Abstract: A multimedia teleconference system serving sound data to an existing telephone terminal as well as multimedia terminals, and makes the existing telephone terminal join in a multimedia telephone conference by the use of sound data. The multimedia teleconference system includes a first multimedia terminal for generating various kinds of media data including at least, sound data. The teleconference system further including a plurality of second multimedia terminals for setting connections corresponding to each of the various kinds of media data, a telephone terminal for receiving only sound data, and a switch for receiving the various kinds of media-data sent from the first multimedia terminal and distinguishing a connection for the sound data and extracting only the sound data transferring on the distinguished connection to send the extracted sound data to the telephone terminal.

Abstract: A code division multiple access system provides a way of allocating an increased data rate to a requesting mobile station. A mobile station requesting a data rate in excess of the basic data rate sends received pilot strength data for its base station and base stations in adjacent cells. The received pilot strength data is used to determine an increased data rate to be assigned to the requesting mobile station. One feature assigns an increased data rate when the received pilot strength data has a predetermined relationship to an established threshold. Another feature utilizes a series of threshold levels, each pair of levels associated with a different permitted data rate. Using the received pilot strength data, a data rate is determined which satisfies all adjacent cell interference concerns.

Abstract: There is provided a CDMA communication system in which the number of multiple users can be greatly increased under fast fading circumstances. In a transmitting apparatus, an M-ary digital modulator modulates the m-bit (m.gtoreq.2 and m is an integer) binary digital signal into M-value symbols (M=2.sup.m) prior to the spreading operation by multipliers. In a receiving apparatus, after the despreading operation by an orthogonalizing filter, an M-ary digital demodulator compensates the variation of the phase and amplitude of the carrier of the M-ary modulated signal during the transmission. A decision circuit decides the output of the M-ary digital demodulator. A tap coefficient control circuit calculates orthogonalizing coefficients using the outputs of the subtractors, the outputs of the M-ary digital demodulator, the outputs of receiving filters, and the spreading code.

Abstract: A system is designed to allow collision to be avoided in a wireless local area network environment through the exchange (between a transmitting station and an intended receiving station) of handshake information that includes power level control signals indicative of power levels at which the sending and receiving stations are allowed to operate in order a) to avoid causing interference with communications between other stations, and b) to prevent other stations from causing interference in subsequent communications between the sending and receiving stations.

Abstract: To assign a carrier frequency to different mobile stations in a conventional Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA) radio system, the stations are differentiated according to the direction in space from which they transmit radio signals to a base station. In addition, the distances between the base station and the mobile stations are compared. To prevent interference at the receiving site (base station BTS), according to the invention a carrier frequency (f) is assigned to the different mobile stations (MS1 to MS3) only if the directions in space (.THETA.1 to .THETA.3) are sufficiently different and the receive levels (P1 to P3) of the radio signals are sufficiently equal. To that end, each mobile station (MS1 to MS3) is assigned a guard area, which encompasses at least a preselected solid angle (lobe width w) and at most a preselected level space (dynamic range S).

Abstract: A signal transmitting apparatus using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing includes an inverse fast Fourier transform circuit for converting a digital information signal into a first multi-value QAM modulation signal. A guard interval setting circuit is operative for periodically generating a guard interval signal equal to a time segment of the first multi-value QAM modulation signal, and inserting the guard interval signal into the first multi-value QAM modulation signal to convert the first multi-value QAM modulation signal into a second multi-value QAM modulation signal. A clock signal generating circuit is operative for generating a first clock signal which drives the inverse fast Fourier transform circuit, and generating a second clock signal which drive the guard interval setting circuit. The inverse fast Fourier transform circuit is operative for generating a pilot signal which corresponds to a given-order carrier, and adding the pilot signal to the first multi-value QAM modulation signal.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for accessing a communication system relies on the use of varying access probabilities for subscribers or messages of varying priority. A serving infrastructure entity (e.g., a base station) determines access probabilities (e.g., p.sub.hi and p.sub.lo where there are two classes of subscribers) in response to known system parameters like the current rate of access attempts for each priority class of user/message. Values representative of these access probabilities are then transmitted to the subscriber unit(s), for example by use of a system broadcast channel or control channels. These values are then used by the subscriber units in determining when to access an uplink channel. A temporal and/or proportional priority distribution approach is preferably used in determining the access values. As a result of this contention-based prioritization, an expedited access is achieved by higher priority units/traffic, thus increasing their throughput.

