Abstract: A processing system for controlling a computer graphics display stores and processes bit-mapped digital pixel values to generate color display signals. The system incorporates memory elements for storing control values for each pixel, in association with color values for each pixel. Processing modules responsive to the per-pixel control and color values generate color display signals. Embedding per-pixel control information in the bitmap in association with per-pixel color information enables each pixel to independently control the operation of the processing modules on that pixel.

Abstract: The keyboard comprises piezoelectric crystal elements arranged between laminates provided with conducting strips. A voltage is generated when pressure is applied to the elements. The keyboard is tensionless in its rest state and contains no unwanted air spaces.

Abstract: A method and a device for stopping a vehicle at a predetermined position in which the distance between actual and target positions of the vehicle and the velocity and acceleration of the vehicle are detected so as to perform brake control by selecting brake control notches or settings on the basis of the detected values of the distance, the velocity and the acceleration to thereby stop the vehicle at the predetermined position, wherein fuzzy values for a stop gap accuracy in the case where the present notch or brake control setting is maintained as well as a stop gap accuracy in the case when the notch or brake control setting is changed by a predetermined value are obtained and compared with each other to thereby perform the notch or brake control setting selection.

Abstract: A coordinate input device with a display includes a position detecting tablet having a plurality of X-direction magnetostrictive transmission mediums and a plurality of Y-direction magnetostrictive transmission mediums superposed orthogonally, a first coil wound around one end of the array of magnetostrictive transmission mediums, and a second coil wound over substantially the entire lengths of the magnetostrictive transmission mediums. A position indicated on the tablet by a position indicating magnetism generator is detected by measuring the length of time between the moment at which a pulse current is applied to one of the first and second coils and the moment at which the voltage induced in the other of the first and second coils by a magnetostrictive vibration wave exceeds a threshold value owing to the sudden increase of voltage observed when the wave passes the indicated position.

Abstract: An internal shoe drum brake has a pair of shoes (1, 2) mounted on a backplate (3), and a mechanical shoe-expansion mechanism which includes a lever (9) movable angularly in a plane parallel to the backplate, an abutment device (13) mounted on the shoe (2) and retained on the shoe by a separate shoe hold-down device (14), the abutment device extending to a position adjacent the lever to provide a backstop for the latter in order to set a predetermined retracted position for the lever.

Abstract: Image display apparatus comprises, a monitor (6); a monitor control system (4,5) connected to the monitor (6); and a color modifying circuit (2) for receiving from a store (1) first signals representing the color content of pixels of an image and for generating monitor control signals for each pixel which are fed to the monitor control system. The color modifying circuit (2) generates for any first signals representing a color which falls outside the gamut of colors normally displayable by the monitor (6), monitor control signals representing a respective equivalent color which falls within the monitor gamut, by applying a predetermined algorithm to the first signals which desaturates all the image colors while leaving hue and intensity unaffected.

Abstract: A variable capacitance type encoder for measuring the length of an object to be measured on the basis of detecting the amount of movement of a probe as a function of the variation of electrostatic capacity between a rotary disk which is secured to a shaft and a pair of fixed disks which are secured to a frame body so as to be opposed to the rotary disk. On at least one fixed disk is provided first and second transmitting electrodes composed of a plurality of electrode elements to which voltages of different phases are applied. The rotary disk is provided with first and second receiving electrodes for receiving signals of a common phase by electrostatic coupling with both transmitting electrodes. Each fixed disk is further provided with an output electrode which is electrostatically coupled with the respective receiving electrode.

Abstract: There is disclosed a system, display, and method for providing a full color image from a plurality of primary colors. A liquid crystal display including a plurality of pixels arranged in rows is addressed by addressing means for addressing the rows of pixels continuously and sequentially. Data input means applies operating potentials to selected ones of the pixels as the pixels are addressed to cause the display to provide continuously progressing sequential image fields with each one of the image fields corresponding to a respective one of the primary colors. A light projecting means projects light fields of the primary colors onto the liquid crystal display in sequence with and in substantially following progression with the image fields.

Abstract: A monitor interface circuit for adapting a color display monitor to a selected one of various types of computers which generate different types of color display data receives the display data and one of several horizontal scanning frequency signals from the computer and mixes the display data as a function of the one horizontal scanning frequency to thereby generate a proper display signal for the monitor.

Abstract: In a display unit comprising a plate-shaped display panel with X-Y matrix electrodes consisting of two groups of electrodes, X-axis electrodes and Y-axis electrodes, display signals are applied to the X-Y matrix electrodes, a.c. current is applied to at least one group of electrodes one after another, and the phase of the a.c. current is compared with that of the output of an input pen having means for detecting the magnetic flux induced by the a.c. current, so that the position of the input pen on the display panel is detected from the result of the comparison.

Abstract: A portable interactive electro-optic data input/output, storage, processing, and display device responsive to hand printed text and hand drawn graphics. The device preferably comprises a combined flat panel display and pen sensing surface constructed from non-mechanical, non-emissive display elements, such as liquid crystal display elements. The device also comprises an input pen for manual entry of hand printed text and hand drawn graphics, as well as commands, directly onto the display surface for providing an electronic writing and drawing slate. The display elements themselves are preferably utilized as input pen sense locations. The flat panel display and pen sensing surface is constructed so that there is no display distortion when the input pen is in contact with the surface. Rapid input pen sensing is provided for accommodating natural pen movement on a high resolution, large area display.

