Abstract: An infrared and ultraviolet radiation absorbing glass suitable for use in building and vehicle windows, which comprises, on a weight basis, 68-72% of SiO.sub.2, 1.6-3.0% of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, 8.5-11.0% of CaO, 2.0-4.2% of MgO, 12.0-16.0% of Na.sub.2 O, 0.5-3.0% of K.sub.2 O, 0.03-0.30% of SO.sub.3, 0.58-0.80% of total iron expressed as Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3, 0.1-0.7% of CeO.sub.2, 0.1-0.4% of TiO.sub.2 and 5-350 ppm of MnO. In the glass the ratio of ferrous iron to ferric iron is in the range from 0.50 to 0.70. The glass has a greenish tint and is well balanced in visible light transmittance, infrared radiation absorption and ultraviolet radiation absorption, and a sheet of the glass can be easily tempered by a conventional method.

Abstract: A relatively chemically inert ceramic material produced from a clay-like mixture of boron nitride powder and aluminum oxide, where the aluminum oxide is derived from colloidal aluminum oxide, peptized aluminum oxide, or a dissolved aluminum salt. The clay-like mixture can be dried in a near net shape without cracking and then pressure-less sintered, or bulk dried. Alternatively, pressure-less sintered bodies can be easily machined to a given shape. The ceramic has properties very similar to those of boron nitride in that it resists damage from molten materials, has a high electrical resistance, has high strength at ambient and elevated temperatures, etc. A typical pressure-less sintered body is formed from a clay made with finely-divided boron nitride mixed with at least one of the listed sources of aluminum oxide such that the final sintered composition contains about 85 wt. % boron nitride.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a beta-silicon carbide powder of high purity which is suitable for use in the manufacture of semiconductor equipment and which has a content of 1 ppm or less of each atom harmful to the manufacture of semiconductor devices. The process comprises preparing a carbon- and silicon-containing starting mixture comprising (a) at least one siliceous material selected from liquid silicon compounds and solid siliceous substances derived from a hydrolyzable silicon compound, and (b) at least one carbonaceous material selected from polymerizable or cross-linkable organic compounds prepared in the presence of a catalyst which is substantially free from atoms harmful to the manufacture of semiconductor devices. The starting mixture comprises at least one liquid substance used as component (a) or (b). The starting mixture is then solidified by heating and/or by use of a catalyst or a curing agent.

Abstract: A ceramic composition for forming a ceramic dielectric body having a dielectric constant of less than about 5.0 and a TCE of 2.0-4.0 ppm/c. The composition is formed from a mixture comprising 25-50 weight percent of a low temperature glass selected from the group consisting of borosilicate glass, zinc borate glass and combinations thereof, 50-75 weight percent of a high temperature glass selected from the group consisting of high silica glass, titanium silicate glass and combinations thereof, and 1-10 weight percent of ceramic material having a particle size of less than about 3 microns. The mixture can be combined with a polymeric binder to produce an unfired green tape which is co-fireable with high conductivity metallurgies such as gold, silver and silver/palladium. A preferred ceramic material is colloidal alumina.

Abstract: Novel boron/nitrogen compounds having the formula (1): ##STR1## and the products of the at least partial reduction thereof, are converted into BN ceramic materials by thermally polymerizing same, whether or not in the presence of suitable polymerization catalyst, and then pyrolyzing the boron/nitrogen polymers thus obtained.

Abstract: A method of forming a ceramic having a smooth ceramic surface and an assembly for forming ceramics having a flat and smooth ceramic surface are disclosed. A greenware precursor is disposed between a greenware base and a greenware cover. A frame is disposed between the greenware base and greenware cover for limiting compression of the greenware article to an amount which allows formation of a smooth ceramic surface during densification of the greenware precursor. The greenware base, greenware cover and greenware precursor are densified to cause the greenware precursor to form a ceramic having a smooth ceramic surface.

Abstract: A noble metal and solid-phase lubricant composition and an an electrically conductive interconductor including the electrically conductive composition are disclosed. The electrically conductive composition includes a noble metal component and a solid-phase lubricant component. The solid-phase lubricant component is present in an amount sufficient to cause the electrically conductive composition to have a coefficient of friction which is significantly lower than the coefficient of friction of the noble metal component without causing the electrically conductive composition to be significantly less malleable than the noble metal component, nor to be significantly less corrosion resistant than the noble metal component. The electrically conductive composition can form a contact layer of the electrically conductive interconnector. The contact layer is bonded to a diffusion barrier which, in turn, is bonded to a bulk electrical conductor of the electrically conductive interconnector.

Abstract: Process for direct nitriding of metals of relatively low melting point with the aid of a nitrogen-containing gas, in which a powder of at least one of the metals is mixed with a refractory powder, the mixture is heated under an atmosphere of nitrogen-containing gas at atmospheric pressure until the start of a rapid and exothermic nitriding reaction, and this reaction, which proceeds at a temperature generally higher than that of the melting point of the metals without apparent melting being observed, is allowed to proceed until all of the metals have been consumed, in order to obtain a highly porous solid mass which is easy to grind and is based on metal nitrides or metal oxynitrides.

Abstract: A process for producing ceramic flake, fiber and grain materials comprising solidifying a hydrated alumina sol, freeze drying the solidified sol and thereafter sintering the freeze dried material is disclosed. Novel ribbed flake material made by the process of the present invention is also disclosed.

