Abstract: Method for electronically indicating a concentration of an irrigation solution in a root canal (RC) of a tooth (T), using a device able to be electrically connected to an endodontic instrument engaged in the canal and to a labial electrode, and including a screen to display the progression of the instrument in said canal relatively to a critical apical point of reference such as the cemento-dentinal junction (CDJ), said device being furthermore able to measure, in the vicinity of said point of reference, by conductimetry, a concentration of an electrolyte irrigation solution injected into the root canal.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring a magnetic field strength is provided. The apparatus includes a stage on which a sample to be measured is placed, a cantilever having a tip, an optical system having a light source and a light receiver, and a microwave power source. The tip is a diamond tip having a nitrogen vacancy defect. The optical system is configured such that excitation light from the light source is focused at the diamond tip. The cantilever is configured as a coaxial microwave antenna through which microwaves from the microwave power source are supplied to the diamond tip.

Abstract: Systems and methods herein are for an automatic board probing station in which a plurality of probe tips are associated with a plurality of probe arms and with a plurality of motorized connectors, where the plurality of motorized connectors is to cause individual ones of the plurality of probe tips and individual ones of the plurality of probe arms to be movable independently, and where the plurality of probe tips is to communicate probe signals with a circuit analysis system and is to concurrently probe a plurality of probe points of a circuit board.

Abstract: An electric potential measurement system for detecting contaminants in the subsoil, comprising: a reference electrode (2); a vehicle (3); a measurement electrode (4), with: a contact electrode (7) formed by an electrically insulating container (13) including a metal electrode (14) surrounded by a non-metal filler material (15), and a retaining mesh (16) covering the base of the container (13); a non-metal contact appendage (9) establishing continuous galvanic contact with the soil as the vehicle (3) moves over the ground (6); a data acquisition and positioning system (5) which acquires and stores position data (Pi) and electric potential difference measurements (?vi) between the reference electrode (2) and the measurement electrode (4) in a memory (29). The data stored in the memory can be used to obtain an electric potential map (30) and/or a map (32) with the probability of the presence of contaminants.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a system (100) for detection and identification of at least one species in a sample in an ionic exchange membrane (110), comprising an ion exchange membrane (110), an impedance analyser (120), source (141) and target electrodes (142), a voltage and/or current source (140) arranged to provide an electric potential difference, a computer (170), and at least two impedance electrodes (121, 122) arranged at the ion exchange membrane (110) and connected to the impedance analyser (120). The source (141) and target electrodes (142) are connected to said source (140), and are arranged to upon addition of source (151) and target electrolyte (152) be in ionic contact with a first (111) and second region (112) of the ion exchange membrane (110) respectively.

Abstract: In an approach to inspecting integrated circuits, a system includes a first detection system and a second detection system for measuring electroluminescent (EL) images from a device under test (DUT); and a controller. The controller is configured to: measure EL emissions from the DUT with the first and the second detection systems to obtain a first and a second EL test data; compare the first and the second EL test data to a reference model of a reference device, the reference model developed based on measured EL reference data, synthetic EL reference data, or a combination thereof obtained from the reference device or a reference design of the reference device; and determine whether the DUT is in accordance with the reference device, based at least in part on the comparison of the first and the second EL test data to the reference model of the reference device.

Abstract: A capacitive sensor for a planar recognition of an approach of an object. The capacitive sensor includes a first planar electrode and a second planar electrode, a dielectric being situated between the first electrode and second electrode for spacing. The first electrode and the second electrode being designed to be limp and/or torsion flexible.

Abstract: A capacitive rotary angle measuring system for detecting a rotary movement of a shaft includes a sensor unit, a carrier signal generator, an evaluation unit, and a carrier signal adaptation unit. The sensor unit includes a transmitting electrode arrangement and a receiving electrode arrangement which are capacitively coupled together, and a coupling device which co-rotates with the shaft and which varies an electric capacity between the receiving and the transmitting electrode arrangement based on a rotational position of the coupling device. The carrier signal generator is electrically connected to the transmitting electrode arrangement and generates an electrical carrier signal. The evaluation unit is electrically connected to the receiving electrode arrangement and senses an electric measurement signal generated at the receiving electrode arrangement and determines a current rotary angle measurement value.

