate. The second substrate is configured such that a thickness between a fifth surface and a sixth surface is thinner than a thickness between a third surface and a fourth surface. A sensor is provided on the fifth surface.

Abstract: A surgical system includes an endoscope including an imager which captures an endoscopic image, a medical manipulator with an injection needle at a distal end section thereof, a drive device which controls the medical manipulator to control a position of the injection needle, and a processor. The processor is configured to: control to inject a target amount of a injection fluid into a syringe connected to the injection needle; acquire, from the imager, the endoscopic image in which a treatment target is captured; and perform a prescribed determination to determine success/failure of injection using the endoscopic image, and control the drive device to change the position of the injection needle based on a determination result of the prescribed determination.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus for use with an endoscope system. The image processing apparatus including: a first processor configured to perform image processing on an inputted image, the image processing including a diagnostic process; a second processor configured to perform selection processing to select and transmit the inputted image to an external image processing apparatus connected to an external network; and an interface configured to receive a processing result of the diagnostic process by the external image processing apparatus. Wherein the external image processing apparatus is configured to perform at least one of a detection of a lesion candidate or a differentiation of the lesion candidate.

Abstract: In an image pickup unit, an image pickup device, a first substrate, and a second substrate are connected in the order from a distal end. The image pickup unit includes a cutout that is provided in a side surface of the first substrate, penetrates from a distal end surface to a proximal end surface, and has a smaller width dimension of an opening on the proximal end surface side than that of an opening of the distal end surface side, and a resin filled in the cutout, a gap between the image pickup device and the first substrate, and a gap between the first substrate and the second substrate.

Abstract: An endoscope includes: a distal end body comprising a first fluid passage, the first fluid passage extending in a direction intersecting a longitudinal direction of the distal end body, the first fluid passage comprising a first distal end opening; a first cover detachably attached to the distal end body, the first cover including a second fluid passage in fluid communication with the first fluid passage, the second fluid passage extending along the longitudinal direction; and a second cover detachably attached to the distal end body, the second cover located distally relative to the first cover.

Abstract: A method for controlling an ultrasonic transducer of an electrosurgical instrument, the ultrasonic transducer is driven by alternating electrical overall current signal, having a signal frequency, driving the overall current signal results in alternating electrical instrument voltage signal of transducer, depending on mechanical oscillation of transducer, the instrument voltage signal having transducer phase shift with respect to main current component of overall current signal depending on mechanical oscillations of transducer, ultrasonic transducer is having fluctuating mechanical resonance frequency, amplifier is controlled to provide electrical overall current signal and adjust signal frequency towards resonance frequency depending on transducer phase shift, and for determining transducer phase shift, calculating signal coefficients for main current component and instrument voltage signal, signal coefficients being representative for phase relationship of main current component or instrument voltage signa

Abstract: An endoscope holder includes a holder body, a hanger and a slide member. The hanger is pivotably attached to the holder body to move between a first angle position and a second angle position. The slide member is supported on the holder body. The slide member is configured to move slidably between a first position and a second position. At the first position, the slide member restricts pivoting of the hanger from the first angle position to the second angle position. At the second position, the slide member permits pivoting of the hanger from the first angle position to the second angle position. When the hanger is at the first angle position, the hanger is configured to support an endoscope by hanging the endoscope on the hanger. When the hanger is at the second angle position, the hanger is configured to not support the endoscope by hanging.

Abstract: An image display system includes: a monitor configured to be able to display a 3D image; a detection device configured to detect a position of an observer or a position of monitor observation glasses with respect to the monitor as an observation position; and a display control device configured to determine at least one of a display size and a display position of the 3D image to be displayed on the monitor on the basis of the observation position detected by the detection device.

Abstract: An endoscopic control apparatus includes one or more processors configured to process image matching with respect to a first image and a second image to determine an image in the first image and the second image, the first image obtained from an endoscope during an endoscopy, the image feature comprises information related to common pixels among the first image and the second image, detect a treatment target based on the image feature obtained from the image matching, determine a treatment instrument based on the detected treatment target, and display guide information, the guide information includes information related to the treatment instrument.

Abstract: A guide device that guides a drill that drills a second bone hole in a bone in which a first bone hole is formed includes: an elongated protective portion that is inserted into the first bone hole and that defines, in an interior of the first bone hole, a pathway that extends in a longitudinal direction of the first bone hole and through which a suture passes; a guide portion that has a guide hole that specifies a guide axis and that guides the drill passing through the guide hole along the guide axis; and an arm portion that connects the protective portion with the guide portion. The guide axis is disposed at a twist position with respect to the protective portion, and the drill guided along the guide axis passes through a position at which the drill does not interfere with the suture that passes through the pathway.

