Abstract: A bright and large information capacity projection-type multi-color liquid crystal display is realized by a display device which includes a liquid crystal panel having a plurality of layers of cholesteric-nematic phase transition type liquid crystals having a positive dielectric anisotropy and phase transition hysterisis when a voltage is applied. The liquid crystals are driven to be in homeotropic and focalconic textures which are maintained when at a certain voltage is applied thereto. A desired color of the projected display can be obtained by selecting a thickness of the liquid crystal layer and a refractive index anisotropy of the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal layers.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device comprises a ferroelectric smectic phase liquid crystal enclosed between two surfaces, the surfaces being such that the directors of the liquid crystal adjacent the surfaces are not parallel to the surfaces. The directors adjacent one of the surfaces are not parallel to the directors adjacent the other surface, the liquid crystal cone angle being equal to half the angle between a pair of directors each adjacent a different one of the surfaces.

Abstract: A multipanel liquid crystal display device and a method of manufacturing such a device is disclosed. The liquid crystal display device comprises two or four panels of square shape each including a first plate of square shape. These two or four first plates are disposed in such a positional relation that at least two orthogonally crossing sides of each of the plates are not adjoined by any one of the remaining plates thereby forming a planar assembly lying in the plane. One of the major surfaces of each of the first plates provides a display region except marginal edges adjacent to the at least two orthogonally crossing sides not adjoined by any one of the remaining plates, and picture element electrodes arranged in a matrix pattern are previously provided on this display region. Further, in each first plate, electrode lead-out terminals connected to the respective picture element electrodes are previously disposed along the marginal edges adjacent to the two sides described above.

Abstract: A multicolor filter for a display device includes separate filter elements for individually providing the primary colors of light. The areas of the filter elements are tailored in accordance with the percentages of primary light colors in pure white light, the percentages of primary light in the illuminating source, and the light transmission capabilities of the filter elements. Additionally, the filter elements are configured so that the centroid of the filter elements are within the close proximity of a straight line passing through adjacent filter elements.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device of negative display type, which comprises a liquid crystal cell comprising a nematic liquid crystal layer sandwiched between substrates provided with electrodes and a light shielding layer covering other than the area corresponding to a display pattern and adapted to apply a voltage sufficient to energize the nematic liquid crystal to the electrodes at a display pattern area other than a desired display pattern, and a pair of polarizing films provided on both sides of the liquid crystal cell with their polarization axes arranged to permit light from a no voltage-applied portion to pass therethrough, wherein the light shielding layer has a light transmittance of not higher than 1.0% and higher than the minimum light transmittance of the display pattern area during the application of the voltage.

Abstract: A matrix electro-optical device is comprised of a plurality of picture elements arranged in a row-and-column matrix. A plurality of switching elements are formed on a substrate of the device and are series-connected to the respective picture elements to selectively drive the picture elements. The switching element is comprised of a non-linear-resistive layer composed of non-stoichiometric silicon nitride or silicon oxide and interposed between a pair of electro-conductive layers.

Abstract: A device for back-lighting a liquid crystal display device has a lamp having a light emitting straight portion and a reflector plate. The reflector plate has a central portion provided under the light emitting straight portion and a pair of inclined side portions adjacent both sides of the central portion, the central portion having a total reflection surface, and each the side portion having a diffuse reflection surface.

Abstract: Large electronic signs usually employ either incandescent lights or magnetically manipulated elements. A simple alternative includes a plurality of juxtaposed modules on a transparent diffuser plate, each module being defined by a base plate, a top plate and a conductive, liquid crystal coating layer between the plates; transparent electrical contacts in the area of overhang between the top plate and the diffuser plate, and thin wires extending through the diffuser plate for carrying current to the contacts.

Abstract: A liquid crystal projector is disclosed, which comprises a light source, a TV type liquid crystal display panel and a projecting lens system. The liquid crystal display panel faces the screen and is inclined with respect to a line perpendicular to an optical axis connecting the center of the liquid crystal display panel and the center of a screen by the suitable visual field angle of the liquid crystal display panel.