Abstract: Programmable circuit for controlling a liquid crystal display (LCD controller), possibly through the intermediary of driver stages, for two bus structures, one of which serves for the exchange of data with a computer while the other serves for the exchange of data with at least one addressable memory which is associated with the liquid crystal display (LCD), with both bus structures being configured as complete, parallel bus structures composed of address, data and control lines which, when the control circuit is in a given switching state and possibly in response to a corresponding additional signal from the computer, are interconnected in such a manner that data exchange is possible between the memory associated with the liquid crystal display and the computer.

Abstract: A display control apparatus using a bit map method, for controlling character attribute data, such as an underline and an overline. In the apparatus, a line control memory is arranged to preset information of character attributes in units of lines of character fonts to be transferred to a video memory; in a DMA transfer sequence of a DMA transfer controller. Character attribute control is performed in a character controller for each line transfer according to the attribute information read out from the line control memory, and expansion of a character font from a character font memory area to the video memory can be simultaneously performed with processing of character attributes from the line control memory.

Abstract: A cursor control system for computer displays moves a cursor unambiguously in three dimensions using a two dimensional input device. The plane of movement of the two dimensional device is divided into logical regions which correspond to movement along a three dimensional axis. Movement of the two dimensional device into one of these regions causes the cursor to move along the corresponding axis of the display.

Abstract: A raster-scanned interlaced cathode ray tube display is refreshed from a bit buffer (1). Cursor control logic (17) compares the refresh address (3, 4) with a desired cursor address and generates cursor defining bit patterns in synchronism with the bit pattern derived from the bit buffer (1). The cursor control logic (17) also generates overlay information (25) to control the mixing of the bit streams in mixers (11, 12, 13) to produce a 2 or 3-pel wide cross-hair cursor on the CRT screen. The cursor lines can be black, white or transparent. The overlay signal may also be used to control a further optional mixer combining the composite cursor bit-buffer bit patterns with bit patterns derived from a coded character buffer containing coded alphanumeric characters to be displayed.

Abstract: An input device relating to the manipulation of data indicating the depressed state of key switches and to the transmission of data and adapted for picking up on-off data on switches provided at the points of intersection of conductors disposed in the form of a matrix and for transferring these data to a microprocessor.

Abstract: A vibrating fiber optic display unit is provided for use as an aircraft pilot display unit and for overcoming the problem of manually adjusting the display unit due to temperature changes. The display unit has a fiber optic ribbon having a plurality of fibers which form a display pattern at the free ends of the fibers during vibration of the fiber optic ribbon. The ribbon has light emitting diodes for the fibers. A microprocessor provides signals to the diodes for forming light dots in the display pattern. A piezo film transducer is mounted on the ribbon. Drive means vibrates the ribbon. An optocoupler has a shutter portion mounted on the ribbon. A ribbon oscillator network receives signals from the optocoupler and from the piezo film transducer and provides signal to the drive means, whereby the ribbon is vibrated at its natural frequency, and whereby the drive means automatically adjusts to changes in the ribbon natural frequency due to temperature change.

Abstract: A magnetically actuated information display device is disclosed which includes a rigid, permanently magnetized display segment movably mounted in a non-magnetic chamber having a transparent viewing window and containing an opaque fluid whose color contrasts with the color of the display device. A core affixed to the rear of the chamber is capable of being selectively magnetized so as to repel or attract the display segment, according to the selected magnetic polarity of the core. Repulsion of the display segment by the core causes the display segment to move toward the transparent window through which the color of the display segment may be viewed as the opaque fluid is displaced away from the transparent window. Attraction of the display segment by the core causes the display segment to move away from the transparent window thereby allowing the opaque fluid to obstruct viewing of the display segment. In this position, the color of the opaque fluid is viewed through the transparent window.

Abstract: Box cursors consisting of lines of identical thickness are displayed using a bit inverting technique so that overlapped portions of the cursors may be differentiated. Masks are prepared, one for each of the box cursors, which have patterns which, when exclusive ORed, result in a pattern including 1 bits. The box cursors are generated having lines corresponding to respective ones of the masks. Thus, even though box cursors may overlap on the display, the side or sides of the overlapping cursors will be displayed as a pattern of pel points corresponding to the pattern including 1 bits.

Abstract: A graphics display system (10) includes a display screen (14) on which images are formed and a data transform circuit (12) that provides transformations between model data representing the basic shape of an object and display data that are employed in the formation of an image of the object on the display screen. The model data are transformed into display data in accordance with position data and orientation data that correspond, respectively, to a translation and a rotation of the image on the display screen. The data transform circuit communicates with a central processing unit (30) that controls the operation of the graphics display system. The data transform circuit includes data storage registers (34, 36, 38, 40, 42, 44, 46) that receive and hold the model, position, and orientation data. A multiplier circuit (68) and an adder circuit (112) calculate the transformation of the model data into display data.