Abstract: A wiring board has a first principal surface including one or more first pads configured to bond an electronic component, one or more second pads configured not to bond another member, one or more wiring patterns connecting the one or more first pads to the one or more second pads, respectively, and a solder nonwetting region is formed on each of the one or more second pads.

Abstract: An image processing device includes a processor including hardware, the processor being configured to: generate a white light image based on a white light which is made of a light having a wavelength band of visible light range; generate an absorption band light image indicating an absorption degree of a light having a wavelength band of Soret band which is absorbed by a drug accumulated in a target region for treatment; and generate a display image based on the white light image and the absorption band light image.

Abstract: An endoscope system includes: an endoscope including an elongated portion in which an imaging optical system is arranged; an arm supporting the endoscope; and a unit capable of changing a field-of-view direction of the endoscope, wherein each library data stored in a storage includes a parameter related to relative position and attitude between the imaging optical system and an observation object, the parameter includes a first parameter or a second parameter, the first parameter determined by a sum of an inclination of a longitudinal axis of the elongated portion and an amount of curvature of the changing unit on base coordinates, the first parameter related to an orientation of the imaging optical system on the base coordinates, the second parameter indicating an orientation of the imaging optical system as viewed from a coordinate of the observation object, and the unit or the arm based on the library data is controlled.

Abstract: An endoscope includes: an insertion portion formed along a longitudinal axis extending from a proximal end to a distal end; a light guide having an optical characteristic that enables transmitting lithotriptic light and illuminating light having respective wavelength bands that are different from each other, from the proximal end toward the distal end of the insertion portion; and a treatment instrument insertion channel provided in the insertion portion, the treatment instrument insertion channel extending from the proximal end to the distal end.

Abstract: In endoscopy, each of a display controller and a recording controller acquires a first curved shape of an endoscope insertion portion when an endoscope distal end portion is located at a predetermined site, an endoscopic image captured in the endoscopy, and a second shape of an endoscope insertion portion when the endoscopic image is captured. The recording controller may record the first curved shape of the endoscope insertion portion, the endoscopic image, and the second curved shape of the endoscope insertion portion in a storage device. The display controller may simultaneously display the first curved shape of the endoscope insertion portion and the second curved shape of the endoscope insertion portion on a display device.

Abstract: A processing unit classifies multiple images taken inside a subject's body into multiple groups based on a certain criterion. The processing unit distinguishably displays images in the multiple groups.

Abstract: An image pickup unit for use with an endoscope comprises: a first wiring board in which a first surface, a plurality of first pads are disposed on the first surface, and a plurality of second pads are disposed on the first surface; and a second wiring board in which a second surface comprises a first region and a second region spaced apart from the first region, a plurality of first lands are disposed on the first region, the plurality of first lands are solder-bonded to the plurality of first pads, and a plurality of second lands are disposed on the second region, the plurality of second lands are solder-bonded to the plurality of second pads, and a sum of areas of the plurality of first pads is substantially same as a sum of areas of the plurality of second pads.

Abstract: The imaging device of the present invention is an imaging device including a pixel array in which pixels including photoelectric conversion elements that perform photoelectric conversion are disposed in a matrix, wherein the photoelectric conversion elements of a plurality of pixels adjacent in a column direction share a floating diffusion that accumulates photoelectrically converted charge, vertical signal lines that output signals based on the charge accumulated in the floating diffusion to the outside are wired to each column of the pixel array, a column selection signal line that transmits a selection control signal selecting one of a plurality of vertical signal lines adjacent in a row direction is wired within a region of the pixel array, and one column processing circuit that processes the signal is provided for the plurality of vertical signal lines selected by the selection control signal.

Abstract: An examination time period evaluator acquires a time evaluation index related to a predetermined examination step (e.g. a net observation step) in an endoscopic examination. An image classifier acquires an implementation record of the endoscopic examination. An examination time period classifier calculates an actual time, i.e. a time required for the predetermined examination step, based on the implementation record. A display controller may display the evaluation index and the actual time on a display apparatus. The display controller may further display a comparison result between the evaluation index and the actual time on the display apparatus.

Abstract: A distal end component portion includes: a distal end portion configured to be arranged at a distal end of an insertion portion of the endoscope; and a channel communicating with a proximal end side of the distal end portion from an opening on an outer surface of the distal end portion, wherein the channel includes: a transition portion; a first portion extending distally from the transition portion along a first direction relative to the opening; and a second portion extending proximally from the transition portion along a second direction forming a first angle that is an obtuse angle to the first direction, and the first portion comprising a first recess having a first surface that recesses from the opening toward a first side opposite to a direction in which the first direction extends.

