Abstract: Composition for enhancing germination and growth of plants which comprises an effective amount of at least one abscisic acid-related compound having the following formula (I): ##STR1##

Abstract: In accordance with this invention, a porous sheet material is provided at intervals with bodies of a polymer which contain a 2,6-dinitroaniline. The sheet material is made porous to permit free passage of water. It may be either a perforated sheet or a woven or non-woven textile material. A particularly desirable embodiment is a non-woven fabric of non-biodegradable material. This type of material is known as a "geotextile" and is used for weed control, prevention of erosion on slopes, and other landscaping purposes. In order to obtain a root repelling property, a dinitroaniline is blended with a polymer which is attached to the geotextile or other porous material.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds, several of which belong to a class having two or more nonpolar components connected by a polar group and having polar groups on the termini of the compound.The invention also concerns a method of selectively inducing termini differentiation of neoplastic cells and thereby inhibiting proliferation of such cells which comprises contacting the cells under suitable condition with an amount of the compound effect to selectively induce terminal differentiation.Moreover, the invention provides a method of treating a patient having a tumor characterized by proliferation of neoplastic cells which comprises administering to the patient an amount of the compound effective to selectively induce terminal differentiation of such neoplastic cells, thereby inhibiting their proliferation and suppressing oncogenicity.

Abstract: A synergistic antimicrobial composition comprising 2-alkyl-3-isothiazolones, preferably 4,5-dichloro-2-n-octyl-3-isothiazolone or 2-n-octyl-3-isothiazolone, and certain iodopropargyl compounds, in a ratio to each other which exhibits synergism is disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of 2,5-substituted 1,3,4-thiadiazoles of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 stands for straight-chain or branched halogenoalkyl,R.sup.2 stands for straight-chain or branched alkyl andn stands for the numbers 1 or 2,as microbicides for protecting industrial materials.

Abstract: What is provided herein are cosmetic compositions for the care of hair and skin containing about 0.2 to 10% by wt. of a strongly swellable, moderately crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone polymers in the form of fine, white powders characterized by (a) an aqueous swelling parameter defined by its gel volume of about 15 to 150 ml/g, (b) a Brookfield viscosity in 5% aqueous solution of at least about 10,000 cps, and (c) being prepared directly by a precipitation polymerization process in an organic solvent, in the presence of about 0.2 to 1% by weight of vinylpyrrolidone of a multifunctional crosslinking agent, preferably about 0.25 to 0.6%, and optimally, about 0.35 to 0.6%.

Abstract: Herbicidal compositions comprising one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of .delta.-aminolevulinic acid, inducers of .delta.-aminolevulinic acid, enhancers of .delta.-aminolevulinic acid conversion to photodynamic tetrapyrroles, and inhibitors of conversion of divinyl tetrapyrroles to monovinyl tetrapyrroles; and methods of making and using same.

Abstract: A method and system for long-term control of root growth without killing the plants bearing those roots involves incorporating a 2,6-dinitroaniline in a polymer and disposing the polymer in an area in which root control is desired. This results in controlled release of the substituted aniline herbicide over a period of many years. Herbicides of this class have the property of preventing root elongation without translocating into other parts of the plant. The herbicide may be encapsulated in the polymer or mixed with it. The polymer-herbicide mixture may be formed into pellets, sheets, pipe gaskets, pipes for carrying water, or various other forms. The invention may be applied to other protection of buried hazardous wastes, protection of underground pipes, prevention of root intrusion beneath slabs, the dwarfing of trees or shrubs and other applications. The preferred herbicide is 4-difluoromethyl-N,N-dipropyl-2,6-dinitro-aniline, commonly known as trifluralin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new process for the preparation of 3-substituted derivatives of 1-amino-2- hydroxy-propane in the form of single diastereoisomers, to certain of these diastereoisomers, and to compounds which are intermediates in the new process of the invention.

Abstract: The invention provides a class of compounds having two or more nonpolar components connected by a polar group and having polar groups on the termini of the compound.The invention also concerns a method of selectively inducing terminal differentiation of neoplastic cells and thereby inhibiting proliferation of such cells which comprises contacting the cells under suitable condition with an amount of the compound effect to selectively induce terminal differentiation.Moreover, the invention provides a method of treating a patient having a tumor characterized by proliferation of neoplastic cells which comprises administering to the patient an amount of the compound effective to selectively induce terminal differentiation of such neoplastic cells, thereby inhibiting their proliferation and suppressing oncogenicity.

