Abstract: A fuel cell stack is cooled by evaporation of water into a carrier gas such as fuel or oxidant. The coolant and the carrier gas are separately supplied to the cooler, and this allows the fuel cell to operate at high pressure without raising cell temperature.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to compositions and methods for forming boron nitride coatings, using polymers derived from tri-substituted borazine and chloroborazine compounds. The polymeric compounds are mixed with ammonia, pyrolized at high temperatures to obtain a high temperature melt, and further converted to boron nitride coatings on various substrates. The polymeric compounds can be stored prior to pyrolysis.

Abstract: Green ceramic formulations comprising a polyisobutylene binder are suitable for tape casting and can be effectively removed during thermal processing in reducing atmospheres. The binder may be removed in substantially dry reducing atmosphere. The tapes may be used for forming ceramic substrates and metallized ceramics such as those used in electronic packaging.

Abstract: Structures containing conducting polymers and methods of fabrication thereof. Electrical conductivity can be induced in polymers selected from the group of substituted and unsubstituted polyanilines, polyparaphenylenvinyles, substituted and unsubstituted polythiophenes substituted and unsubstituted poly-p-phenylene sulfides, substituted polyfuranes, substituted polypyrroles, substituted polyselenophene, polyacetylines formed from soluble precursors, combinations thereof and blends thereof with other polymers. The polymer contains a doping precursor, selected from the group of onium salts, iodonium salts, triflate salts, borate salts and tosylate salts and sulfonoxylimides. Conductivity can be selectively induced in the polymer by selectively doping upon selective exposure to a source of energy such as electromagnetic radiation, an electron beam and heat.

Abstract: An ultraviolet radiation resistant coating is disclosed comprising a hydroxy-containing organic UV absorbing compound such as hydroxybenzotriazole which comprises hydrophilic moieties such as ethoxylate or propoxylate so that the compound is miscible and reactive with an inorganic oxide matrix formed by hydrolysis and condensation of an alkoxysilane and/or other metal alkoxide.

Abstract: A sintered article is produced by mixing an intermetallic compound (binding phase) composed of at least one member selected from among carbides, nitrides, and borides of the elements of Groups 4a, 5a, and 6a in the Periodic Table of Elements and at least one element selected from among Al, Ni, Si, Co, Zr, and W with wBN, then mixing the resultant mixture with cBN and firing the produced mixture under a pressure exceeding 20 Kb at a temperature exceeding 1,000.degree. C. As a material for cutting tools, the sintered article is superior in quality to the conventional sintered article.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an ionically conductive material formed of (A) organopolysiloxane having at least two carboxyl group-containing hydrocarbon groups in each molecule, (B) polyoxyalkylene having at least two hydroxyl groups in each molecule, and, (C) metal ion from Group I or Group II of the Periodic Table, wherein said metal ion is dispersed in the aforesaid crosslinked copolymer.

Abstract: Improved ceramic compositions are provided that are useful in the formulation of microwave susceptors as well as the susceptor articles fabricated therefrom. The novel compositions include a binder and a microwave absorbing material of compounds selected from the group consisting of carbides, borides, or nitrides which compositions are sintered at temperatures above about 800.degree. C.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a process for producing a boron nitride-coated SiC whisker, comprising dissolving a borazine represented by the following formula (I) in hexane, dispersing a SiC whisker in the resultant solution, collecting the SiC whisker thus treated by filtration, drying and baking it in a non-oxidizing atmosphere at 1000.degree. to 1800.degree. C. to form a boron nitride coating on the surface of the SiC whisker: ##STR1## wherein R is an atom or a group selected from the group consisting of Cl, N(C.sub.2 H.sub.5).sub.2, NH.sub.2, NHCH.sub.3 and CH.sub.3, and R' is an atom or a group selected from the group consisting of H and CH.sub.3.

Abstract: This invention relates to processes for preparing a ceramic article having as its principal crystalline phase a leucite/pollucite solid solution. The process involves the use of a zeolite to form the article. Zeolites which can be used are those that have a SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 ratio of about 3.5 to about 7.5 such as zeolite Y. The zeolite is exchanged with potassium, rubidium and cesium, then calcined at a temperature of about 900.degree. to about 1100.degree. C. for a time to collapse the zeolite framework and provide an amorphous powder. Next, the amorphous powder is formed into a shaped article and the article is sintered at a temperature of about 1150.degree. to about 1400.degree. C. for a time of about 0.5 to about 12 hours to give a ceramic article whose principal crystalline phase is a leucite/pollucite solid solution, is substantially crack free, has less than 5% porosity, and a coefficient of thermal expansion of about 2.times.10.sup.-6 to about 27.times.10.sup.-60 C.sup.-1.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods to produce solid electroyte composites and solid electrode composites employed extensively to fabricate various solid electrochemical devices such as batteries, capacitors, sensors, display devices, recording devices, etc., and also to offer methods to produce solid electrolyte composites of high mechanical strength and large area electrode composites wherein fine powders of said solid electrolyte are uniformly dispersed.

