Abstract: Extended rhodamine compounds exhibiting favorable fluorescence characteristics having the structure are disclosed. In addition, novel intermediates for synthesis of these dyes are disclosed, such intermediates having the structure In addition, methods of making and using the dyes as fluorescent labels are disclosed.

Abstract: The tripeptide glycine-proline-glutamine (GPE) may be administered before, or usually after, injury to reduce damage to the central nervous system. GPE appears useful for neuronal rescue particularly but not exclusively within the hippocampus. Advantages of GPE include: (a) that it crosses the blood-brain barrier, so is effective by injected peripheral administration, (b) it is unlikely to challenge the immune system, (c) it is cheap, and (d) its therapeutic ratio is high. GPE may also be infused into the CSF. It may be administered prior to parturition or elective brain or cardiac surgery. Transdermal routes may be useful for chronic neural disorders. The CNS of mammals (including foetal mammals) after trauma including hypoxic/ischaemic experimental insults showed reduced damage under GPE protection as measured by histological assessment of cell damage or death and regional shrinkage.

Abstract: Radiation-activated catalysts (RACs), autocatalytic reactions, and protective groups are employed to achieve a highly sensitive, high resolution, radiation directed combinatorial synthesis of pattern arrays of diverse polymers. When irradiated, RACs produce catalysts that can react with enhancers, such as those involved in autocatalytic reactions. The autocatalytic reactions produce at least one product that removes protecting groups from synthesis intermediates. This invention has a wide variety of applications and is particularly useful for the solid phase combinatorial synthesis of polymers.

Abstract: The invention concerns exendin analogues which can be used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. The invention also concerns processes for preparing these substances and medicaments containing them. The exendin analogues are derived from SEQ ID:1(I) or SEQ ID:2(II).

Abstract: The present invention is related to the fields of genetic mapping and genetic identity detection, including forensic identification and paternity testing. This invention is more specifically directed to the use of mass spectrometry to detect length variation in DNA nucleotide sequence repeats (including variants of common alleles), such as microsatellites and short tandem repeats, and to DNA sequences provided as primers for the analysis of DNA tandem nucleotide repeat polymorphisms at specific loci on specific chromosomes.

Abstract: Method and reagent composition for covalent attachment of target molecules, such as nucleic acids, onto the surface of a substrate. The reagent composition includes epoxide groups capable of covalently binding to the target molecule. Optionally, the composition can contain photoreactive groups for use in attaching the reagent composition to the surface. The reagent composition can be used to provide activated slides for use in preparing microarrays of nucleic acids.

Abstract: A sublancin peptide variant (lantibody) having a spacer region and a subtilin leader peptide fused to the C-terminal end of the mature sublancin peptide provide an anchoring means for inserting and retaining the lantibody in a host cell wall without affecting the intracellular processing of the lantibody, host cell expression of the molecule on the cell surface or the biological activity of the mature sublancin peptide in extracellular, cell-wall-bound form. Target molecules that bind to the lantibody and methods of engineering a peptide variant gene, plasmid and a host cell transformant are described as are methods of using a lantibody to identify new target molecules.

Abstract: The present invention relates, inter alia, to methodologies for the synthesis, screening and characterization of organometallic compounds and catalysts (e.g., homogeneous catalysts). The methods of the present invention provide for the combinatorial synthesis, screening and characterization of libraries of supported and unsupported organometallic compounds and catalysts (e.g., homogeneous catalysts). The methods of the present invention can be applied to the preparation and screening of large numbers of organometallic compounds which can be used not only as catalysts (e.g., homogeneous catalysts), but also as additives and therapeutic agents.

Abstract: The present invention provides peptides and peptide analogues that mimic the structural and pharmacological properties of human ApoA-I. The peptides and peptide analogues are useful to treat a variety of disorders associated with dyslipidemia.

Abstract: Cleavable alkene-containing linkers and supports useful for the solid phase synthesis of chemical compounds, and combinatorial libraries of compounds, are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods of making and using the linkers and supports.

Abstract: The peptides and derivative metapeptides based upon natural antimicrobial peptides have potent and broad spectrum activity against pathogens exhibiting multiple antibiotic resistance. In addition, they exhibit lower inherent mammalian cell toxicities than conventional antimicrobial peptides, and overcome problems of toxicity, immunogenicity, and shortness of duration of effectiveness due to biodegradation, retaining activity in plasma and serum. The peptides and derivative metapeptides exhibit rapid microbicidal activities in vitro, can be used to potentiate conventional antimicrobial agents, to potentiate other antimicrobial peptides, and are active against many organisms that exhibit resistance to multiple antibiotics currently in existence.

