Abstract: The surfactants which can be produced from the trialkylamine intermediates include the quaternary ammonium compounds of formula:

Abstract: This invention provides for a unit dosage form of treprostinil at a dosage of between 0.1 mg/mL and 25 mg/mL in a sterile fluid composition formulated for subcutaneous or intravenous injection, which composition does not comprise an antimicrobial preservative, and methods of reducing irritation, inflammation or a combination thereof at a site of subcutaneous or intravenous infusion of treprostinil in a subject in need thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are pharmaceutical salts of a cationic protonated polyamine pharmaceutical agent and an anionic organic carboxylate which is hydrophobic when in protonated form, particularly suited for oral administration, where these salts have good bioavailability in solid dosage forms and may be used in the treatment of cancer and other medical conditions for which the pharmaceutical agent is intended.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the preparation of a urea product suitable for being diluted with water so as to form an aqueous urea comprising solution for use in a unit for the reduction of NOx in combustion engine exhaust gases, also known as Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) or to be used in De NOx systems of exhaust vapor from industrial furnaces. The process comprises obtaining an aqueous urea solution from or after a recovery section in a urea production process. This solution, which has a low content of impurities, is subjected to flash crystallization at a low pressure, so as to obtain a solid crystallized urea containing product, which is a free-flowing powder containing less than 0.2 wt. % water. This product is packaged under conditions such that the water content in the packaged product is maintained below 0.2 wt. %. The invention can also be used in a method of increasing the capacity of an existing urea plant.

Abstract: The present invention relates to beta-naphthol ether sulfonic acids or salts thereof having the general formula (I) R—O-(AO)n—CH2—CH2—S(O)3M (I), where R, AO, n and M have the definitions stated in the claims and in the description, to mixtures thereof, to aqueous solutions and to electrolytes comprising them, to processes for preparing them and to the use of these.

Abstract: There are provided methods of efficiently producing compounds that are, for example, sex pheromones of San Jose Scale. For example, there is provided a method for producing a 7-methyl-3-methylene-7-octenyl carboxylate compound (4), the method including the steps of: hydrolyzing a 7-methyl-3-methylene-7-octenal acetal compound (1) to obtain 7-methyl-3-methylene-7-octenal (2); reducing the 7-methyl-3-methylene-7-octenal (2) to obtain 7-methyl-3-methylene-7-octenol (3); and esterifying the 7-methyl-3-methylene-7-octenol (3) to obtain a 7-methyl-3-methylene-7-octenyl carboxylate compound (4).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing a partially hydrogenated polyacene, and a novel intermediate used in such process; also the present invention relates to a process for preparing the corresponding conjugated polyacenes.

Abstract: Improved iminium based processes for the production of cyanoacrylates and methylidene malonates wherein the improvement pertains to the presence of acid chlorides and/or acid anhydrides in the reaction mix.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods comprising distilling a reaction mixture of methacrolein and methanol used to make methyl methacrylate (MMA) in the presence of one or more strong or inorganic acids, the mixture comprising an aqueous organic component mixture of all of water, MMA, methacrolein methanol and acetals or hemiacetals of methacrolein to remove the acetals or hemiacetals of methacrolein to a level of 100 ppm or below, based on the amount of methyl methacrylate. The method reduces the amount of acetals or hemiacetals of methacrolein to well below equilibrium levels and eliminates the need for additional downstream distillation to refine the product of the reaction.

Abstract: Compounds, pharmaceutical compositions, methods and kits are described for treating or preventing neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease.

Abstract: The present invention relates to alanine N-acetic acid precursors of formula (i) COOM-CH(CH3)—NH—(CH2CN), wherein M is hydrogen (alanine N-monoacetonitrile), or (ii) COOM-CH(CH3)—N—(CH2CN)2, wherein 0 to 50% of all M is sodium or potassium and 50 to 100% of all M is hydrogen (alanine N,N-diacetonitrile and its partial sodium or potassium salts) comprising L-alanine to D-alanine in a range of from 75:25 to 50:50 (L:D), or (iii) COOM-CH(CH3)—N—(CH2CONH2)2, wherein M is hydrogen (alanine N,N-diacetamide), in the form of crystals, and relates to a process to prepare these precursors and their use, especially to give MGMA or MGDA.

