Abstract: A double-worm press, especially an extrusion or plastifying press for thermoplastic materials and particularly high viscosity thermoplastics, has generally conical worms, at least the discharge zones of which are formed so that the material is treated generally adiabatically therein. For this purpose, the end of the discharge zone has a depth of the worm flight which is between 24 and 33% of the worm diameter, preferably between 26 and 30%, with the ratio of the depth of the flight (or height) to the diameter of the worm increasing progressively away from the discharge end, counter to the direction of feed of the material.

Abstract: A method for operating pumps in a pumping-up power plant having a single speed reversible pump turbine and a booster pump, the booster pump being provided in a branch pipe which is provided in parallel with a portion of a draft tunnel between the pump turbine and a lower reservoir, is disclosed. The method includes the steps of initiating the closing of a first inlet valve at the discharge side of the pump turbine, disconnecting the pump turbine and the booster pump simultaneously from an outer electric power system to which the pump turbine and the booster pump are connected, after an opening of the first inlet valve is closed to a predetermined value, and then closing the first inlet valve completely.

Abstract: In a stationary skimmer disc for withdrawing a liquid phase from a centrifuge there are formed one or more liquid discharge ducts each having an inlet at the outer periphery of the disc and at least one outlet located closer to the center of the disc. From a region of the flow path of the discharged liquid, where the static liquid pressure, during operation of the centrifuge, exceeds the static pressure at the inlet to the discharge duct or ducts, a by-pass duct having a throttling means intermediate its ends leads back to each of said inlets.

Abstract: A mixer arranged for crushing food materials immersed in a liquid comprises a motor unit and a mixing foot. A shaft extends within the mixing foot and is coupled at one end to the motor unit. At its other end the shaft carries a mixing screw which is housed in a cover carried by said mixing foot. The mixing screw is movable between a safety position, in which it is located in the cover, and a mixing position, in which it projects outwardly of the cover. The mixing screw is moved into its mixing position against the action of elastic restoring means by a force resulting from the screwing effect in the liquid.

Abstract: A regenerative pump apparatus has a housing and a substantially disc-shaped impeller rotatably housed by the housing. Circumferential rows of radial vane grooves are formed in the outer peripheral portions of both side surfaces of the impeller. Each circumferential row includes first vane grooves of an axial depth equal to or greater than a half of the impeller thickness and second vane grooves of an axial depth smaller than a half of the impeller thickness. The first and second vane grooves are arranged alternatingly in the circumferential direction in each row, such that the first vane grooves and the second vane grooves in one row are axially aligned with the second vane grooves and the first vane grooves in the other row.

Abstract: An apparatus and process for automatically and rapidly making a paint having the color values of a standard paint; a computer is used which is connected to and controls a multiplicity of metering pumps that are each individually connected to a supply of components used to make the paint such as binder solution, solvent and colorants; the components are accurately metered into a mixing vessel and mixed, paint is circulated through a recycle loop attached to the vessel, the loop contains a cell having a viewing window through which the paint is pumped, a colorimeter views the cell and determines the color values of the wet paint and feeds these values back to the computer which compares the values to values of the standard paint and calculates the amount of colorant to be added and signals the metering pumps to add colorant, the process is repeated until the paint is brought within the tolerance values of the standard paint.

Abstract: An improved centrifugal pump protected against reverse rotation injury. The pump has an impeller mounted upon a pump shaft within a casing. The impeller has a central hub mounted over a threaded portion on the shaft and seated against a shoulder. A tubular nut mounts onto the threaded portion of the shaft and within the hub of the impeller. A flange on the nut seats on the hub. Offcenter axial pins are secured in the hub and extend into openings in the flange to interconnect drivingly the impeller and pump shaft. Upon undesired reverse rotation of the pump shaft, the nut unthreads from the pump shaft until the pins withdraw from openings in the flange. Then, the nut spins off the shaft. Now, the pump shaft can rotate safely within the stationary impeller.

Abstract: A discharging nozzle for foamed material, especially whipped cream, is kept at a predetermined temperature even when a refrigeration machine which cools the device holding or producing the whipped cream is temporarily not operating. Thus, the discharge nozzle is kept substantially at the same temperature as the reservoir holding the whipped cream or as the machine producing the whipped cream. For this purpose the discharge nozzle is mounted in a solid cooled housing in heat transfer communication with a hollow jacket. The hollow jacket in turn is connected in heat communication to the device holding or producing the whipped cream. The hollow jacket is filled with a liquid which stores cold produced by refrigerating of the device holding or producing the whipped cream. The storing of the cold is accomplished by a change in the physical state of the liquid. The cold is then released to the nozzle during times when refrigeration is interrupted.

Abstract: A slurry mixing and pumping system adapted to automatically control both slurry viscosity and product output volume. Water and raw gypsum delivered to a mixing vat are thoroughly blended by a hydraulically powered agitator blade within the vat. Hydraulic pressure variations experienced by the agitator motor are translated into pneumatic viscosity control signals by a process controller. An air actuated water valve driven by the controller varies water input into the vat to effectuate viscosity correction. Means responsive to vat head level controls output volume.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a high performance blade for helicopter rotor presenting an aerodynamic surface produced by profiles of which the aerodynamic twist increases from the end profile towards the root profile and is then reversed and becomes zero at the fastenings of the blade. According to the invention, the angle of twist formed by the zero lift chord C.sub.o of a profile of the aerodynamic surface and a reference plane P passing through the center of the fastenings of the blade to the hub of the rotor, is, for the end profile, at the most equal to a value .theta..sub.1 of 0.3 degrees. The invention is more particularly applied to the obtaining of rotary wings, for example for helicopters, capable of very high performances, particularly in rapid forward flight under high load.

