Abstract: An organophilic clay comprising the reaction product of:(a) a smectite-type clay;(b) a first organic cation in an amount of from about 75% to about 150% of the cation exchange capacity of the smectite-type clay; and(c) a second organic cation provided by a polyalkoxylated quaternary ammonium salt; wherein the second organic cation is present in an amount of from about 0.01% to about 20% by weight of the total organic cation content.

Abstract: A process for coating particulate zirconia for use in ceramics is claimed. The particulate zirconia is coated with a hydrous oxide of a stabilizing metal such as yttrium, an alkaline earth metal or a rare earth metal by hydrolysis of a salt of the metal. An initial dispersion of the zirconia is prepared at a pH above 7.5 and, preferably, in the presence of an organic dispersing agent.The coated zirconia produced according to the process has been shown to form ceramic bodies with a higher strength than those prepared from particulate zirconia coated by prior known processes.

Abstract: This invention relates to inorganic materials which incorporate metallic material and which have desirable magnetic properties, to methods of making such filled materials, and to applications of the filled material, including their use as fillers in plastics and in ceramics. An inorganic material is provided having a microporous structure (as hereinbefore defined) in which at least some of the micropores thereof are at least partially filled by at least one metal, metal alloy or metal compound or mixture thereof forming a structure within the micropores and which are present in an amount sufficient to modify the magnetic and optionally the electrically conductive properties of the unfilled material. Preferably the structure formed within the micropores is a dimensional structure (as hereinbefore defined) which is influenced by the structure of the microporous material. A preferred material is a zeolite loaded with at least 1% by weight of cobalt.

Abstract: A water- and oil-repellent composition which comprises a water- and oil-repellent having a fluoroalkyl group, and a glycerol compound selected from the group consisting of glycerol, an ester derivative of glycerol, an ether derivative of glycerol and polyglycerol having a melting point of lower than 70.degree. C., imparts good water- and oil-repellency and good feeling to a fabric.

Abstract: A green tinted, ultraviolet absorbing glass is disclosed having a standard soda-lime-silica base glass composition and a colorant portion consisting essentially of:______________________________________ CeO.sub.2 Less than 0.5 weight % Total iron Greater than 0.85 weight % (as Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3) FeO/total iron Less than 0.275. ______________________________________The glass reduces the amount of costly cerium required to yield low ultraviolet transmittance, viz., no greater than 31 percent (300 to 390 nanometers) at a reference thickness of 3.9 millimeters.

Abstract: An electroconductive zinc oxide sintered body composed of sintered particles fusion-bonded in the grain boundaries thereof; which has a sintered density of from 5 to 5.5 g/cm.sup.3 ; and which does not substantially contain closed cells isolated from the outside in the interior of the sintered body. The electroconductive zinc oxide sintered body is prepared by sintering a mixture of an oxide of an element having a positive valency of at least 3 and zinc oxide in the presence of water at a temperature of at least 1,300.degree. C. The electroconductive zinc oxide sintered body is used as a sputtering target for the preparation of a low resistance, transparent electroconductive film.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a ceramic material comprisinga) reacting at least one organochlorosilane of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is Cl, H, C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 -alkyl or phenyl, optionally together with at least one organochlorosilane of the formula ##STR2## in which R.sup.2 is Cl, C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 -alkyl, vinyl or phenyl, with ammonia in an inert solvent to form a product of ammonolysis,b) polymerizing the product of ammonolysis in an inert solvent in the presence of a basic catalyst of the formulaR.sup.3 R.sup.4 R.sup.5 R.sup.6 N.sup.+ A.sup.- (III)in whichR.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 each independently is an organic radical containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms, andA is a basic anion which is capable of causing deprotonation,thereby to form an organic silazane polymer,c) rendering the catalyst inactive at a temperature above its decomposition temperature, andd) sintering the silazane polymer.

Abstract: A high discharge rate electrochemical battery structure is disclosed as having a perforated disc electrode stack comprising pluralities of disc electrodes respectively connected to a pair of busbars. Each disc electrode has a tab with two fins which are bent at 90 degrees to the disc electrode. Each fin is inserted between two parts of the corresponding busbar and welded thereto. The design of the busbars and disc electrodes provides for redundancy of electrical contact, high thermal and electrical conductivity and improved resistance to mechanical shock.

Abstract: Reactive metals, such as titanium or nickel-chrome superalloys containing rare earths, are cast with mold and/or core surface areas formed from an improved slurry. The improved slurry contains yttria to form an inert surface which is exposed to the molten reactive metal. In order to prevent premature gelation of the slurry, the forming of defects in the mold and/or core surface areas, and the forming of defects in the cast article, the slurry contains a source of hydroxyl ions. The source of hydroxyl ions is sufficient to result in the slurry having a pH of at least 10.2 six days after initially mixing the slurry. The source of hydroxyl ions may be a metal alkali or an organic hydroxide. It is believed that the source of hydroxyl ions functions as a hydration suppressant for the yttria to prevent premature gelation of the slurry. The slurry contains a silicon oxide (SiO.sub.2) to alkali ratio which is equivalent to a silicon oxide to sodium oxide (Na.sub.

