Abstract: A DNA probe which is homologous to at least a portion of a hypervariable DNA region D2S3 located at chromosome 2q35-37 in the human genome. The DNA region displays restriction fragment length polymorphism when digested with certain restriction endonucleases. The probe, p5-1-25, can be used to produce a genetic "fingerprint" to establish human identity, determine engraftment of bone marrow transplants, determine parentage, and otherwise map genes.

Abstract: The presence of an antigenic analyte ligand in a liquid sample is determined by (1) mixing the sample with a fluorescently labeled ligand immunologically complexed onto a solid phase supported antibody capable of exchanging the fluorescently labeled ligand with the analyte ligand in the sample and (2) measuring the fluorescence of the resulting liquid phase without measuring the fluorescence of the resulting solid phase and without separating the resulting solid phase from the resulting liquid phase.

Abstract: A quantitative host cell reactivation assay method comprising providing a recombinant DNA plasmid containing a bacterial gene which is transiently expressed in cells to be tested for cell repair proficiency and whose respective product assay is amenable to screening; inactivating the gene so that the gene is damaged within its coding region, the inactivation being carried out directly or indirectly by a genotoxic agent, e.g. ultra-violet light, against which cell repair proficiency is to be determined; transfecting the cells to be tested with the thus inactivated gene; allowing the transfected cells to stand for a predetermined repair period; and then determining the repair efficiency of said cells by comparing the percent gene expression with the gene expression obtained when the same plasmid DNA, without inactivation is transfected into the cells. The method may be used to test repair potential in fresh human lymphocytes or in amniotic cells.

Abstract: The present invention provides a restriction endonuclease which recognizes palindromic sequences ##STR1## where C* is methylated, and cleaves these sequences at the position indicated by the arrows. This endonuclease is preferably from a microorganism of the genus Kluyvera. The present invention also provides a process for obtaining this new restriction endonuclease and a method for using the endonuclease.

Abstract: A method for sequencing nucleic acid polymers is provided in which the polymer to be sequenced acts as a template for the production of a complementary polymer by a polymerase enzyme. The template polymer is introduced into a polymerization environment in which production of the complementary polymer will occur if appropriate nucleotides are provided. The nucleotides are then provided to the polymerization environment one at a time in individual feedstocks. If the nucleotide in a feedstock is complementary to the next base in the template polymer, i.e., the unpaired base closest to the growing end of the complementary polymer, polymerization will occur lengthening the complementary polymer and releasing PPi. By separately recovering each feedstock and analyzing it for the presence of PPi, the sequence of the complementary polymer and thus the template polymer is determined.

Abstract: A liquid composition for ink jet printing is provided which comprises a reactive disperse dye dispersed or dissolved in an aqueous liquid medium. An ink jet printing method is also provided which includes imparting the above-mentioned liquid composition onto a cloth according to an ink jet system and fixing of the dye on the cloth.

Abstract: A process for determining the presence of a particular nucleic acid sequence in a test sample comprising(a) chemically modifying nucleic acids in the test sample either to introduce a label or a reactive site in a manner that supports their hybridizability,(b) contacting under hybridization conditions the chemically modified sample nucleic acids with a hybridizable nucleic acid probe which either, when the sample nucleic acids have been modified to introduce a label, carrys a reactive site or, when the sample nucleic acids have been modified to introduce a reactive site, is labeled,(c) contacting the solution resulting from step (b) with a immobilized form of a reactive partner to the reactive site to form a stable bond with the reactive site on the sample nucleic acids or the probe, respectively,(d) separating the resulting immobilized fraction from the remaining solution, and(e) determining the presence of the label in the separated immobilized fraction or a decrease in the label in the remaining solution.

Abstract: Recombinant DNA transfer vectors containing DNA inserts which are complementary to either the human LDL receptor gene, or its mRNA transcript, are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods which utilize these genetic probes for diagnosing Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH) in a suspected individual. A case study of numerous such individual are disclosed wherein the genetic deletion mutation is detailed with great precision through the practice of this invention.

Abstract: A method for sequencing a strand of DNA, including the steps of: providing the strand of DNA; annealing the strand with a primer able to hybridize to the strand to give an annealed mixture; incubating the mixture with a deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate, a DNA polymerase, and a chain terminating agent under conditions in which the polymerase causes the primer to be elongated to form a series of DNA products differing in length of the elongated primer, each DNA product having a chain terminating agent at its elongated end; the number of each DNA product being approximately the same for substantially all DNA products differing in length from 1 to 20 bases.

Abstract: A method is provided for the rapid base sequencing of DNA or RNA fragments wherein a single fragment of DNA or RNA is provided with identifiable bases and suspended in a moving flow stream. An exonuclease sequentially cleaves individual bases from the end of the suspended fragment. The moving flow stream maintains the cleaved bases in an orderly train for subsequent detection and identification. In a particular embodiment, individual bases forming the DNA or RNA fragments are individually tagged with a characteristic fluorescent dye. The train of bases is then excited to fluorescence with an output spectrum characteristic of the individual bases. Accordingly, the base sequence of the original DNA or RNA fragment can be reconstructed.