Abstract: A multi-branched cationic phosphonium salt is provided. The multi-branched cationic phosphonium salt has a structure represented by formula (I): {Z[P+(R1)(R2)(R3)]n}(X?)n??(I) wherein each of R1, R2, and R3 is independently a linear or branched C1˜C10 alkyl group, X? is an organic or inorganic anion, and Z has a structure represented by Formula (IIb) or Formula (IIc): wherein a is an integer of 1˜15. In Formulas (IIb) and (IIc), Z is connected to [P+(R1)(R2)(R3)] at the position marked by an asterisk (*), and n is an integer of 3˜4.

Abstract: Low refractive index and high dispersion material which can produce a bonded-multilayer DOE having an excellent optical performance is obtained, and the optical member using this is obtained. The resin precursor for optical materials obtained through the addition reaction of the composite containing a di (meth) acrylate shown in the following Chemical Expression 1. where, R?H or CH3, and m+n=1 to 10.

Abstract: Described herein is an unsaturated fluorinated compound of formula (I) where X is O or N; Y is F or H; Z is F or CF3; and A is F or CF3 wherein when X is O, then n is 1, Y is H, Z is F, A is F, and Rf is a linear or branched perfluorinated alkyl group comprising 1 to 10 carbon atoms and optionally comprising at least one catenated O or N; and when X is N, then n is 2 and each Rf group are (i) independently selected from a linear or branched perfluorinated alkyl group comprising 1 to 8 carbon atoms and optionally comprising at least one catenated O or N; or (ii) bonded together to form a ring structure comprising 4 to 8 carbon atoms and optionally comprising at least one catenated O or N with the proviso that when Z is CF3 then A is F and when A is CF3 then Z is F and methods of making and using the same.

Abstract: Novel biaromatic compounds, which are vitamin D analogs, processes for their preparation and cosmetic, dermatological and pharmaceutical preparations containing one or more of these compounds.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to the field of specialty chemicals. In particular, the disclosure provides novel 1,3-fatty-diol compounds and derivatives thereof which are useful e.g., in the production of personal care products, surfactants, detergents, polymers, paints, coatings, and as emulsifiers, emollients, and thickeners in cosmetics and foods, as industrial solvents and plasticizers, etc.

Abstract: A diester of a fused ring compound of the formula (I): wherein: the fused rings are both aromatic; R1 and R4 to R6 substituents are H or ester moieties having C1 to C20 linear or branched alkyl chains; R2 and R3 are —C(O)OCxHy, wherein x is from 10 to 12 and y is from 21 to 25; two adjacent R1 to R4 substituents are —C(O)OCxHy, wherein x is from 10 to 12 and y is from 21 to 25; and when R3 and R4 are ester moieties, the alkyl chains of R4 are not C5 or C8; and polymer compositions containing the fused ring compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pseudo-ceramide compound and a preparation method therefor. According to the present invention, the pseudo-ceramide compound has a molecular structure and a function similar to those of a natural ceramide, can be readily synthesized, and has excellent solubility in an organic solvent and excellent stability, and thus the pseudo-ceramide compound can be used as an alternative to a natural ceramide. Therefore, the pseudo-ceramide compound of the present invention can be widely applied to a skin preparation for external use, a cosmetic composition, and the like for reinforcing and maintaining a skin barrier function.

Abstract: Provided is a method of preparing isosulfan blue.

Abstract: Process comprising the following process steps: a) introducing an ethylenically unsaturated compound; b) adding a ligand-metal complex comprising Pd and a bidentate phosphine ligand, or adding a bidentate phosphine ligand and a compound which comprises Pd; c) adding an alcohol; d) supplying CO; e) heating the reaction mixture, the ethylenically unsaturated compound being reacted to form an ester, where the reaction mixture is admixed with less than 0.1 mol %, based on the amount of substance of the ethylenically unsaturated compound, of Brønsted acids having an acid strength of pKa?3, characterized in that the phosphine ligand is substituted on at least one phosphorus atom by at least one heteroaryl radical.