Abstract: A device for regulating the passage of energy from an outside space into an inside space includes a switching layer, where the switching layer comprises one or more compounds of the formula: wherein R1, Z1, Z2, Ar1 and X are defined herein.

Abstract: The present application relates to novel compounds and to devices which contain these compounds. The application also relates to a device for regulating the passage of energy from an outside space into an inside space, to a window containing the said device, and to uses of the said devices and compounds.

Abstract: Organic coating compositions, particularly antireflective coating compositions, are provided that comprise that comprise a component that comprises one or more uracil moieties. Preferred compositions of the invention are useful to reduce reflection of exposing radiation from a substrate back into an overcoated photoresist layer and/or function as a planarizing, conformal or via-fill layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device, a precursor composition, a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal device, an apparatus of manufacturing a liquid crystal device, and use of the liquid crystal device are provided. A device capable of being driven at a low driving voltage can be provided. The device can be realized so that the device can be driven in a normally transparent mode or a normally black mode. Also, the device has other excellent characteristics such as a contrast ratio. Such a liquid crystal device can be applied to various light modulation devices such as smart windows, window-protecting films, flexible display devices, active retarders for displaying 3D images, or viewing angle-adjusting films.

Abstract: The liquid crystal material of the disclosure includes liquid crystal molecules, polymerizable monomers and a vertical alignment agent, wherein the polymerizable monomers and the vertical alignment agent can be polymerized under ultraviolet irradiation to form a polymer, while the polymer deposits on a substrate to form a polymer film capable of replacing the PI alignment film; so that an alignment process of the liquid crystal is simplified, and a cost is economized. The method of fabricating the liquid crystal display panel of the disclosure eliminates the fabricating process of the alignment film.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display element having an improved response speed by using a liquid crystal compound having a high K33, while neither improving nor deteriorating all the characteristics as a liquid crystal display element. The liquid crystal display element 10 of the present invention has a first substrate 15, a second substrate 15?, and a liquid crystal composition layer 5 interposed between the first substrate 15 and the second substrate 15?, wherein at least one of the first substrate 15 and the second substrate 15? has an electrode that controls the liquid crystal composition layer 5 and the bend elastic constant K33 of at least one kind of liquid crystal compounds in the liquid crystal composition constituting the liquid crystal composition layer 5 is 20 pN or more.

Abstract: A polymerizable compound, a polymerizable composition, and a polymer, which have a low melting point at a practical level and exhibit excellent solubility in a general-purpose solvent, can be produced at low cost. The polymerizable compound, polymerizable composition, and polymer can produce an optical film, which exhibits excellent transparency and achieves uniform conversion of polarized light over a wide wavelength band, and an optically anisotropic article. The polymerizable compound is represented by formula (I).

Abstract: A liquid crystal compound is represented by the formula (1). For example, in the formula (1): R1 and R2 each represent an alkyl having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy having 1 to 9 carbon atoms; a ring A1 and a ring A2 each represent 1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-phenylene; Z1 and Z2 each represent a single bond, —(CH2)2—, —CH?CH—, —COO—, —OCO—, —CF2O—, —OCF2—, —CH2O—, or —OCH2—; and a and b each represent 0, 1, 2, or 3 and the sum of a and b is 4 or less.

Abstract: Mixtures containing at least one dye compound having a diketopyrrolopyrrole structure and at least one further liquid-crystalline compound are suitable for use in devices for regulating the entry of light into a space.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition has a negative dielectric anisotropy and contains a specific compound having large negative dielectric anisotropy as a first component, and a specific compound having small viscosity as a second component. The composition may contain a specific compound having high maximum temperature or small viscosity as a third component, a specific compound having negative dielectric anisotropy as a fourth component, or a specific compound having a polymerizable group as an additive component.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal composition, which is a liquid crystal composition containing a compound represented by General Formula (II-1) as an anti-oxidizing agent for a liquid crystal composition containing the compound represented by General Formula (II-1) and also as a first component, and a compound represented by General Formula (K) as a second component. The compound represented by General Formula (II-1) enables obtainment of a working effect of the anti-oxidizing agent, and therefore it allows provision of a liquid crystal composition containing the anti-oxidizing agent which has improved reliability like low temperature stability, while the high dielectric anisotropy is maintained.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I their use in liquid-crystalline media, for example, for the phase shifting of microwaves for tunable phased-array antennae, and their use for high-frequency components, in particular antennae, especially for the gigahertz range.

Abstract: A display device includes a polymer layer including dichroic dyes and a liquid crystal, which is not mixed or reacted with the polymer layer, dispersed in the polymer layer. The polymer and the liquid crystal have different refractive indices from each other.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition comprises a photo-polymerizable liquid crystal mixture and a heat-polymerizable liquid crystal mixture, and the two mixtures have opposite rotatory directions. A patterned phase delay film is prepared from the liquid crystal composition. A display device comprises the phase delay film. The preparation of the patterned phase-delay film can be implemented by a two-step polymerization process including UV-polymerization and heat-polymerization. The process is simple and the costs are low.

Abstract: A display device includes a first substrate, a second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer. The second substrate faces the first substrate. The liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The liquid crystal layer includes liquid crystal molecules having negative dielectric constant anisotropy and an additive. The additive may be 2,6-di-tert-butyl phenol in which at least one position of a 3-position, 4-position and 5-position is substituted with a substituent.

Abstract: A compound and a liquid-crystal composition employing the same are provided. The compound has a structure represented by Formula (I) wherein Za and Zb are independently A1, A2, A3 and A4 are independently single bond, Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 are independently single bond, R is independently hydrogen, or C1-4 alkyl group; R1 and R2 are independently single bond, —O—(CH2)n—, —CH?CH—(CH2)2—, —(CH2)2—CH?CH—, —CH?CH—, or —C?C—; n is an integer from 1 to 6; B1 and B2 are independently and, R3 is hydrogen, or methyl group.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition including an antioxidant, and a liquid crystal display device containing this composition are described. The liquid crystal composition has a nematic phase, has a high solubility in a liquid crystal composition, and includes a specific antioxidant useful for preventing deterioration of the composition. The liquid crystal composition may also include a specific compound having a high maximum temperature or a small viscosity as a first component, a specific compound having a high maximum temperature or a large dielectric anisotropy as a second component, and a specific compound having a large negative dielectric anisotropy as a third component.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device which prevents a decrease in the voltage holding ratio (VHR) of a liquid crystal layer and an increase in ion density (ID) therein and which overcomes problems of defective display such as voids, uneven alignment, and screen burn-in. The liquid crystal display device prevents a decrease in the voltage holding ratio (VHR) of a liquid crystal layer and an increase in ion density (ID) therein and reduces defective display such as screen burn-in; hence, such a liquid crystal display device is particularly useful as liquid crystal display devices of a VA mode and PSVA mode which involve active matrix driving and can be applied to the liquid crystal display devices of liquid crystal TV sets, monitors, mobile phones, and smartphones.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal panel, a liquid crystal display device and to a liquid crystal medium having a negative dielectric anisotropy ??.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium having a nematic phase and negative dielectric anisotropy which comprises a) one or more compounds of formula I b) one or more compounds of formula II and c) one or more compounds selected from the compounds of formulae III-1 to III-4 in which the parameters have the meanings indicated herein, to the use thereof in an electro-optical display, particularly in an active-matrix display based on the VA, ECB, PALC, FFS or IPS effect, to displays of this type which contain a liquid-crystalline medium of this type, and to the use of the compounds of the formula I for the stabilisation of a liquid-crystalline medium which comprises one or more compounds of formula II and one or more compounds selected from the compounds of formulae III-1 to III-4.