Abstract: An ATM switch capable of preventing the network resource from being wasted during the occurrence of an overcrowding condition. In the ATM switch, both a message type and a processing mode are stored in correspondence to the connections. When the discarding of a cell occurs, the connection to which the discarded cell belongs is set to a discard mode by a cell discard controlling circuit, and each cell constituting the same message as that of the discarded cell out of the subsequent cells is discarded, and when a demarkation of the message has been detected, the processing mode is returned to a transfer mode, whereby the subsequent received cells are transferred in a normal manner. Thus, the cell which has become useless for a reception terminal is discarded in the network.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of communicating information using Time Division Multiple Access and adaptive transmission and reception are disclosed. Signal bursts are transmitted from TDMA transmitters to a TDMA receiver wherein the transmitter codes the information and transmits coded information to the receiver using at least one of two timeslots of a plurality of timeslots in a repetitive TDMA frame period. Both of the two timeslots are received whether or not the transmitter has transmitted using one or two timeslots and the received signals are classified as intended and non-intended. Successively received signals classified as intended are then assembled into a block for decoding to reproduce the information.

Abstract: A printed circuit board tester that compensates for the different propagation length of each channel including a single-input delay cell, at least one multiple-input delay cell, and a multiplexor. The delay cells are connected to one another in a chain. Further, the single-input delay cell is the first delay cell in the chain, and each multiple-input delay cell has the ability to select one of its inputs. A timing signal is applied to each delay cell, and to the multiplexor. The inputs of the multiple-input delay cells are connected to the output of the single-input delay cell, and to the outputs of any preceding multiple-input delay cells in the chain. The single-input delay cell delays the timing signal. Each multiple-input delay cell is programmed by the tester to select one of its inputs; it then delays the selected input. Finally, the multiplexor is programmed by the tester to select either the timing signal or one of the outputs of the delay cells.

Abstract: A system and method for communicating multiple priority level data packets between input ports and output ports of a switch is disclosed where the data packet has a header portion identifying at least one output port destination and a level of priority, selected from a predetermined set of priority levels, of the data within the data packet. A buffer, shared by the output ports, stores the data packet in a selected buffer location based on the output port destination and priority level of the data packet. Pointers to buffer locations containing data packets having a particular priority level are stored in one or more priority sub-queues for one or more of the plurality of output ports based on the output port destinations and the priority level of the data packet. The data packets are output to the output ports in priority order.

Abstract: For the purpose of controlling a communication network used for communication of information and having a plurality of transmission units and a plurality of circuits making connections between the plurality of transmission units, a network control apparatus is provided which rearranges the communication network, by using a plurality of transmission units and a plurality of circuits, into at least one terminal network of at least four terminals.

Abstract: A system and method which delivers data at very high data transmission speeds to many locations simultaneously. A SCANS system is supplied with a satellite uplink communication module which transmits data to an earth orbiting satellite. The satellite then retransmits the data over a wide geographical area. Each receiving location is equipped with a small satellite dish to receive data from the satellite. Advantageously, the satellite dish is connected to a work station in the switching office which then processes the received data and delivers all information in a form that is ready for use by the modules' switching office. Errors during data transmission are noted for further processing. After the data is broadcast from the beginning to the end, the SCANS system pauses for a brief interval during which time each receiving station performs error detection, error correction, and other recovery procedures on the data it just received.

