Abstract: An X-ray table has a cassette holder for receiving an X-ray film cassette and releasably retaining it generally adjacent the lower surface of the table top and at least one collapsible guard rail assembly supported for movement between raised and lowered positions. The guard rail assembly includes a hollow elongated top rail supported above the plane of the table top in said raised position and disposed adjacent an associated side edge of the table top immediately above the cassette holder in said lowered position. The support members which carry each top rail and the means for retaining it in its raised position are substantially wholly disposed within the confines of the hollow top rail in its lowered or collapsed position.

Abstract: The apparatus is for heat-fixing a toner image onto a support sheet in which the fixing of toner image is effected through both infrared radiation and direct contact with a heated surface of fixing roller in succession. An endless belt, having a transparency for infrared and trained over a pair of rollers, is disposed within a heat insulating casing, an upper run of the belt defining a path of movement of a toner image bearing support sheet to be fixed. An infrared radiator is disposed beneath the upper run of belt while a reflecting plate is disposed at the opposite side of the belt from the radiator with respect to the path. A fixing roller is disposed downstream of the radiator along the path for completing the fixing.

Abstract: An X-ray diagnosing device for producing X-ray photographic series, particularly motion pictures, has means for overload protection of the X-ray tube and an indicating device for the permissible scene duration. The invention is particularly characterized by a calculator which is programmed corresponding to anticipated photographing programs, and which produces upon the indicating device the duration of a scene, and indication zero for the pause required for the full scene duration after the last photographing series corresponding to the selected photographing program, and, after the termination of this pause, an indication of the full scene duration.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for separating isotope types by inducing an isotopically selective vibrational excitation of molecules containing at least one atom of the element type whose isotopes are to be separated. Vibrational excitation is induced in the molecules by finely tuned, narrow bandwidth laser radiation applied to a gaseous flow of the molecules. Isotopic separation of the molecules is achieved from the enhanced difference in diffusion rates for the molecules due to an alteration of the accommodation coefficients in the excited molecules.

Abstract: A floating mass or matrix for use in the melt of an electron beam vapor source to permit a wide latitude of evaporant level without necessary replenishment while at the same time reducing convective currents in the melt.

Abstract: The invention relates to an automatic X-ray exposure device having a measuring member, for example, an ionization chamber comprising a large number of measuring fields, for example, 5 .times. 5. Each measuring field is associated with a capacitor which, during television fluoroscopy, receives the part of the video signal which is derived from the part of the television image in which the dose or the dose power is to be measured in the associated measuring field. Therefore, the capacitors having the highest and the lowest voltage, respectively, have associated therewith the measuring fields having the largest and the smallest, respectively, dose or dose power. Subsequently, the measuring fields whose dose or dose power is situated in a given organ-dependent range between a maximum and a minimum value are determined and actuated for the automatic exposure in a subsequent exposure.

Abstract: This is an ion-producing source having a distinct chemical ionization configuration and a distinct electron impact configuration. In this source, a hollow chamber including an ion source and a source of sample molecules receives a hollow, slidable cylindrical member having a chemical ionization chamber within it. Orifices in the chamber and the cylindrical member connect the chemical ionization source chamber to the electron source and to the sample molecule source when the cylindrical member is pulled to one position. When the cylindrical member is pulled to another position, the slidable cylindrical member and the inside walls of the chamber define the ionization region to which the electron source and the sample molecule source are directly connected. By moving the cylindrical member, the ionization source can be changed from a chemical ionization source to an electron impact source.

Abstract: An extended radiating aperture for X-rays is provided by means of a stationary target of an X-ray emissive metal positioned for uniform illumination by high speed electrons emanating from a cathode and accelerating through a difference of potential between the cathode and the target. The target is in the form of a relatively thin film which can be deposited on a substrate transparent to X-radiation. The substrate cools the target. The generator is advantageously utilized with a zone plate which provides a coding on a roentgenogram which is then decoded by an optical processor to form a visible image of an object being X-rayed. An alternative embodiment of the invention includes the use of an inclined transmissive target for enhanced monochromaticity to emitted radiation.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a device particularly adapted for hygienic purposes and includes mirror means for visually inspecting vaginal and/or genital areas of a person, particularly when in a seated position, and means for attaching the mirror means to a toilet and/or commode seat. The attaching means including a generally S-shaped element to which the mirror means is attached by a conventional universal joint for adjusting the position of the mirror means to accommodate optical adjustments.

Abstract: A detector for detecting ions and/or electrons present in a resonance cell of an ICR spectrometer is disclosed. The detector which operates on the Q-meter principle is driven by an external rf oscillator capable of providing rf frequencies up to about 15MHz at an adjustable low rf signal level, e.g., below 20mV. The detector is connected across the resonance of the cell to detect ions by detecting their cyclotron frequency. Electrons are detectable by connecting the detector across the cell's trapping plates and thereby detect the electrons' trapping motion, the frequency of which is in the megahertz range.

Abstract: A tomographic apparatus in which an X-ray tube and a film travel in straight, circular, elliptical, near-hypocycloidal and spiral paths about a fixed point of an object, keeping a certain positional relationship between them. The X-ray tube and the film are supported by a link mechanism retaining the aforesaid positional relationship, and the above-mentioned movement is achieved by a control means. The control means comprises: a drive mechanism having an internal gear, and a planetary gear, in mesh with the internal gear, rotates itself and moves around the internal gear; and a control mechanism for controlling rotation of those gears.