Abstract: Methods for controlling vegetation are disclosed which involve contacting the foliage of the vegetation with an aqueous solution containing urea and sulfuric acid. The molar ratio of urea to sulfuric acid preferably is within the range of about 1/4 to about 7/4 so that at least about 25 percent of the sulfuric acid is present in the solution as the monourea-sulfuric acid adduct. Methods for the selective control of undesired vegetation is seeded areas or in the presence of desired crop plants, nonselective methods of vegetation control involving the use of surfactant-containing solutions, and solid compositions suitable for producing the described aqueous solutions are also disclosed.

Abstract: A synergistic mixture of 2-(2 bromo-2-nitroethenyl)furan and 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol is disclosed. The synergistic mixture can be used as an antimicrobial in a broad spectrum of uses; the synergistic mixture is effective against bacteria, algae and fungi. An antimicrobial composition comprising the synergistic mixture and a carrier is also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for preparing 3(4),8(9)-bis(aminomethyl)tricyclo[5.2.1.0.sup.2,6 ]decane. The starting material for the synthesis of this compound is dicyclopentadiene, which is hydroformylated in the presence of a rhodium compound and subjected to reductive amination without the hydroformylation catalyst being separated from the reaction mixture.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method which comprises introducing into a reaction zone a feed which comprises a hydroxyl compound reactant, R"OH, at least one amide reactant selected from R-CONH.sub.2 and R-CONHR', and an inorganic catalyst, thereby reacting R"OH with said amide reactant to produce a rection mixture containing at least one disubstituted amide selected from R-CONHR".sub.2 and R-CONHR'R", whereineach of R, R' and R" contains no acetylenic unsaturation and 1 to 30 carbon atoms,each of R, R' and R" is selected from a hydrocarbyl group and a hydrocarbyl group that is substituted with a group selected from carbamoyl, hydrocarbylcarbamoyl, dihydrocarbylcarbamoyl, and hydroxyl,wherein said inorganic catalyst is selected from phosphates and sulfates of a Group 13 element and of a Group 2 metal having an atomic weight less than 145, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: An environmentally compatible herbicidal composition comprises a fatty acid active ingredient, an oil component and an emulsifier component. The composition is a foliar applied herbicide which effectively controls a variety of unwanted weed and grass species.The fatty acid component of the herbicidal composition comprises pelargonic acid which may be used alone or as the predomiannt component of a mixture of fatty acids including caprylic, pelargonic, capric, undecanoic, and lauric acids. The oil component comprises a triglyceride (e.g., various vegetable oils), a terpenoid-based oil or a paraffinic mineral oil. The emulsifier component comprises one or more anionic or non-ionic emulsifiers.

Abstract: Methods for controlling vegetation are disclosed which involve contacting the foliage of the vegetation with an aqueous solution containing urea and sulfuric acid. The molar ratio of urea to sulfuric acid preferably is within the range of about 1/4 to about 7/4 so that at least about 25 percent of the sulfuric acid is present in the solution as the monourea-sulfuric acid adduct. Methods for the selective control of undesired vegetation in seeded areas or in the presence of desired crop plants, nonselective methods of vegetation control involving the use of surfactant-containing solutions, and solid compositions suitable for producing the described aqueous solutions are also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods of using comminuted Alder bark as a stimulator of seed germination and growth media comprising comminuted Alder bark are disclosed. Also disclosed are seed treatment dusts comprising an active ingredient, a diluent material and comminuted Alder bark and methods of using these dusts. The active ingredients include fungicides, insecticides and other pesticides. The diluent materials used include clays and talcs.

Abstract: Novel hydrofluorene derivatives and salts thereof represented by the formula (1) which possess excellent activities for improving anoxemic and hypoxic symptoms and syndromes accompanied therewith, therefore said derivatives are useful as cerebral activators, preventive agents for arrhythmia and heart failure caused by the shortage of oxygen and others. Furthermore, said hydrofluorene derivatives and salts thereof possess actions for scavenging active oxygen radicals, therefore, the derivatives are useful prophylactic and treating agents for various disturbances and diseases caused by the excessive formation of active oxygen radicals. In addition to the above, the hydrofluorene derivatives are useful as anti-oxidative agents for fats and oils.

Abstract: A freshness preserving agent comprising carbon black having a specific surface area of at most 1,000 m.sup.2 /g as measured by BET method and a palladium compound supported thereon.

Abstract: Compounds having the formula ##STR1## wherein R is an aromatic or aliphatic group; R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are independently hydrogen, C.sub.1-4 alkyl or phenyl; X is halogen; and Y is halogen or an aromatic group; are prepared in a regioselective manner by treating a compound having the formula ##STR2## with a catalytic amount of a palladium(O) or a palladium(II) transition metal catalyst.