Abstract: The addition of an aqueous solution containing one or more cations intended in a metal oxide ceramic product to a base to precipitate a calcinable metal oxide ceramic precursor reduces gelation problems during the precipitation of the precursor.

Abstract: Hardenable foam compositions comprising oxygen-releasing foaming agents, a hardener consisting of an alkali silicate solution, a fine particle solid material which reacts with said hardener, namely an oxide mixture consisting of SiO.sub.2 and Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 extracted from a filter dust, an electrofilter ash from high-temperature power plants, and calcinated bauxite or amorphous silica, to which reaction accelerators are added, are improved, firmer, faster hardening foams. Reducing agents, in particular sulphur compounds with a reducing action are preferred. Oxidizing agents or fine particle substances such as soot or color pigments are effective.

Abstract: Said medium is a halide glass (2, 8, 12, 20) containing uranium ions at least partly in the form U.sup.3+ and having, at least at one point of a region of the near infrared between 2.2 and 3.4 micrometers, an optical attenuation not exceeding 0.01 cm.sup.-1. For the production thereof, preparation takes place of a halide glass containing uranium ions, at least partly in the form U.sup.4+ and/or U.sup.5+, and having at least at this point the aforementioned attenuation. The glass is exposed to ionizing radiation able to produce trivalent uranium ions from the uranium ions of the prepared glass. Application to the production of optical guides, whereof the guiding parts are formed from such a medium.

Abstract: A neutral, generally green-gray low transmittance (no more than 25 luminous transmittance) soda-lime-silica glass has reduced solar energy transmittance when provided with the following colorant constituents in percent by weight:______________________________________ Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 (total iron) 1.3-2 NiO 0.01-0.05 CoO 0.02-0.04 Se 0.0002-0.003 ______________________________________The glass has a ferrous value in the range of 18 to 30.

Abstract: A method of producing heavy metal carbides of high specific surface area characterized in that a compound in the gazeous state of said heavy metal is caused to react with reactive carbon having a specific surface area at least equal to 200 m.sup.2. g.sup.-1 at a temperature comprised between 900.degree. and 1400.degree. C., and thus obtained carbides.

Abstract: A disc brake vehicles according to this invention is directed to enhancing the coefficient of friction and wear resistance in the friction members, and to reducing the size and weight of the disc brake, in turn, the unspring weight so as to improve operation stability in driving a vehicle. In the disc brake according to the constitution of this invention, either the disc or the brake pads are made of a carbon fiber reinforced ceramic composite consisting of a ceramic matrix reinforced by a carbon fiber.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of controlling the densification behavior of a metallic feature in a ceramic material, the method including the steps of:obtaining an unsintered ceramic material having at least one metallic feature therein;providing at least the metallic feature with a predetermined amount of carbonaceous material;heating the ceramic material and metallic feature to a predetermined temperature sufficient to cause sintering of the ceramic material, the metallic feature being at least partially inhibited from densifying at the predetermined temperature by the presence of the carbonaceous material.key aspect of the invention is subsequently removing with an oxidizing ambient some or, all of the carbonaceous residue at a predetermined temperature for the optimization of the physical characterization of the fired metallic component in ceramic material without adversely affecting distortion and alignment of the metallic feature.

Abstract: A thick film paste composition adapted to be bonded onto an aluminum nitride substrate is provided which comprises (a) an electrical property regulating component present in an amount sufficient to control the electrical properties of said paste; (b) a lead free or low lead glass composition capable of bonding said electrical property regulating component to the surface of an aluminum nitride substrate.

Abstract: A relatively dense composite refractory material which has reasonable strength and good thermal shock resistance comprises an alumina matrix material within which are dispersed particles of polycrystalline zirconia comprises from 1.0 to 40 percent by volume of the composite material. Each particle of zirconia is an agglomerate of microcrystals which are strongly bonded together. Due to the agglomerates of the bonding together of the microcrystals at their grain boundaries. The microcrystals contain no matrix material within their agglomerates, and exhibit strong thermal expansion anisotropy. They have a size such that cracks do not form spontaneously within the agglomerates during cooling from about 1600.degree. C. to room temperature. Typically the agglomerates have a mean diameter of from 10 to 15 micrometers, while the average diameter of the microcrystals in an agglomerate is from 1 to 2 micrometers.

Abstract: A hafnium-containing silazane polymer is obtained through a polymerization reaction of which the reactants are(A) a halide of an organic silicon compound;(B) a hafnium compound having a the formula:HfX.sub.4 [I]wherein X is chlorine or bromine, and(C) a disilazane having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 may be the same or different and are hydrogen, methyl ethyl, phenyl or vinyl.

Abstract: A rechargeable non-aqueous secondary cell comprising a negative electrode; a positive electrode comprising a lithium containing manganese oxide as its active material, wherein the positive electrode has a specific surface area measured by the BET method of 9.0 m.sup.2 /g to 67.5 m.sup.2 /g; and a separator interposed between the positive and the negative electrodes which is impregnated with a non-aqueous electrolyte. A recharageable non-aqueous secondary cell comprising a negative electrode; a positive electrode comprising a lithium containing manganese oxide as its active material, which has grain sizes of substantially 20 .mu.m or less, when observed by a scanning electron microscope; and a separator interposed between the positive and said negative electrodes impregnated with a non-aqueous electrolyte.