Abstract: An image acquisitor acquires an image of a lumen imaged by an endoscope. An image classifier classifies the acquired lumen image as one of a plurality of types. When the lumen image is classified as a first type, an operation detail determinator determines an insertion operation detail of the endoscope using an insertion operation selection model generated by machine learning. When the lumen image is classified as a second type, the operation detail determinator determines the insertion operation detail of the endoscope using an algorithm for determining the insertion operation detail.

Abstract: An imaging device includes two or more pixels and a voltage generation circuit. Each of the two or more pixels includes a photoelectric conversion element and a transistor. The photoelectric conversion element is configured to perform photoelectric conversion and generate an electric charge in accordance with an amount of received light. The transistor is driven by using a driving voltage. The voltage generation circuit is configured to generate the driving voltage that is lower than the power source voltage and gradually decreases.

Abstract: An endoscopic image acquisition unit acquires shape information of an endoscope insertion part during endoscopic examination. According to a priority condition, executed is at least either: a process by an insertion status estimation unit entering the shape information to an insertion status learning model, thereby acquiring, from the insertion status learning model, an insertion status category resulted from categorization of insertion status of the endoscope insertion part; or, a process by a shape determination unit applying the shape information to a shape category determination logic, thereby acquiring an insertion shape category resulted from categorization of insertion shape of the endoscope insertion part.

Abstract: A medical procedure preparation guide apparatus includes one or more processors comprising hardware, wherein the one or more processors configured to: acquires an examination type which is a type of examination or treatment using medical equipment; searches a database for layout information about candidate equipment corresponding to the examination type, where the database stores layout information about spaces necessary for the examination or the treatment in relation to a plurality of sets of the medical equipment necessary for the examination or the treatment; and outputs the layout information about the candidate equipment including dynamic human body measurements information about a person concerned with the examination or the treatment using the medical equipment.

Abstract: A light source apparatus includes a first light source, a light sensor, an optical member, a driving circuit configured to move the optical member from a first position to a second position to insert/withdraw the optical member onto/from an optical path of light emitted from the first light source, and a processor. The processor is configured to acquire first information concerning a light amount of light received by the light sensor, acquire second information concerning a position of the optical member while moving from the first position to the second position, and output control information for controlling the first light source on a basis of the first information and the second information.

Abstract: A method for treating rhinosinusitis includes inserting a tubular spray device into a target area of the nose and paranasal sinuses, sending a gas into the target area through the spray device to expel deposits from the target area, and spraying a drug into the target area through the spray device.

Abstract: A method for treating rhinosinusitis includes inserting a tubular spray device into a target area of the nose and paranasal sinuses, sending a gas into the target area through the spray device to expel deposits from the target area, and spraying a drug into the target area through the spray device.

Abstract: A medical system includes a memory which stores a trained model, and a processor. The trained model is a model trained by training data including an endoscopic image and a contact state between a treatment tool and a tissue in the endoscopic image. The endoscopic image is captured by an endoscope which captures an image including the treatment tool and a tissue to be treated. The processor acquires the endoscopic image including the treatment tool and the tissue. The processor uses the trained model to detect, from the endoscopic image, the contact state between the treatment tool and the tissue as first information.

Abstract: An imaging device includes multiple pixels. When a first mode is set, at least one pixel of the multiple pixels sets a state of a transfer switch to an ON state and outputs a first pixel signal in accordance with an electric charge held in a floating diffusion. When a second mode is set, the at least one pixel sets the state of the transfer switch to an OFF state, sets a state of the reset switch to the ON state, and outputs a second pixel signal in accordance with the electric charge held in the floating diffusion in an output period.

Abstract: A treatment tool includes: a shaft; a gripper member that protrudes from a distal end of the shaft; a movable jaw that is provided on a distal end side of the shaft and is openable and closable with respect to the gripper member; and a swinging member mounted on the movable jaw. The swinging member is capable of swinging about a rotation axis with respect to the movable jaw to grip the living tissue between the swinging member and the gripper member. The swinging member includes first and second contact surfaces. The first contact surface can regulate swinging of the swinging member in a first direction when contacting a first regulating surface of the movable jaw. The second contact surface can regulate swinging of the swinging member in a second direction when contacting a second regulating surface of the movable jaw.

Abstract: A control device includes one or more processors including hardware, the one or more processors being configured to: generate a white light image based on a first image signal captured as a result of irradiating a subject with a white light; generate a narrow-band light image based on a second image signal captured as a result of irradiating the subject with a narrow-band light; control a light intensity of the white light to a first value which is determine according to brightness of the white light image and according to a first ratio; and control a light intensity of the narrow-band light to a second value which is determine according to brightness of the narrow-band light image and according to a second ratio that is different than the first ratio.