Abstract: A shielded magnetic lens and deflection yoke structure for an electron beam column which minimizes aberrations in the lens system caused by winding asymmetry in the field coil, as well as aberrations due to eddy currents created within the magnetic circuit of the lens by interaction with the field of the deflection yoke. The shield includes a polepiece structure for the magnetic electron lens generally comprising a hollow cylinder formed of a plurality of precisely machined magnetic discs stacked concentrically with precisely machined nonmagnetic discs in alternating sequence with the lens coil positioned adjacent the periphery of the cylinder and the deflection yoke positioned within the cylinder or proximate to either end thereof. In one preferred embodiment of the invention the magnetic discs are formed of a nonconductive material such as ferrite and the nonmagnetic discs are formed of alumina.

Abstract: Ionizing gaseous substances (e.g., for mass spectral analysis) by passing the neutral gaseous substances sequentially through a chemical ionization (CI) zone and an electron impact ionization (EI) zone and impelling gaseous ions formed in one or both of the zones to a mass spectrometer. CI, EI, simultaneous EI--EI, and closely alternating CI and EI spectra are obtainable.

Abstract: An improved method and apparatus for transaxial tomographic scanning a patient. A scanning system is provided having a rotatably mounted X-ray radiation source/detector assembly which orbits and scans the patient in a plane of orbit. The source provides a plurality of beams of radiation having axes in the orbital plane. The beams pass through the patient to an array of detectors each of which is and respectively aligned with a different one of the beams. Radiation intensity data is collected at predetermined orientation of each beam - detector pair as the assembly orbits about the patient. In one embodiment the source and detector are rotated as a unit through a rotation angle .phi. about center of rotation while the assembly orbits the patient through an orbit angle .gamma.. Measurements are taken as the beams from the X-ray source sweep, due to the source detector rotation relative to a patient, through substantially uniformly spaced, coplanar points [t, (k), .theta.

Abstract: In order to determine the size category or categories of particles dispersed in a liquid a sample flow is passed through a flow channel of sufficient length to allow, at a certain point, a stable flow with a predetermined flow velocity distribution over the channel cross section, such velocity distribution also causing a distribution of the particles over the channel cross section according to the particle size, whereupon a measure of the size category is obtained by determining the amounts of particles appearing in different areas of the channel cross section. The method for determining the particle amount in a certain area of the cross section comprises use of an X-ray spectrometer, whereby the size category may be determined for different materials selectively, and at a second point of the channel there may be caused a strong turbulence to assure a uniform distribution of the particles, whereby at this second point there is obtained a corresponding normalizing measure for the equalization of the effects e.

Abstract: A collimator changing assembly mounted on the support structure of a scintillation camera. A vertical support column positioned proximate the detector support column with a plurality of support arms mounted thereon in a rotatable cantilevered manner at separate vertical positions. Each support arm is adapted to carry one of the plurality of collimators which are interchangeably mountable on the underside of the detector and to transport the collimator between a store position remote from the detector and a change position underneath said detector.

Abstract: A device for supporting the skull of a person laying horizontally, mainly for taking X-ray photographs of the skull and which device is adjustable for bringing the skull to a desired position and retaining the skull while being X-rayed.

Abstract: An article transfer and inspection apparatus comprising chamber-defining means, substantially impermeable to x-rays; and x-ray source for directing x-rays to a first portion of said chamber; feed and extraction conveyor systems individually having at least a portion thereof outside the chamber and respectively serving to introduce and remove an article into and from the chamber, the feed conveyor system being operable at a first speed; an inspection conveyor system located between the feed and extraction conveyor systems and at least partly disposed at the chamber first portion, the inspection conveyor system being operable at a second speed at least equal to the first speed and serving to carry the article through the chamber first portion; and means for converting x-rays passing through the first portion and the article into a visual image.The apparatus can also include means for achieving a pre-determined spacing between various articles.

Abstract: Radiation transmitting apparatus which is smaller, lighter and less expensive than prior art systems, provides approximately 360.degree. azimuthal coverage and has the capability of operating in an infrared countermeasure mode when in a hostile area and as a collision avoidance beacon when in a non-hostile area. In particular, a rotatable reflector is positioned adjacent a fixed infrared source within a protective member capable of being mounted to an object to be protected, such as a helicopter. In the infrared countermeasure mode of operation, the reflector is rotated at a first angular velocity. An infrared filter is positioned relative to the infrared source and the rotating reflector whereby only infrared radiation is transmitted through the protective member.

Abstract: A mirror structure designed to minimize damage to the mirror caused by soft X-rays. A reflective coating having a high reflectivity at wavelengths of interest is deposited on a glass substrate. The reflective coating has a moderately low atomic number to reduce direct susceptibility to substantial X-ray damage, and further has a high coefficient of thermal conductivity so that it is a good conductor of heat from the reflective coating to the glass substrate. Unfortunately, glass is a poor conductor of heat, and the accumulation of absorbed energy in the reflective coating will rapidly lead to crazing, melting, and vaporization. Accordingly the mirror structure is designed with a heat sink coating between the reflective coating and the glass substrate. The heat sink coating has a higher coefficient of thermal conductivity than glass so that it conducts heat away from the reflective coating, and also has an atomic number which is lower than glass so that it is subject to less X-ray energy absorption.