Abstract: There is disclosed a novel process for preparing a number of cinnamaldehyde derivatives. These cinnamaldehyde derivatives can be reduced to dihydrocinnamaldehyde derivatives, a number of which are commercially important in the preparation of fragrances. The invention is also directed to a number of novel intermediates and their preparation.

Abstract: To prepare a 1-nitrobenzene-2-alkyloxycarbonyl-5-carboxylic acid, a dialkyl benzene-1,4-dicarboxylate is first nitrated in a customary manner and the dialkyl 1-nitrobenzene-2,5-dicarboxylate compound obtained is subjected to a partial acidic ester hydrolysis without isolating the nitro compound prepared as an intermediate. The acidic ester hydrolysis is carried out in the presence of a catalytic amount of an organic solvent which is completely or partially miscible with water and has a boiling point of above 90.degree. C. and/or of an emulsifier; it is preferably carried out at a temperature between 65.degree. and 110.degree. C.

Abstract: Allyl derivatives of phenols, thiophenols and arylamines are prepared by contacting such aromatic reactant with an allyl lower alkyl carbonate in the presence of a molybdenum, tungsten or Group VIII metal.

Abstract: The present invention concerns new derivatives of 1-aryl 2-aminomethyl cyclopropane carboxylates (Z), their preparation and their use as useful drugs for the treatment of various pains.The new derivatives of the present invention have the general formula I ##STR1## in which: R represents a hydrogen or halogen atom, a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 lower alkyl group, a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 lower alkoxy group, or a nitro, amino, sulfamoyl or hydroxy group;n represents the values 1, 2 or 3;(R).sub.n may together with the benzene ring also form the naphthyl group;R.sub.1 represents a linear or branched C.sub.1 to C.sub.5 alkyl or alkenyl group or an aryl or benzyl group;R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 represent a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched C.sub.1 to C.sub.5 alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, carboxyalkyl or dialkylaminoalkyl group or an aryl, arylalkyl or cycloalkyl group;R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 possibly also forming a heterocycle of 5 or 6 members with the adjacent nitrogen atom,provided however that when R.sub.

Abstract: 2-Methoxyethyl cyclododec-1-enyl ether is of interest as a precursor for the saturated ether, 2-methoxyethyl cyclododecyl ether, which can be obtained therefrom by catalytic hydrogenation, in a high purity and with a good fragrance quality. The saturated ether is a valuable fragrance component having a woody note. A process for producing 2-methylethyl cyclododec-1-enyl ether comprises the step of reacting cyclododecanone, 2-methoxyethanol and a tri(lower alkyl) orthoformate, at a temperature of 50.degree.-250.degree. C., in the presence of an acid catalyst, removing resultant low-boiling compounds by distillation, and recovering resultant 2-methoxyethyl cyclododec-1-enyl ether.

Abstract: A process for preparing cyclooctene-4-ol-1 with a content in excess of 70% by reacting cyclooctadiene-1,5 with formic acid and then saponifying or transesterifying the cyclooctenyl formate with an alcohol of low boiling point.In the absence of a catalyst, formic acid is reacted with cyclooctadiene-1,5 at 50.degree. to 200.degree. C., preferably 95.degree. to 105.degree. C. The reaction product without further processing is directly distilled, and the formic acid ester so obtained is transesterified with an alcohol of low boiling point into the formate of that alcohol and into cyclooctene-4-ol-1.

Abstract: Methyl m-nitrobenzoate is prepared by a process in which an isomer mixture is treated with from 10 to 1000% by weight of water in the presence of from 0.05 to 20% by weight of an emulsifier, the percentages being based on the weight of the isomer mixture,(a) in a first stage at from 55.degree. to 100.degree. C. and a pH from 2 to 8 and then(b) in a second stage at from 10.degree. to 40.degree. C. and a pH of not less than 9.The methyl m-nitrobenzoate obtainable by the process of the invention is a useful starting material for the preparation of dyes and crop protection agents.