Abstract: A method for operating a group of pressure sensors is provided. First and second pressure sensors respectively have first and second pressure measurement ranges, and are arranged to measure the pressure in a common measurement volume, and have measurement ranges that overlap in a range. The method comprises: aa) reading out first and second measurement signals respectively from the first and second pressure sensors substantially simultaneously while the pressure in the common measurement volume is in the overlapping range; bb) stipulating the first measurement signal which has been read out as the adjustment point for the second pressure sensor; cc) determining at least one calibration parameter, in particular a gas-dependent calibration parameter, for the second pressure sensor as a function of the first measurement signal, as a function of the adjustment point for the second pressure sensor, as stipulated in bb), and as a function of the second measurement signal.

Abstract: A measurement method (100) of the electric permittivity (?) at 0 Hz of a substance (1), irrespective of the aggregation state, comprising the steps of: pre-arranging (101) a rheometer (2) comprising an electrorheology module (20), provided with a fixed first plate (21) and said movable second plate (22); connecting (102) a voltage generator (3) to said rheometer (2); placing (103) the substance (1) between said first plate (21) and said second plate (22); arranging (104) said second plate (22) at a distance (D) from said first plate (21); imposing (105) said potential difference (?V) at 0 Hz between said first plate (21) and said second plate (22); measuring (106) a normal force (F) to which said second plate (22) is subjected; converting (108) the normal force (F) to obtain the dielectric permittivity (?) of the substance (1).

Abstract: Disclosed is a test board which includes a substrate that includes a device under test (DUT) placement area where a first DUT and a second DUT are disposed, a first load switch connected in series with the first DUT and configured to be set to a switch on state or a switch off state based on a first enable signal, a second load switch connected in series with the second DUT and configured to be set to the switch on state or the switch off state depending on a second enable signal, and a test controller. The test controller may be configured to perform a test operation in a (1-1)-th mode by activating the first enable signal and deactivating the second enable signal and then perform the test operation in a (1-2)-th mode by deactivating the first enable signal and activating the second enable signal.

Abstract: A steering device includes a measurement circuit which measures electrostatic capacitance of an electrode provided to a steering wheel, and a grip determination device which determines presence/absence of gripping of the steering wheel based on a measurement value Ch_d from the measurement circuit. The grip determination device includes a capacitance threshold setter which sets a reference value Ch_0 for the electrostatic capacitance of the electrode, and a determiner which determines presence/absence of gripping of the steering wheel based on a difference between the measurement value Ch_d and reference value Ch_0. The capacitance threshold setter changes the reference value Ch_0(n) according to a change amount dCh_0(n) in the measurement value when the absolute value |a(n)| for the slope of the filter value Ch_d_f(n) of the measurement value was less than a predetermined slope threshold a_th.

Abstract: An impedance measurement circuit for determining a complex impedance of a capacitive sensor having at least one sense electrode operable in loading mode and at least one guard electrode. The measurement circuit includes: a pulse generator unit for providing a periodic electric measurement signal and a periodic electric guard signal; a signal sensing circuit for sensing a sense current flowing through the at least one sense electrode or the sense electrodes in response to the pulse generator unit measurement signal; and a control and evaluation unit. The control and evaluation unit is configured for determining a complex impedance from the determined sense currents with reference to a complex reference potential.

Abstract: A partial discharge (PD) detection system includes a node including a sensor configured to capacitively couple to a shield layer of a cable of an electric power line. The sensor is configured to collect, from the cable, sensor data indicative of an alternating-current (AC) electrical signal in the cable. The system further includes a high-pass filter configured to filter out low-frequency signals from the sensor data, and processing circuitry configured to detect, based on the filtered sensor data, a PD event at a location on the cable that is local to the sensor.