Abstract: The invention relates to a centrifugal pump having a first centrifugal pump stage (2), which is located on the suction side and is not self-priming, and having a pump inlet nozzle (6), which is located axially at the level of the horizontal shaft (1), and having at least one centrifugal pump stage (3). which is located downstream and which, operating with the aid of auxiliary liquid, is self-priming. According to the invention, the self-priming capability and reliability of the pump, in particular for conveying media in the vicinity of their boiling point, are improved by arranging a liquid reservoir (13), of sufficient size, between two pump stages, the connection from this reservoir to the preceding centrifugal pump stage being located in the geodetically upper portion of the reservoir, and a seal (16) for closing the shaft clearance being located between the liquid reservoir (13) and the preceding centrifugal pump stage.

Abstract: A turbine exhaust hood has a flow passage (2) which accommodates a guide member (6) and a deflector (8). The deflector (8) is made from a resilient material and has, when in initial position, a form of a ring with a radial slit, with the axis of said ring being substantially aligned with the turbine axis (7). The deflector (8) is mounted for free movement along the turbine axis (7), which movement is enabled by a mechanism (10) connected with the deflector (8) so that with turbine operating at reduced loads, the deflector (8) forms, together with the guide (6) and the wall of the casing (1), a volute-shaped channel (11). The outlet section (11a) of the channel (11) is disposed at the place of the slit (9) of the ring (8).

Abstract: A press container of a diaphragm press for agricultural products, such as grapes, fruits and other fruits or fruit-like products is driven to be rotatable about its horizontal lengthwise axis and is provided with two substantially hood-shaped diaphragms or membranes. The diaphragm attachment elements are arranged at surfaces which run with opposite inclination in the direction of the inlet and outlet opening, respectively. During the filling of the container the diaphragms are located at the upper side thereof and at the same time juice outlet channels of the press container lie free at the region of dropping of the mesh. This leads to an increased juice extraction by pre-dejuicing. The conveying action of the diaphragm attachment elements facilitates the removal of the grape or product residue.

Abstract: A sealing device including a sealing ring extending around the periphery of a gas turbine stator section and located between the stator section and the free ends of the stator vanes. The sealing ring is formed of individual segments movable radially relative to each other. Each two adjacent sealing ring segments have opposed faces, one face presenting projections and the other having correspondingly shaped recesses for accommodating the projections with clearance. Each opposed face has a groove at least as deep as the projection or recess in that face, and a flat plate is located in the opposed grooves. Springs or gas pressure press the sealing ring segments radially outwardly against the free ends of the vanes. The radius of curvature of the ring segments outer surfaces is smaller than that of the vane ends so that the segments and vane ends contact each other over only a portion of their surfaces.

Abstract: An apparatus for continuous extrusion of a material including a hollow barrel with inner liner having a cylindrical chamber portion and an outwardly divergent, coaxial frusto-conical outlet chamber portion adjacent thereto so that reverse pressure developed by extrusion of the material results in sealing engagement of the frusto-conical screw and barrel portions thereby effectively preventing regurgitation of the material. A fluted screw is rotatably positioned coaxially within the barrel and liner, and has both cylindrical and outwardly divergent outer thread surface portions conforming to the inner surface of the cylindrical and the frusto-conical chamber portions, respectively, of the barrel and liner. Rotation of the screw forces the material to flow axially through the barrel along the threads of the screw toward the outlet chamber portion and through an extrusion die.

Abstract: A windmill blade system with two distinct blade ends with each comprising a center area having a series of identical projections equidistant from a central mounting orifice in the center area. Each of the projections consist of an upward and a downward facing triangle sharing a common base. When the blade units are combined by aligning the center areas of each, the triangles of the upper blade unit are above the plane formed by the center areas and the lower triangles of the lower base units are below that plane. With the lower blade unit projections forming a mirror image of the upper ones.The invention also contemplates a windmill having at least one of the blade systems rotating horizontally about a vertical shaft.

Abstract: A fluid flow control system for use with turbines, such as the Tesla-type turbine, where the power fluid contains large amounts of impurities and where it is desired to closely modulate the flow of the fluid to the turbine. The fluid flow channels to the turbine wheel are defined by a plurality of cooperating fluid flow confining blades which may be adjusted to controllably vary the cross-sectional area of the fluid flow channels. The convergent inlet portions and substantially parallel outlet portions of the fluid flow channels as defined by the blades provide a geometry which is highly conducive to the dampening of upstream turbulence and to the injection toward the turbine wheel of an essentially laminar jet. The configuration of the blades and the manner of their adjustment is such that the angular convergence of the inlet portions and the parallelism of the outlet portions of the channels does not change as the blades are adjusted to vary the cross-sectional area of the channels.