Abstract: Superconducting materials of the (T1,In)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O system-type are modified to raise their critical tempertures by substituting an element M for part of the Tl/In and optionally substituting Y or a rare earth element for some of the Ca.M is a transition metal with valency electrons in d orbitals in its normal state and having accessible tri-and/or tetra-valent states, that is V, Ti, Cr, Zr, Nb, Hf or Ta (which are preferred) Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Mo, Rh, W, Os, Ir, Re or Ru.

Abstract: A ceramic sliding member is formed of sintered silicon nitride material which contains Si.sub.3 N.sub.4 as the major component and further contains Y, Mg and Ce, the Y content being 2 to 20% by weight in terms of Y.sub.2 O.sub.3, the Mg content being 0.1 to 0.9% by weight in terms of MgO, and the Ce content being 1 to 10% by weight in terms of CeO.sub.2.

Abstract: A method for preparing an article from a powder includes the step of providing a partially consolidated mixture of a solid powder and an organic binder system. The partially consolidated mixture is contacted with a stiffening solution comprising a stiffening agent that effects at least partial cross-linking of the organic binder system, and a solvent that dissolves the stiffening agent but not the organic binder system. The binder system is thereafter removed, and the article sintered.

Abstract: A directionally conductive polymer (DCP) provides an electrical interconnect between terminal or conductors on a pair of electrical components. The DCP is applied in viscous film form to the interface between the two components. The DCP comprises a resinous matrix containing metal particles in an amount normally causing the film to act as an electrical insulator. Electrical conduction through the film is normally inhibited in an unstressed state. When a stress is applied to the film, the metal particles make contact to form a continuous electrical path through the film in alignment with the applied stress. The metal particles maintain electrical insulating properties in regions of the film not subjected to the applied stress. In one embodiment, the film includes a metal polymer dispersed in a dielectric carrier resin. A first resinous material dissolved in a solvent contains a dispersion of metal particles. The dielectric material comprises a second resinous material dissolved in the same solvent.

Abstract: A ceramic sinter whose mother phase substantially satisfies a sialon composition. This sialon containing ceramic sinter contains at least one kind of compound selected from the group of oxides, carbides, nitrides, and silicides of hafnium, niobium, or titanium in the range of from 0.2 to 40 weight %. The compound of hafnium, niobium, or titanium is present independently in the mother phase in particle-dispersive form. The dispersed particles contribute to improving the mechanical strength, fracture toughness, and heat impact resistance because the sinter body is reinforced by dispersion. The sialon containing ceramic sinter is so excellent in high-temperature properties that it is suitable for use in high-temperature structural materials. Further, a .beta.

Abstract: The invention relates to refractory materials having high resistance to corrosion, high mechanical strength at elevated temperature and high resistance to thermal shock, comprising:(A) grains of at least one refractory material whose melting point or, where appropriate, thermal decomposition temperature is higher than 1700.degree. C., these particles being dispersed in(B) a binding matrix consisting predominantly of a sialon of formula Si.sub.6-z Al.sub.z O.sub.z N.sub.8-z, where z ranges from 0.5 to 4, as determined from an X-ray diffraction pattern, wherein said refractory materials also comprise:(C) particles of hexagonal boron nitride and/or crystalline graphite dispersed in the binding matrix.Use in iron and steel metallurgy, in particular as slide closing plates, immersed nozzles, etc.

Abstract: A problem on removing dental restorative material can be to know its exact extent, otherwise sound tooth material may be unnecessarily removed. The inventive restorative material is made identifiable by adding crushed ruby powder, which fluoresces under standard dental blue light.

Abstract: An organic silazane polymer is prepared by reacting ammonia gas with a mixture of a trihalosilane and a monohalosilane, for example, methyltrichlorosilane and trimethylchlorosilane in an organic solvent to form a silazane compound, and heating the silazane compound at 200 to 350.degree. C. for polymerization. By melting, shaping, infusibilizing, and firing the silazane polymer, there is obtained a ceramic material.

Abstract: This invention relates to high solids content aqueous calcium stearate dispersions useful as lubricating agents in paper and paperboard coating compositions.

Abstract: This invention relates to a lightened gas-impermeable cement grout which comprises hydraulic cement, water, silica fumes in an amount of from about 5 to about 65 weight % based on the weight of the cement, and at least one polyethylene imine having a molecular weight of between about 600,000 and about 1,000,000 in an amount of from about 1 to about 25% weight % based on the weight of the water.

Abstract: A method of producing a refractory material of the non-shaped type is disclosed. Refractory aggregates and a binder are mixed ensuring cohesion by chemical bonding. The mixture is shaped and fired. A charge comprising refractory particles of a polymodal granulometric distribution is mixed with a liquid binder consisting of a mixture in an aqueous medium of polysilicate-based mineral polymers and a mineral polymer comprising sialate groups. The paste obtained is shaped and after hardening of the mixture at a temperature between ambient temperature and 200.degree. C., the hardened mixture is brought to a temperature between 200.degree. and 1300.degree. in order to obtain a refractory material having high mechanical properties, high resistance to thermal shock and resistance to chemical corrosion.