Abstract: Pourable molding compounds containing sinterable powders contain, based on the total compound,a) from 60 to 95% by weight of sinterable powders,b) from 0.1 to 10% by weight of a surfactant, obtainable by alkoxylation of an aliphatic alcohol, fatty acid, fatty acid amide, fatty acid ester or aliphatic amine,c) from 2 to 35% by weight of an organic solvent having a melting point <10.degree. C. and a boiling point of from 40.degree. to 180.degree. C., selected from the group comprising the alkanes, ethers, esters and ketones.

Abstract: New electrically conductive polymer compositions comprisei) an electrically conductive polymer a) of one or more oxidatively polymerizable aromatic compounds andii) a polymer d) having ammonium, phosphonium or sulfonium groups in the polymer chain(s).The polymer compositions comprising polymers a) and d) are prepared by oxidative polymerization of one or more aromatic compounds in the presence of a polymer b) having ammonium, phosphonium or sulfonium groups in the polymer chain(s) and containing a polydentate anionic complex which has a redox potential sufficient for enabling oxidative polymerization of the aromatic compounds. Said polymer b) which has a non-metallic anionic complex such as S.sub.2 O.sub.8.sup.2- is also novel.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel polymeric hydridochlorosilazanes, to their preparation, to their processing to form ceramic materials containing silicon nitride, and to said materials themselves. The polymeric hydridochlorosilazanes are prepared by reacting oligohydridoorganosilazanes of the general formula (R.sup.1 SiHNH).sub.n, in which n is about 3 to about 12, with at least one of the chlorosilanes R.sup.2 SiHCl.sub.2, R.sup.3 SiCl.sub.3, Cl.sub.2 R.sup.4 Si--CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --SiR.sup.4 Cl.sub.2 or Cl.sub.3 Si--CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --SiR.sup.5 Cl.sub.2 at 30.degree. C. to 300.degree. C., where the radicals independently of one another have the following meanings:R.sup.1 =a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl or C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkenyl group,R.sup.2 =a C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkenyl group if R.sup.2 SiHCl.sub.2 is reacted with the oligosilazanes by itself, orR.sup.2 =a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl or C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkenyl group if R.sup.2 SiHCl.sub.2 is reacted with the oligosilazanes as a mixture with other chlorosilanes, andR.

Abstract: A hydraulic composition comprises a hydraulic component and an organic hydrogel, and optionally aggregate, a reinforcing material and other additives and has a slump value, determined by the testing method of JIS A1101, of not more than about 1 cm in a concrete formulation and a flow value, determined by the testing method of JIS R5201, of not more than about 120 mm in a mortar or paste formulation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of forming ceramic matrix composite bodies comprising a parent metal reacting with an oxidant to produce an oxidation reaction product which infiltrates a loose unbounded mass or a preform comprising a filler material mixture. Specifically, the filler material mixture used in the method of the present invention comprises a material having varying compositions, sizes and/or shapes of filler material within the mass or preform. By utilizing a filler possessing varying compositions, sizes and/or shapes, enhanced packing of the filler material is achieved which may result in improved properties, such as erosion resistance, corrosion resistance, etc. Further, the use of filler material containing varying sizes and/or shapes may also enhance the growth rate of oxidation reaction product, thereby reducing processing times for formation of the resultant ceramic composite body.

Abstract: The invention concerns self-supporting ceramic structures, including ceramic composite structures embedding a filler, and methods of making them. The ceramic structures comprise a polycrystalline material made by oxidation of a body of molten parent metal with an oxidant. The polycrystalline material has a first region substrate surmounted by a terminal region stratum which is integral with the first region. The terminal region stratum, may be harder and of denser, finer crystalline structure than the first region substrate, is formed in a reaction stage subsequent to the reaction stage in which the first region of polycrystalline material is formed. Growth of the first stage is attained by attenuating or interrupting the transport of molten parent metal to the first region under conditions which nonetheless leave or maintain therein enough oxidizable molten parent metal to form the polycrystalline material of the terminal region.

Abstract: This invention relates to electrically conductive polymers comprised of conjugated backbone polymers doped with one or more non-oxidizing protonic acids.

Abstract: Disclosed are improved ceramic compositions which are useful in the formulation of microwave susceptors and to the susceptors fabricated therefrom for disposable packages for the microwave heating of food items. The compositions include certain metal salts as time/temperature profile moderators in addition to a novel microwave absorbing material and a binder. Certain metal salts can be used to dampen or lower the final temperatures reached upon microwave heating the ceramic compositions. Other metal salts can be used to increase or accelerate the final temperature reached upon microwave heating. The microwave absorbing materials comprise selected ceramics in both their native and amphoteric forms. Such useful ceramics are those with residual lattice charges or an unbalance of charge in the fundamental framework or layers such as vermiculite, bentonite, hectorite, zeolites, selected micas including Glauconite, phlogopite and Biotite and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Methyl silicone resins are pyrolized in a non-oxidizing atmosphere to form a translucent glass comprised of silicon, oxygen and carbon where silicon atoms are chemically bonded to carbon and oxygen atoms, but there are essentially no chemical bonds between carbon and oxygen atoms. The translucent silicon-oxy-carbide glasses of this invention resist devitrification and decomposition in oxidizing or reducing atmospheres at temperatures of about 1250.degree. C. or greater. Methods for forming silicon-oxy-carbide glass articles are disclosed, along with specific methods for forming silicon-oxy-carbide glass fibres, composites, and cellular structures.