Abstract: The present invention includes an imager, a cable that coats a cable core wire for performing at least one of inputting and outputting of signals between the imager and outside and supply of power to the imager from the outside, a first substrate that connects the imager to a first surface, and a second substrate that is connected to a first connection part different from a connection position of the imager on a second surface opposite to the first surface of the first substrate. In the cable core wire, relative to the second surface of the first substrate, at least part of a second connection part connected to the second substrate is positioned on a side opposite to a direction in which an image capturing surface of the imager is directed.

Abstract: An endoscopic treatment device includes a sheath formed from a resin; a flow-passage formation member attached to a distal end portion of the sheath to be rotatable around a longitudinal axis of the sheath; a pair of forceps pieces supported by the flow-passage formation member such that the pair of forceps pieces are able to be opened and closed; a link mechanism connected to the pair of forceps pieces and configured to open and close the pair of forceps pieces; an operation wire extending along the longitudinal axis of the sheath; and a connection member configured to connect a proximal end arm of the link mechanism and the operation wire.

Abstract: An image group specifying unit specifies one or more image groups including a plurality of lesion image showing a lesion from among a plurality of images acquired during examination. A display control unit displays the plurality of images included in the image groups at a first display frame rate and displays a plurality of images not included in the image groups at a second display frame rate higher than the first display frame rate. The display control unit may display only some of the plurality of images not included in the image groups and hide the rest of the images.

Abstract: A medical manipulator system includes: a medical manipulator including an insertion portion having a bending portion and a wire connected to the bending portion; a drive device connected to the medical manipulator and driving the wire to bend the bending portion, wherein the drive device pulls the wire at a higher speed when the wire is slack than when the wire is not slack, and determines whether the wire is slack or not based on a comparison between a threshold tension estimated from a shape of the insertion portion and a tension of the wire.

Abstract: The image pickup unit includes an image pickup device, a first substrate, and a second substrate that are connected in this order. The second substrate includes a side surface formed in a direction crossing a light-receiving surface of the image pickup device. The second substrate includes, in the side surface thereof, a recessed portion into which a jig is inserted to hold the image pickup unit.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus includes a processor having hardware. The processor acquires a first image, a second image, and a third image of living tissue irradiated with first light, second light, and third light, respectively, calculates an index value that is correlated with a blood volume in the living tissue based on signal values of the first image and the second image, and calculates oxygen saturation of the living tissue based on the index value and a signal value of the third image. Each of the first light and the second light has a wavelength at which an absorption coefficient of oxygenated hemoglobin and an absorption coefficient of deoxygenated hemoglobin are the same, and the third light has a wavelength at which the absorption coefficients of the oxygenated hemoglobin and the absorption coefficient of the deoxygenated hemoglobin are different from each other.

Abstract: A drive device includes: a fixed portion; a movable portion that is provided slidably inside the fixed portion, the movable portion being configured to hold a lens; a drive portion configured to cause the movable portion to slide along an optical axis of the lens with respect to the fixed portion; a driver configured to supply a current to the drive portion; and a controller configured to control the driver, the controller including a processor including hardware, the processor being configured to cause the driver to supply a first current that is small to the drive portion and cause the driver to repeatedly supply a second current larger than the first current on a predetermined cycle, and a direction of movement of the movable portion by the first current or the second current being a same in the predetermined cycle.

Abstract: A method for controlling an electrosurgical instrument capable of producing a cutting plasma for cutting or vaporizing tissue when in operation at such tissue, wherein an electrosurgical generator generates a voltage signal being basically sinusoidal and the voltage signal is applied to the electrosurgical instrument, applying the voltage signal to the electrosurgical instrument results in an operating current signal capable of providing the cutting plasma, and the operating current signal including a linear current component being sinusoidal having a fundamental frequency and a nonlinear current component not having the fundamental frequency, wherein the operating current signal is controlled depending on the nonlinear current component in order to control the cutting plasma.

Abstract: An image signal processing device includes: a processor configured to process a first image signal and a second image signal, the first image signal being obtained by a first imaging portion capturing excitation light that is reflected from an observation target by irradiating the observation target with the excitation light, the second image signal being obtained by a second imaging portion capturing fluorescence from the observation target when excited by irradiating the observation target with the excitation light.