Abstract: A biological process for producing a 2',3'-dideoxynucleoside from 2',3'-dideoxyuridine is disclosed. the 2',3'-dideoxynucleoside can be purified readily using a porous nonpolar resin adsorbent.

Abstract: A labeled nucleic acid probe comprising (a) a nucleic acid component, (b) a nucleic acid-binding ligand photochemically linked to the nucleic acid component, and (c) a label chemically linked to the nucleic acid-binding ligand. The label can be a specifically bindable ligand such as a hapten or biotin, an enzyme such as a .beta.-galactosidase or horse radish peroxidase, a fluorescent radical, a phycobiliprotein, a luminescent radical, or a radioisotope. The probe can be used in assays of nucleic acids, taking advantage of the ability of the nucleic acid component to hydridize.

Abstract: Liquid bleaching and brightening compositions are provided in which a polymeric matrix stably suspends a fluorescent whitening agent, and, optionally, pigment particles. A particularly preferred composition includes an aqueous solution having sodium hypochlorite in an amount of from about 3.5 wt. % to about 6.2 wt. %, an anionic or nonionic surfactant in an amount of from about 0.03 wt. % to about 0.3 wt. %, a polymer in an amount of from about 0.3 wt. % to about 2.0 wt. %, a fluorescent whitening agent in an amount of from about 0.01 wt. % to about 0.2 wt. %, and, if desired, ultramarine blue particles in an amount of from about 0.01 wt. % to 0.2 wt. %, the fluorescent whitening agent and ultramarine blue particles being stably suspended and dispersed in the aqueous solution via the polymer.

Abstract: The present invention is a method for using thiazin dyes, especially methylene blue, in combination with light to hydroxylate guanosine or deoxyguanosine at the C8 of the purine ring. The number of guanosines in a nucleic acid strand converted to 8-OH-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG) or 8-OH-guanosine (8-OH-G) can be controlled through manipulation of the concentration of methylene blue, light intensity and length of exposure, pH, and buffer strength.The method can be used for the selective mutation or modification of either a DNA or a RNA sequence, or the protein expressed therefrom. The method can also be used in the treatment of viral infectons and in cancer. Methylene blue is FDA approved for topical, i.v., and oral administration. Viruses, bacteria, and cells undergoing rapid DNA synthesis are all inactivated by methylene blue in the presence of light or when irradiated.

Abstract: In a process for preparing an ink for a drop-on-demand type ink jet printer, sonic vibration is applied to the ink which is being prepared or has been prepared so that a gas entrained into the ink by incorporation of a dye therein can be removed. This ink can be stably injected through a recording head, even if the size of the head is made smaller to increase the atomizing frequency, or the recording speed.

Abstract: This invention features vectors and a method for sequencing DNA. The method includes the steps of:(a) ligating the DNA into a vector comprising a tag sequence, the tag sequence includes at least 15 bases, wherein the tag sequence will not hybridize to the DNA under stringent hybridization conditions and is unique in the vector, to form a hybrid vector,(b) treating the hybrid vector in a plurality of vessels to produce fragments comprising the tag sequence, wherein the fragments differ in length and terminate at a fixed known base or bases, wherein the fixed known base or bases differs in each vessel,(c) separating the fragments from each vessel according to their size,(d) hybridizing the fragments with an oligonucleotide able to hybridize specifically with the tag sequence, and(e) detecting the pattern of hybridization of the tag sequence, wherein the pattern reflects the nucleotide sequence of the DNA.

Abstract: Printing inks comprising an oxidation polymerization type resin, at least a part of which sets to gel in a non-polar ink solvent, a color agent, and an ink solvent, at least a part of which being a non-volatile polar solvent. When the printing ink is applied onto an absorbent printing object, the non-volatile polar solvent is easily absorbed by the printing object to gel the oxidation polymerization type resin, thereby to allow the ink to dry quickly, whereas the ink on non-absorbent printing members of a printing machine does not dry easily.

Abstract: Alcohol solutions for use as fountain solutions in the printing industry are disclosed. The solutions include isopropyl alcohol in amounts of 40% to 95%, ethyl alcohol or other alcohols in amounts of 5% to 60% and ethylene diamine in an amount of 0.015% to 0.040%. The addition of a small amount of ethylene diamine markedly reduces the emission of fumes from the fountain solutions.

Abstract: Oligonucleotide probes reactive with regions of neu oncogenes of mammalian origin in which the mutation causing activation of such oncogenes is contained are described, as are methods for their use in detecting the presence of neu oncogenes in tumor cells. Antibodies specific for gene products encoded by neu oncogenes are also described.