Abstract: In a color display device (LCD) (1) driven in the transmission mode and based on the combination of (LCD) switching elements and a phosphor pattern, the phosphor pattern being irradiated, for example by a UV source, the light output is considerably increased by arranging an interference filter between the radiation source and the phosphor layer.

Abstract: An optical modulation element which enables substantially total transmission of incident light and provides a high contrast when it as used as a display element, thereby enabling multiplex driving.

Abstract: Disclosed is a color liquid crystal device comprising a pair of substrates having electrodes, a color filter disposed between at least one of the pair of substrates and the electrodes or on the electrodes, and a liquid crystal disposed between the pair of substrates. The color filter is composed of a resin and a coloring material, and V and P have a relationship of 1/3.ltoreq.P/V.ltoreq.3/2, where V (gr) and P (gr) are the respective contents of the resin and the coloring material that forms the color filter.

Abstract: An arrangement in a display or instrument board of the LCD kind, e.g. for use in a car, with said board (10;11) being provided with a matrix network of electrodes (4) for forming arbitrary desired displays all over the visible face of said board. A micro processor (15) is connected to said LCD board to be able to present displays as mentioned, selectively on said board on the basis of information from data suppliers (12-14, 16-19). Said board is flexible due to utilization of monodisperse plastic spheres as a spacer medium, with the remaining layers (1,2,3) provided on each side of plastic spheres (5) and the LC liquid (6) consisting of a flexible material, e.g. plastic sheet or plastic film. Said plastic spheres may be provided with an adhesive-like coating that is curable, so that said plastic spheres are bound to said layers, and the LCD board receives a desired appearance and curvature(s).

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel electrode plate having a transparent electrode on at least one side is described. This electrode plate comprises an optically non-rotatory transparent film substrate layer having a retardation value of not more than 30 nm as formed from a polycarbonate resin, polyether sulfone resin, polysulfone resin or polyarylene ester resin, and anchor layer formed from a solution or dispersion of an anchor agent in aqueous medium as disposed on at least one side of the substrate layer, and one or more protective layers of gas-impermeable resin or/and cured crosslinkable resin as disposed on the anchor layer. This electrode plate is optically transparent to visible light, optically isotropic, resistant to moisture, chemicals, liquid crystals and gas-impermeable.

Abstract: A LCLV device exhibiting improved performance capabilities fabricated using an amorphous silicon photoconductor layer, a cadmium telluride blocking layer, a titanium dioxide mirror and a sepcial bonding layer which enables attachment of the cadmium telluride blocking layer to the amorphous silicon. The bonding layer includes silicon dioxide sputtered in successive argon and argon/oxygen atmospheres followed by cadmium telluride sputtered in successive argon/oxygen and argon atmospheres. The bonding layer may also be used in other applications to bond a cadmium telluride layer to single crystal silicon or silicon dioxide layers.

Abstract: An optically bistable device comprises a Fabry-Perot etalon containing intracavity liquid crystal material. Etalon mirros of deposited silver are overlaid on indium tin oxide electrodes. The electrodes provide electrical biasing means for the material, which exhibits both optical nonlinearity and electro-optic tunability of refractive index. The etalon has an interference fringe maximum at a wavelength .lambda..sub.m1. the fringe is tunable to .lambda..sub.m2 by applying a bias voltage across the mirrors. A light beam illuminates the etalon, the beam having a wavelength .lambda..sub.s where .lambda..sub.m2 is between .lambda..sub.s and .lambda..sub.m1. The beam intensity is sufficient to induce bistable etalon switching for a fringe at .lambda..sub.m2 but not for a fringe at .lambda..sub.m1. Tuning the etalon fringe electro-optically from .lambda..sub.m1 to .lambda..sub.