Abstract: A method for transportation, utilization and recovery of heat comprises the wide-area installation of methanol and reformed gas supply pipelines, combustion of the methanol and reformed gas to obtain high-temperature heat, subjecting reformed gas supplied from the reformed gas supply pipeline to an exothermic reform reaction and feeding the methanol thus produced into the methanol supply pipeline to obtain low-temperature heat, subjecting methanol supplied from the methanol supply pipeline to an endothermic reform reaction and feeding the reformed gas thus produced into the reformed gas supply pipeline and recovering the waste heat that is generated.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for maintaining an electrically operating device at a desired temperature during burn-in testing of the device includes immersing the device in a bath of an inert liquid having a boiling point less than the desired case temperature. The device generates heat during electrical operation which is transferred to the bath by nucleate boiling of the liquid. The device temperature is monitored until it stabilizes at a temperature between the boiling point of the liquid and the desired device temperature. An inert liquid having a boiling point greater than the desired devise temperature is slowly added to the bath to modify the rate of nucleate boiling of the lower-boiling liquid, while the device temperature is simultaneously monitored, until the case temperature reaches the desired device temperature.

Abstract: A method is provided for cooling of particulate material from a combustion plant, especially intended for cooling of fine-grained dust which has been separated from the flue gases from a PFBC power plant, and in which the material is transported pneumatically with the flue gas as transport means. A cooler is provided at the inlet of which there is a space for separation of the particulate material from the transport gas. The transport gas is removed via a gas cleaner. The particulate material is collected in a duct where it forms a particulate column. The duct includes cooling modules, suitably water-cooled, which cool the material on its way down through the duct. The duct comprises devices for the supply of a gas for stirring the material in the duct while the remaining flue gas is being separated from the particulate column.

Abstract: A coolant system is disclosed for use with a machine tool in which coolant is used to both cool and lubricate a workpiece and cutting tool. The system of the present invention utilizes a positive displacement pump with one or more spray nozzles each having a restricted orifice whereby the coolant is sprayed from the nozzles at a relatively high velocity and pressure enabling the coolant to be precisely directed to the cutting location to provide optimum cooling and lubricating of the workpiece and cutting tool. Check valves are provided for both the pump inlet and outlet lines to maintain the pump in a primed condition and prevent drainage of coolant from the coolant system when the pump is not operating.

Abstract: A heat pipe is disclosed for use in a vapor-absorption heat pump to provide high efficiency heat transfer between first and second fluids in contact with opposing first and second faces of the heat pipe. Although preferably disk-shaped and adapted for rotation for use in compact heat pumps, the heat pipe may be used in heat pump applications requiring other shapes, and may be either fixed or moving. In a further aspect of the invention, a vapor-absorption heat pump is provided incorporating at least one such heat pipe in at least one component thereof.

Abstract: A heat exchanger for exchanging heat between a first fluid and a second fluid comprises a moving partition member for heat transmission between the first fluid and the second fluid, a housing partitioned by the moving partition member into a first chamber for passing the first fluid and a second chamber for passing the second fluid, and a power source for rotating the moving partition member.

Abstract: A heating furnace is provided with a counterflow heat exchanger defining serpentine up flow fresh air passages and downflow combustion products passages. The exchanger is of sheet metal modular construction.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an improved regenerative thermal oxidizer and a method of purifying gases by raising gases to their auto ignition temperature and by exchanging heat by inleting and outleting gases. The reactor has at least three regenerative thermal chamber units and these units have on a single surface at least three openings, a purge opening, an inlet opening and an outlet opening, which are connected to recycled outlet gases for purging, and to inlet and outlet gases respectively. Set against the purge, inlet and outlet openings is a slidable gate which has a single opening which moves through cycles so that its single opening coincides with the inlet opening of its chamber unit, or coincides with one or more spaces which are closed between the inlet and outlet opening, or with the purge opening, or coincide with the outlet opening. In other words, the gate cycles between inleting gases, no gas movement, purge position, no gas movement and outleting gases.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for multi-stage sorption and desorption of process gas using a multiple concentric tube apparatus having a thermal supply gas pass through the central conduit creating a thermal wave passing through a high temperature sorption/desorption salt in the innermost annular compartment desorbing prior sorbed process gas followed by passing the thermal wave to an outer annular compartment which together with heat of sorption of process gas in an inner annular compartment desorbs process gas in the outer annular compartment. The process is useful in heat pumps and gas evaporative cooling cycles.

Abstract: An evaporation heat exchanger having at least one active circulating circuit for a coolant liquid to be cooled, is constructed for removing heat in a spacecraft under a gravity-free operating condition and under different acceleration conditions. For this purpose, a housing encloses an evaporating space provided with at least one inlet valve for controlling the admission of a medium to be evaporated. The produced vapor or steam is discharged through a respective outlet port. A plurality of cooling tubes interconnected in a meandering shape form a number of tube panels in which the individual tubes are arranged with a different spacing from one another in a direction from the inlet valve to the outlet port. Preferably, these spacings increase in the flow direction from the inlet port to the outlet port to establish a constant flow speed for the evaporating medium. The tubes forming a panel may be arranged in a zig-zag pattern within the panel.

Abstract: A variable conductance heat pipe includes an electronic component mounting plate serving as the evaporator of the heat pipe. The evaporator is connected to an air cooled condenser which condenses vapor flowing from the evaporator. The evaporator has a sump located at the lowest gravity point of the evaporator passage. By either vaporizing or pumping liquid from the sump and passing it back through the heat pipe a continuing wetted condition exists in the heat pipe which can accommodate heat dissipation transients by the electronic components. A control loop is closed through the heat pipe for controlling the penetration of an inert gas into the heat pipe condenser to maintain a constant temperature for the electronic components mounted thereto.