Abstract: The present invention provides for an improved method of preparing fetuin by using a chelating agent to remove inorganic ions, such as zinc, calcium, and barium, from fetuin. Then, reloading the “naked” fetuin with Zinc Acetate to form a product that is mainly Fetuin-Zinc. This improved method of preparing Fetuin-Zinc or supercharged zinc fetuin increases the effectiveness of inducing apoptosis in cancer cells by three to four times.

Abstract: Weak binding motifs were transformed into a high affinity ligand surface by using a heterologous self-assembled monolayer (SAM) as a rigid scaffold to present discrete binding moieties, in a controlled geometry, to a target molecule. At a critical ligand density, the discrete binding moieties simulated a multivalent ligand and promoted high-affinity, cooperative binding of the target molecule. Statistical calculations were applied to SAM components in solution and gold-sulfur packing dimensions to extract the inter-ligand-distance within the SAM. This distance information is valuable to the rational design of multivalent drugs.

Abstract: Disclosed are peptides which are peptide derivatives of the HJ loop of a protein tyrosine kinase. The peptides can modulate the activity of the protein tyrosine kinase. Also disclosed are methods of modulating the activity of a protein tyrosine kinase in a subject by administering one of the peptides of the present invention.

Abstract: A chip is disclosed. The chip includes a base including a non-sample surface and at least one structure includes a pillar. Each structure includes a sample surface that is elevated with respect to the non-sample surface and each structure may be adapted to receive a sample.

Abstract: This invention characterizes the specific peptide fragment derived from specially prepared zinc charged fetuin and a method of preparation thereof, wherein the fragment was found to contain an apoptosis-inducing activity. Specifically, the amino acid sequence of this peptide is H-T-F-S-G-V-A-S-V-E and correlates to amino acid no. 300-309 of fetuin, referred to herein as Fetuin Peptide Fragment (FPF 300-09). FPF 300-09 strongly induced apoptosis in LNCaP (prostate cancer) and HT-29 (colon cancer) cells without affecting CCD 18 Co (normal colon) cells. The in vitro tissue culture study demonstrated that the FPF 300-09 is more potent than the parent molecule (full-length zinc charged fetuin) in inducing apoptosis. FPF 300-09 has a LD50 of 0.3-0.4 &mgr;M, while the LD50 for zinc-charged fetuin is 3-10 &mgr;M.

Abstract: The present invention provides peptides and peptide analogues that mimic the structural and pharmacological properties of human ApoA-I. The peptides and peptide analogues are useful to treat a variety of disorders associated with dyslipidemia.

Abstract: The process is used for the screening of molecules from molecule libraries with regard to their individual binding behavior towards at least one given ligand. For this purpose the ligands labelled with a fluorescent dye are mixed with the molecule library which is in the form of a suspension. The mixture is plated out on a two-dimensional substrate (2) after the excess, unbound ligands have been washed out. Then the local fluorescence intensities on the substrate are electro-optically identified in a fluorescence microscope (5) and electronically discriminated in accordance with given selection criteria. The objects selected and localised in this way are then sequentially positioned exactly by a displacement, the coordinates of which are controlled by the image calculator, between the substrate (2) and a separation actuator (20, 21) and are spatially separated from the substrate (2) by the separation actuator (20, 21).

Abstract: This invention provides methods for treating a mycobacterial infection by administering to an animal a pharmaceutical composition containing a compound having the formula R—SOn—Z—CO—Y, where R is an alkyl group having 6-20 carbons; Z is a radical selected from —CH2—, —O—, and —NH—, two of these radicals coupled together, or —CH2═CH2—; Y is —NH2, O—CH2—C6H5, —CO—CO—O—CH3, or O—CH3; and n is 1 or 2. It has been discovered that these compounds inhibit growth of microbial cells which synthesize &agr;-substitued, &bgr;-hydroxy fatty acids, particularly corynemycolic acid, nocardic acid, and mycolic acid. These compounds may be used to inhibit growth of mycobacterial cells, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, drug-resistant M. tuberculosis, M. avium intracellulare, and M. leprae.

Abstract: Dehydrodidemnin B with useful biological activity has formula (1). It can be isolated from natural sources or synthesized, and it forms active derivatives.