Abstract: An out-of-band controller for a large packet switch which is distributed throughout partitions or pipes of the packet switch. Thus, the out-of-band controller is divided into multiple pipe controllers. These pipe controllers are connected and operated in a ring such that each pipe controller is with a respective fraction of the input path requests for packets. The requests are processed concurrently and any request that is not fulfilled in one pipe controller is offered to up to three subsequent pipe controllers to hunt a path for the awaiting packets. The controller, by using up to four levels of parallelism, can hunt paths and set up connections for 256 or more input ATM packet lines in normal monocast mode, thus providing a throughput of 1 terabit per second or more. A distributed controller design makes such tremendous aggregate switching speeds possible.

Abstract: A physically realizable one terabit or more ATM packet switch that has a large number of input interfaces connected to a single stage switching fabric which is in turn connected to a number of output modules, generally according to the growable packet switch architecture. This ATM packet switch is different from other growable packet switches in that it has a single stage switch fabric controlled by an out-of-band controller, yet it has significantly reduced complexity with respect to comparably sized electronic crossbar switches or their isomorphs. The out-of-band controller has multiple priority levels in order to provide high priority users with a near certainty that their packets will be successfully routed, while delivering an acceptably low packet or cell loss probability to users at the lowest priority level.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an interactive computer-assisted, multi-media biofeedback system which displays a user's physiological data as a colored aura driving a computer video game or program. The system includes: (1) a personal computer processing unit with a color video monitor, (2) software programs to digitally generate a color aura portrait, alterable in real-time in response to the changes of measured physiological variables of the user, (3) a video game Biostick which measures the user's physiological variables and input control devices such as a mouse or keyboard, (4) audio components for auditory feedback, and (5) remote communications devices. Software may consist of competitive or educational exercises or adventures which are interactive with the user's physical skills of controlling a joystick and controlling the physiological variables as represented by the aura measured through the Biostick.

Abstract: Full channel service is obtained over a modified ISDN BRI interface by emulating at least one central office (CO) station terminal which provides access to a voice channel over a single digital subscriber line DSL for user station terminals whether or not they are ISDN BRI compatible. To this end, an interface is provided for the DSL that emulates an ISDN BRI CO station terminal and acts like a facility to user station terminals. More specifically, a plurality of CO station terminals are emulated on a single multi-point passive bus terminating the single DSL. Each of the emulated CO station terminals presents to the CO switching office the appearance of being a CO station terminal. The emulated CO station terminals are configured such that CO features are accessible. Information from the emulated CO station terminals is mapped into existing system structures where such structures are available and compatible with the information from the emulated terminal.

Abstract: A radio communication system for performing communications between a base station and mobile stations by Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) with a certain number of time slots in a frame. The distribution of time slots can be changed based on transmission rate, error occurrence rate, instruction of operators, etc. Communications can be performed using appropriate number of time slots.

Abstract: A frame-synchronous reproducing circuit (10) includes a BIC status register (20) of six stages, and a BIC status signal (c) from each stage of the register is applied to a BIC pattern determination circuit (24) in which the BIC status signal (c) and a BIC changing pattern being stored in advance are compared with each other. If the both are coincident with each other, the BIC pattern determination circuit (24) applies a high-level signal to a JK flip-flop (26) via an OR circuit (48), whereby a high-level signal representing that frame synchronization has been settled is outputted from the JK flip-flop (26).

Abstract: A virtual connection (V) is pre-set from an originating to a destination ATM communication terminal equipment (KE(1),KE(2)) in an ATM communication network (KN) such that administration and maintenance cells (oam) can pass the preset connection (V). An administration and maintenance cell (oam1) is subsequently transmitted from the destination to the originating ATM communication terminal equipment (KE(2),KE(1)). An administration and maintenance and a through-connect information (oam3,di) inserted into the administration and maintenance cell (oam1) effect an immediate through-connect of the pre-set virtual connection (V) in the ATM communication systems (KS1,2) involved in the virtual connection (V). Alternatively, a known method for setting up and clearing down virtual connections can be incorporated into the method.