Abstract: Treatment instrument with movable handle and fixed handle includes biasing member for biasing the movable handle in an opening direction and an assist system with attraction force, e.g., magnetic force, to attract the movable handle in a closing direction toward the fixed handle. Range of movement of movable handle includes first movable range and second movable range. The second movable range occurs when a second gripping piece, e.g. a jaw, is in contact with respect to a first gripping piece, e.g., a vibration transmission member, and the movable handle is then further moved in a direction toward the fixed handle to a fully closed position. In the second movable range, attraction forces associated with the assist system are smaller than biasing force from the biasing member so that, upon release of a gripping force by an operator, the movable handle moves away from the fixed handle.

Abstract: An endoscopic surgical tool including a housing having a proximal end and a distal end, the housing having a central axis and a first aperture forming an opening disposed at the distal end, an insulator disposed within the housing and having a central bore and a second aperture, the insulator configured to extend distally from the first aperture along the central axis, and a knife disposed within the first aperture and including a tip. The knife having a retracted position and an extended position, wherein in the extended position, the knife is extended distally from the first aperture along the central axis and in the retracted position, the knife is retracted proximally towards the proximal end along the central axis. The endoscopic surgical tool including a biasing element coupled to the knife and biasing the knife toward the retracted position when the knife is in the extended position.

Abstract: A medical manipulator system includes: a medical manipulator having a bending portion; a drive device connected to the medical manipulator and bending the bending portion; and a controller into which a manipulation input for bending the bending portion is input. The drive device is configured to determine a bending direction in which the bending portion is bent based on a first part of the manipulation input, and determine an amount of bending drive based on an entire input from a start to an end of the manipulation input.

Abstract: A clip for gripping tissue can having a first arm with a first claw at a distal end of the first arm, and second arm, with a second claw at a distal end of the second arm, in which the first arm and second arm are configured to move in a direction toward each other to close the clip. The clips include one or more anchors on the arms of the clip which protrude in a direction other than the direction that the first arm and second arm are configured to move toward each other to close the clip. Such anchors can more readily attach to tissue of a patient upon contact than clips without an anchor.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a fixation element for holding a medical instrument during a reprocessing procedure, wherein the fixation element is configured to undergo a shape change during the reprocessing procedure. Also disclosed are a reprocessing tray and a method of reprocessing a medical instrument.

Abstract: The disclosed technology is directed to a treatment instrument having a vibration generating device and a handle for operation. The vibration generating device comprises a housing and a generator including a transducer disposed within the housing. The transducer generates vibration by using electric energy and a first electric contact disposed on the housing. A connector is rotatable about a predetermined rotational axis with respect to the housing of the generator. A coupler is disposed in the connector and having a second electric contact rotatable about the predetermined rotational axis with respect to the first electric contact in a state in which an electric connection of the second electric contact to the first electric contact is maintained. The connector further includes a conductive member forming a part of an electric path of a current that flows based on an operating input at an operating member provided on the handle.

Abstract: A medical manipulator system includes a medical manipulator having an insertion portion to be intracorporeally inserted, a drive device to which the medical manipulator is detachably connected, and a controller which is communicatively connected to the drive device and to which a manipulation input for driving the medical manipulator is input. The controller has a groove engaged with a part of the medical manipulator. The medical manipulator has a connection portion and an extracorporeal flexible portion. The connection portion rotatably connects the insertion portion and the extracorporeal flexible portion around a rotation axis extending in a longitudinal direction of the medical manipulator. The connection portion has a fitting portion fitted with the groove of the controller.

Abstract: A medical manipulator system includes: a medical manipulator having a movable portion; and a drive device to which the medical manipulator is detachably connected. The medical manipulator includes a driven portion to which a driving force for driving the movable portion is input. The drive device includes: a drive portion that is attached to the driven portion when the medical manipulator is connected and drives the driven portion; and a controller that controls the drive portion. The number of the drive portions is greater than the number of the driven portions. The drive device is capable of simultaneously connecting a first manipulator and a second manipulator that are the medical manipulators. All of the driven portions of the first manipulator and the second manipulator are attachable to the drive device.

Abstract: Provided is an endoscope clip. The clip includes an arm having a first arm and a second arm, the arm configured to be transitioned between a first configuration in which the first arm and the second arm are separated from each other by a first amount and a second configuration in which the first arm and the second arm are separated from each other by a second amount larger than the first amount. The clip includes a slider to operate the arm to be transitioned between the configurations, and a limiter configured to restrict movement of the slider so as to restrict the transition of the arm from one configuration to another of the configurations.

Abstract: An illumination method includes causing coherent light from a light source to enter a multimode propagation path via an incidence surface, relatively oscillating the light incident on the incidence surface and the incidence surface so as to temporally change at least one of an incidence position and an incidence angle of the light on the incidence surface, and radiating the light that has propagated through the propagation path onto a target.