Abstract: A wheel sensor arrangement can include a first wheel speed sensor and a second wheel speed sensor. The first wheel speed sensor can include or be implemented with a first semiconductor die and can provide data regarding a speed of a rotating wheel. The second wheel speed sensor can also include or be implemented with a second semiconductor die and can provide data regarding the speed of the rotating wheel. The second semiconductor die can be galvanically isolated from the first semiconductor die. The wheel sensor arrangement can include a mold housing that forms around the first wheel speed sensor and the second wheel speed sensor. The mold housing can include a separation feature between the first sensor and the second sensor.

Abstract: A system may include an array of sensor elements, the array of sensor elements each comprising a first type of passive reactive element, a second type of passive reactive element electrically coupled to the array of sensor elements, a driver configured to drive the array of sensor elements and the second type of passive reactive element, and control circuitry configured to control enabling and disabling of individual sensor elements of the array of sensor elements to ensure no more than one of the array of sensor elements is enabled at a time such that when one of the array of sensor elements is enabled, the one of the array of sensor elements and the second type of passive reactive element together operate as a resonant sensor.

Abstract: A soil carbon sensor includes a probe body for placement into soil, a first detector supported by the probe body that transmits a frequency-modulated signal into the soil. The first detector includes a first electrode configured responsive to a moisture content and bulk density of the soil. A second detector is supported by the probe body and transmits an amplitude-modulated signal into the soil. The second detector includes a second electrode configured responsive to a soil organic carbon content of the soil. A processor is arranged in signal communication with the first and second detectors, the processor configured to generate and control the transmission of the frequency and amplitude modulated signals to monitor the first electrode to capture an impedance measurement indicative of the moisture content and bulk density, and to monitor the second electrode to capture a current measurement indicative of the soil organic carbon (SOC) content.

Abstract: A touch assembly includes: an outer tip; an inner tip; a circuit board; a vibration sensor; and a spring element. The outer tip includes a distal end defining an outer contact surface. The inner tip: is arranged concentrically within the outer tip; extends from the distal end of the outer tip; and defines an inner contact surface. The circuit board is arranged over a proximal end of the outer tip. The spring element: is interposed between the circuit board and the inner tip; couples the inner tip to a reference potential; and is configured to, during a haptic feedback cycle at a touch sensor in response to application of the inner tip toward the touch sensor, yield to locate the inner contact surface coplanar with the outer contact surface. The vibration sensor is arranged on the circuit board and configured to output vibration signals during the haptic feedback cycle.

Abstract: A test apparatus (1) for test cards (37), comprising a receiving device (3) for holding at least one test card (37) to be tested, comprising at least one contact device (4) for making electrical touch contact with electrically conductive contact points of the at least one test card (37) in the receiving device (3), wherein the contact device (4) can be arranged vertically above the receiving device for the purpose of making touch contact, and comprising an actuating device (19), which is formed to displace the contact device (4) and the receiving device (3) relative to one another for the purpose of establishing the touch contact. It is provided that the receiving device (3) can be displaced by means of the actuating device (19) from a test position, which is located vertically below the contact device (4), into a loading and unloading position, which is laterally spaced apart from the contact device (4), and the other way round.

Abstract: Adjustable combination tuning probes for slide screw load pull tuners allow larger frequency coverage Fmax/Fmin and higher VSWR beyond the capacity of existing tuning probes. This is done by combining two equally or unequally long tuning slugs, a fixed slug and a mobile slug into a combination probe assembly being mounted in the same mobile tuner carriage. The mobile slug slides on a top bar and is lockable at adjustable distance from the fixed slug. The distance (gap) is adjustable by engaging and moving the assembly against the prongs of forks attached to the slabline at the test or idle ports.