Abstract: Sensor error detection with an additional sensing channel is disclosed herein. First, second, third sensing elements can be disposed at angles relative to one another. In some embodiments, the first, second, and third sensing elements can be magnetic sensing elements, such as anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) sensing elements. Sensor data from first, second, and third sensing channels, respectively having the first, second, and third sensing elements, can be obtained. Expected third sensing channel data can be determined and compared to the obtained third sensing channel data to indicate error.

Abstract: A method of reducing artifacts produced during Fast Spin Echo measurements made using permanent magnet NMR instruments. The method includes applying encoding gradients that do not switch signs throughout the experiment. Prior to the 90° RF pulse, a strong RM gradient pulse is given to produce a dominant and constant residual magnetization. The encoding is done through the combination of encoding gradients with the aid of the 180° RF pulses of the echo train. A first constant encoding gradient is given before the first 180 pulse. Then two variable encoding gradients are provided after each 180 pulse; one applied prior to and one applied subsequent to each acquisition in the echo train.

Abstract: A resistive element includes a resistive region in a semiconductor substrate, a first contact structure and a second contact structure. The semiconductor substrate includes a first main surface area. The resistive region extends in a lateral direction parallel to the main surface area and in a vertical direction perpendicular to the main surface area, and includes a first piezo-resistive coefficient for a current flow in the lateral direction and a second piezo-resistive coefficient for a current flow in the vertical direction. The first contact structure contacts a portion of a first face of the resistive region and the second contact structure contacts a portion of a second face of the resistive region. The resistive element generates a current flow distribution within the resistive region having a lateral component and a vertical component that results in a piezo-resistive coefficient of the resistive element.

Abstract: A Hall detection device for a thickness of a sheet medium is provided, including a mounting rack, a reference shaft and a floating wheel assembly, wherein the floating wheel assembly includes a bracket and at least one floating wheel, one end of the bracket being mounted on the mounting rack via a floating wheel rotary shaft and the other end thereof being rotationally fitted with the floating wheel so as to form a free end, a torsional spring is provided between the floating wheel rotary shaft and the bracket so that the floating wheel elastically bears against the reference shaft, and the bracket is fixedly mounted with a detection block and a sensor for detecting a displacement amount of the detection block.

Abstract: A sensor element includes a first conductive electrode having a first conductive member electrically coupled thereto; an absorptive dielectric layer comprising a polymer of intrinsic microporosity; and a second conductive electrode having a second conductive member electrically coupled thereto. The second conductive electrode comprises at least one noble metal, has a thickness of from 4 to 10 nanometers and is permeable to at least one organic vapor. The absorptive dielectric layer is at least partially disposed between the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode. A method of making the sensor element, and sensor device containing it, are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for determining the speed of a rolling stock, for example the belt speed of a rolling belt, wherein electromagnetic radiation in the microwave range is transmitted to the rolling stock by at least one transmitting and receiving device and the belt speed is determined on the basis of the reflected and received reflection signal in an evaluation device. A device for carrying out such method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A partial discharge sensor evaluation method includes a first frequency characteristic measuring process in which, in a state where a reference antenna 3 for which a frequency characteristic in an effective height is known and a measuring antenna 2 are installed on a flat ground 1 to be separated by a predetermined distance from each other, a transmission characteristic measurer 4 measures a frequency characteristic of a transmission characteristic between the reference antenna 3 and the measuring antenna 2, and a second frequency characteristic measuring process in which, in a state where a measured antenna 9 is installed inside a cylindrical ground 6 buried in a circular opening 5 formed at a position where the reference antenna 3 has been installed, the transmission characteristic measurer 4 measures the frequency characteristic of the transmission characteristic between the measured antenna 9 and the measuring antenna 2.

Abstract: A low cost, two-dimensional, fingerprint sensor includes a pixel array, each pixel including a switch and a pixel electrode for forming a capacitance with a fingertip. One or more active transmission electrodes are spaced from a selected row of the pixel array, and transmit a carrier signal into the finger without direct coupling into the selected pixels. Signals sensed by the pixel array are coupled to an independent integrated circuit, and connections between the IC and the pixel array are reduced by demultiplexing row select lines, and by multiplexing sensed column data. Differential sensing may be used to improve common mode noise rejection. The fingerprint sensor may be conveniently incorporated within a conventional touchpad LCD panel, and can mimic the performance of lower density touchpad pixels.

Abstract: A low cost, two-dimensional, fingerprint sensor includes a pixel array, each pixel including a switch and a pixel electrode for forming a capacitance with a fingertip. One or more active transmission electrodes are spaced from a selected row of the pixel array, and transmit a carrier signal into the finger without direct coupling into the selected pixels. Signals sensed by the pixel array are coupled to an independent integrated circuit, and connections between the IC and the pixel array are reduced by demultiplexing row select lines, and by multiplexing sensed column data. Differential sensing may be used to improve common mode noise rejection. The fingerprint sensor may be conveniently incorporated within a conventional touchpad LCD panel, and can mimic the performance of lower density touchpad pixels.

Abstract: A low cost, two-dimensional, fingerprint sensor includes a pixel array, each pixel including a switch and a pixel electrode for forming a capacitance with a fingertip. One or more active transmission electrodes are spaced from a selected row of the pixel array, and transmit a carrier signal into the finger without direct coupling into the selected pixels. Signals sensed by the pixel array are coupled to an independent integrated circuit, and connections between the IC and the pixel array are reduced by demultiplexing row select lines, and by multiplexing sensed column data. Differential sensing may be used to improve common mode noise rejection. The fingerprint sensor may be conveniently incorporated within a conventional touchpad LCD panel, and can mimic the performance of lower density touchpad pixels.