Abstract: An acetal is produced at a high yield and a high selectivity by contacting an olefin and an alcohol with each other in the presence of (a) a nitrite, (b) a platinum group metal or the salts thereof and (c) a halide at a high reaction rate without requirement of any troublesome operations for the separation, recovery and regeneration of the catalyst.

Abstract: An acetal is produced at a high yield and a high selectivity by contacting an olefin and an alcohol with each other in the presence of (a) a nitrite, (b) a platinum group metal or the salts thereof and (c) a halide at a high reaction rate without requirement of any troublesome operations for the separation, recovery and regeneration of the catalyst.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for the preparation of aliphatic ethers by reacting the corresponding alcohol and/or olefin over a superacid catalyst.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for producing methyl tert.-butyl ether wherein n-butane is isomerized to isobutane which is then catalytically dehydrogenated to form an isobutane/isobutene mixture, while natural gas is reformed to form synthesis gas containing CO and H.sub.2 which is in turn converted to methanol, the resulting methanol and isobutene in the isobutane/isobutene mixture being etherified to form methyl tert.-butyl ether. Isobutane is then separated from the resulting etherification mixture and is recycled to the dehydrogenation stage.

Abstract: An acetal is produced at a high yield and a high selectivity by contacting an olefin and an alcohol with each other in the presence of (a) a nitrite, (b) a platinum group metal or the salts thereof and (c) a halide at a high reaction rate without requirement of any troublesome operations for the separation, recovery and regeneration of the catalyst.

Abstract: A process for producing benzaldehydes by catalytic reduction of benzonitriles in the presence of an acid using a Raney nickel catalyst pretreated with a copper salt is disclosed.

Abstract: Alkoxymethyl protecting groups for organic hydroxyl substituents may be introduced into the desired compounds by acetal exchange between an alkylal and an alcohol in the presence of phosphorus oxychloride and dimethylformamide.

Abstract: Substituted N-aminomethylhaloacetanilides of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 -alkyl, R.sup.3 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, R.sup.4 is cyano or --CO--NH.sub.2, R.sup.5 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl and X is halogen, are used for controlling undesirable plant growth.

Abstract: A process and intermediates for preparing 6-(lower alkoxy)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1-naphthalenecarboxylic acid derivatives are disclosed. The derivatives are useful for preparing aldose reductase inhibitors. With reference to the process, 1,1,1-trifluoro-5-(2-methylphenyl)-2,3-pentadione 3-oxime is cyclized to give a key intermediate 3,4-dihydro-1-hydroxy-5-methyl-1-(trifluoromethyl)-2(1H)-naphthalenone oxime; and 3,4-dihydro-1-hydroxy-5-methyl-1-(trifluoromethyl)-2(1H)-naphthalenone is aromatized to 5-methyl-1-(trifluoromethyl)-2-naphthalenol with a dehydrating agent.

Abstract: The effluent stream from a process for producing phenolic compounds is reacted with an aldehyde in the presence of a base to form a water soluble resol which is useful in enhanced oil recovery.

Abstract: A enolizable organic compound, such as benzyl chloride, is reacted with an acid amide, an alcohol, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen in a homogeneous reaction mixture containing a cobalt carbonylation catalyst, an alkali metal alcoholate, and methyl isobutyl ketone so as to form an N-acylamino acid ester such as N-acetyl-D,L-phenylalanine methyl ester.

Abstract: A manufacturing method is described for the preparation of optically active 1-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-2-(alkoxycarbonyl)amino-1-propanone, its derivatives and their halo analogs. The optically active 1-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-2-(alkoxycarbonyl)amino-1-propanone, its derivatives and their halo analogs are useful intermediates in the preparation of 2-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)propionic acid, which is useful as pharmaceutical, e.g. antiinflammatory, analgesic and anti-pyretic agents.

Abstract: There is described a process for preparing the compound 1-decyloxy-4-[(7-oxa-4-octynyl)-oxy]-benzene consisting in condensing methyl-propargyl-ether with 1-bromo-3-chloro-propane and in reacting the resulting intermediate with 4-decyloxy-phenol in the presence of an alkaline hydroxide.The process can be carried out also without purifying the intermediate obtained from the first reaction.