Abstract: Hot fluids are cooled in a heat exchanger which comprises a housing providing a passage for the hot fluid, and heat exchange surfaces arranged within the housing which surfaces provide a passage for a coolant to and from the housing such that there is no direct contact between the hot fluid and the coolant, and which surfaces are movable within the housing. The heat exchanger is very suitable for cooling synthesis gas obtained in the gasification of coal.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed using a combination of convection and conduction cooling to cool an article in an evacuated environment. A processing chamber is used which includes at least one heat sink. A flat surface of the article to be cooled is positioned within the chamber in a spaced apart facing parallel relationship to a facing surface of the heat sink. High conductivity gases are admitted into the chamber to accomplish cooling of the article.

Abstract: A heat recovery ventilator having a rotary wheel heat exchanger includes a unique configuration for driving both the rotary wheel heat exchanger and impellers to provide an inexpensive, compact and light-weight ventilator unit adaptable for use across a wide range of residential, commercial and industrial applications. A random matrix media is also used to provide high thermal efficiency in exchanging heat and moisture between inlet and exhaust air streams.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for cooling gases using a circulating fluidized bed technique, wherein gas is conveyed through a fluidized bed formed by circulating fluidized bed material so that part of the circulating fluidized bed material is driven along with the gas flow and whereby the circulating fluidized bed material entrained in the gas flow is separated from the gas flow and returned into the fluidized bed, and wherein at least part of the cooling is carried out by cooling the circulating fluidized bed material stream to be returned. The process is characterized in that substantially the entire cooling is realized by cooling the circulating fluidized bed material stream to be returned in a heat exchanger (10) separate from the gas flow duct, in which event the cooling of the gas stream is effected by means of the circulating fluidized bed material stream returned to the fluidized bed and having a temperature lower than that of the fluidized bed.

Abstract: For the production of a heat storage means, more particularly in the form of latent heat storage means, for vehicle heating systems run on heat from the engine, comprising a housing, which is made up of an outer container and in inner container arranged in spaced relationship to the outer container so as to include an insulating zone between them, a heat storage core arranged in the inner container and having at least one chamber for a storage medium in it, said chamber being separated by a partition wall from at least one flow path for a heat transfer medium, and an inlet duct and outlet duct for the heat transfer medium, such ducts being connected with the flow path and extending outwards through the insulating zone, a high quality insulation may be produced without thermal damage in a substantially shorter period of time, which is economically acceptable and the insulation may be sufficiently long lasting for use in automobiles, if after the insulating zone has been heated after the production of the housi

Abstract: An improved evaporator or evaporator/condenser for use in refrigeration or heat pump systems including first and second spaced, pressure resistant headers (10, 12) ; a plurality of elongated tubes (20) of flattened cross-section extending in parallel, spaced relation between and in fluid communication with the headers (10, 12) and serpentine fins (34) extending between and bonded to adjacent ones of the tubes (20). The tubes (20) and fins (34), between the headers (10, 12), define a nonplanar configuration having an apex (80). A condensate trough (82) is aligned with and opens towards the apex (80) to receive condensate dripping therefrom.

Abstract: Apparatus and process are disclosed for sorption heat pumping at high efficiency in a smooth and continuous manner using a multiplicity of intermittent cycle triplex sorption modules. The hermetically sealed trisorption modules, each of which contains at least two solid sorbents, are free of pumps, valves, restrictors, or any similar devices for flow control of refrigerant or sorbent. The preferred refrigerant is ammonia and the preferred sorbents are the solid type with monovariant equilibrium, e.g., BaCl.sub.2, SrCl.sub.2, CaCl.sub.2, MnCl.sub.2, FeCl.sub.2 and SrBr.sub.2. The apparatus is preferably adapted for residential or small-scale commercial space-conditioning applications, and operates at double-effect efficiency in both the heating and cooling modes without inter-module heat transfer.

Abstract: In method for enhancing heat transfer in a bed of powder comprising cohesive Geldart type C particles confined by a wall of a vertically oriented container and being fluidized by the upward flow of fluidizing gas through the bed of powder, heat is transferred between the bed of powder and the wall of the container, and, prior to fluidizing the particles, the fluidizing gas is selected so as to comprise a sufficient amount of helium, hydrogen, or mixtures thereof for obtaining a thermal conductivity of the fluidizing gas of at least four times that of nitrogen for enhancing heat transfer between the wall and the bed.

Abstract: A system for storing chemical energy comprises first and second vessels, the first containing a liquid solution of an alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxide, halide, or thiocyanate, or ammonium halide or thiocynate at an initial concentration of between about 30% to abotu 80%, by weight, the second vessel containing liquid, a space about the liquid in each vessel and a conduit communicating between the spaces having a valve for selectively allowing liquid vapor to pass between the spaces, means for heating the solution to a temperature above about 80.degree. F., means for cooling the liquid to a temperature below about 55.degree. F., and heat exchange means for transferring heat from the heated solution and for transferring heat to the cooled liquid. Water is the preferred liquid although ammonia, lower alcohols, and polyols such as glycerol, glycols, polyglycols, glycol ethers, lower aliphatic amines and alkanol amines, and mixtures thereof, may be used.