Abstract: A low cost, two-dimensional, fingerprint sensor includes a pixel array, each pixel including a switch and a pixel electrode for forming a capacitance with a fingertip. One or more active transmission electrodes are spaced from a selected row of the pixel array, and transmit a carrier signal into the finger without direct coupling into the selected pixels. Signals sensed by the pixel array are coupled to an independent integrated circuit, and connections between the IC and the pixel array are reduced by demultiplexing row select lines, and by multiplexing sensed column data. Differential sensing may be used to improve common mode noise rejection. The fingerprint sensor may be conveniently incorporated within a conventional touchpad LCD panel, and can mimic the performance of lower density touchpad pixels.

Abstract: An oscilloscope includes at least one demonstration signal generator integrated as part of the oscilloscope. The demonstration signal generator generates stimulus signals that consist of digital samples of various different stored waveforms without the need of a separate demonstration board or signal source. The demonstration signal generator may loop through different sections of the stored waveforms to generate respective stimulus signals that include sequences of digital samples from the different waveforms in combination, to provide a broad range of stimulus signals. The stimulus signals may be displayed on the oscilloscope or output from the oscilloscope as demonstration mode stimulus signals to demonstrate the capabilities of the oscilloscope to customers or for training.

Abstract: Methods, devices and systems for three-dimensional location of the disposition of a sensor coil in a subject including are disclosed. The systems include an array of three or more triplet or quadruplet drive coil sets, at least one moveable sensor coil configured to be disposed in a subject and to provide one or more sensor coil response signals responsive to the respective electromagnetic wave fields, a receiving component configured to control drive signals to the array of drive coil sets and to measure sensor coil response signals from the moveable sensor coil, and a processor is configured to determine a sensor coil disposition in the subject relative to said triplet or quadruplet drive coil sets. The receiving component provides a modified drive signal to maximize or optimize the generated respective electromagnetic wave fields, or the one or more sensor coil response signals.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining insulation resistance at a PV generator includes a first unit configured to shift a generator potential at an output terminal of the PV generator, and a second unit. The second unit is configured to determine the insulation resistance by: connecting a measurement voltage to the output terminal of the PV generator, measuring a first current value and a first voltage value at the output terminal of the PV generator before the measurement voltage is connected, measuring a second current value and a second voltage value at the output terminal of the PV generator after the measurement voltage is connected, and determining the insulation resistance of the PV generator based on the measured first and second current values and the measured first and second voltage values. The first and second units are connected in series.

Abstract: Methods, devices and systems for three-dimensional location of the disposition of a sensor coil in a subject including are disclosed. The systems include an array of three or more triplet or quadruplet drive coil sets, at least one moveable sensor coil configured to be disposed in a subject and to provide one or more sensor coil response signals responsive to the respective electromagnetic wave fields, a receiving component configured to control drive signals to the array of drive coil sets and to measure sensor coil response signals from the moveable sensor coil, and a processor is configured to determine a sensor coil disposition in the subject relative to said triplet or quadruplet drive coil sets. The receiving component provides a modified drive signal to maximize or optimize the generated respective electromagnetic wave fields, or the one or more sensor coil response signals.

Abstract: A ground-fault determination apparatus, which is for use in a vehicle power supply system including a DC power source and a DC supply circuit, includes an acquisition unit that applies an AC signal to the DC supply circuit through a series connection of a resistor and a capacitor to acquire a peak value of the AC signal divided by a resistance of the resistor and an insulation resistance of the DC supply circuit, a ground-fault determination unit that determines presence of a ground-fault based on a comparison between a determination threshold and the peak value, an estimation unit that estimates at least one of a maximum output voltage of the DC supply circuit and a common capacitance between the DC supply circuit and a vehicle body, and a setting unit that sets the determination threshold based on at least one of the maximum output voltage and the common capacitance.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for detecting a malfunction of a sensor for measuring an analyte concentration in vivo, wherein a series of measurement signals is produced by means of the sensor, and a value of a noise parameter is continually determined from the measuring signals, the noise parameter indicating how severely the measurement is impaired by interference signals. According to the invention, continually determined values of the noise parameter are used to determine how quickly the noise parameter changes, and the rate of change of the noise parameter is evaluated to detect a malfunction.

Abstract: A diagnostic method for contact resistance failure includes estimating electrical contact surface resistance of at least one contactor, determining a faulted status of the at least one contactor and indicating the faulted status of the at least one contactor if the at least one contactor is in the faulted status.

Abstract: Methods, devices and systems for location of the disposition of a medical probe in a subject are disclosed. An array of electromagnetic drive coil sets, each set having two or three dimensionally oriented drive coils, a sensor coil being electromagnetically communicative with the array of electromagnetic drive coil sets, a discrete core wire providing response to electrical stimuli of the subject, and a system controller communicative with and adapted to energize one or more of the electromagnetic coils in the array of electromagnetic drive coil sets are disclosed. The energizing of the one or more of the electromagnetic coils including one or more of energizing the coils singly, or in pairs of x-y and y-z or x-z coils while measuring the response of the sensor coil, whereby the system uses the measurements of the responses of the sensor coil to calculate the location of the sensor coil relative to said drive coil sets.

Abstract: A first pattern and a second pattern are stacked with each other. In a pattern of a first circuit for high voltage, a GND is formed as a solid pattern. In a pattern of a second circuit for low voltage, a GND is formed as a solid pattern. The solid pattern of the GND of the pattern of the first circuit for high voltage and the solid pattern of the GND of the pattern of the second circuit for low voltage partially face each other, thereby improving noise-resistant performance of the circuit for high voltage.