Abstract: System and methods are disclosed that replace shorthand items such acronyms, abbreviations, jargon, slang, codes, shortcut expressions, emojis, stickers, ideograms and emoticons in an electronic message with expansions, which are definitions or meanings of the shorthand items. Based on a number of times previous messages to the recipient included an expansion of the shorthand item, the system determines whether to stop or to continue expanding the shorthand item in electronic messages to that recipient. This may be based on a threshold or other preferences selected by a user. The system also indicates which text in the message presented to the recipient is an expansion of a shorthand item and suggests shorthand items to insert into outgoing messages based on the text of the message.

Abstract: Managing markup documents having a definition conforming to a pre-defined specification by retrieving the definition of a content markup document, the definition including a set of one or more content portions enclosed within a content element of semantically neutral type having a content identifier, retrieving the definition of a layout markup document, the definition including a set of layout elements of semantically neutral type each one having a layout identifier, and generating the definition of a combined markup document from the definition of the layout markup document and the definition of the at least one content markup page, where generating the definition of a combined markup document includes inserting the content portion enclosed within each content element of the content markup document into the definition of the layout markup document in correspondence of each layout element with the layout identifier matching the content identifier of the content element.

Abstract: A method for generating an appendix from document content is provided. Included is analyzing a structure of a document to identify at least one logical element in a content of a page of the document; identifying at least one relation within the identified at least one logical element to determine an appendix topic; determining a degree of relevance of the at least one relation identifying the appendix topic; extracting an appendix content from at least one source document, based on determining a relevance of the source document to the appendix topic; and formatting the appendix based on the extracted appendix content.

Abstract: A technique is provided for editing an attachment included in an email message. The attachment is displayed within a message body of the email message and can be edited directly within the message body. Specifically, the technique involves launching a markup application that generates an editable version of the attachment within the message body. The markup application allows a user to make edits to the editable version of the attachment without leaving the email message.

Abstract: Systems and methods may include updating subsets of elements of electronic documents. Associations of types of mutations, mutation locations, and subsets to update are stored in a database. A mutation to the element is received, and a type and location of the mutation are determined. Based on a stored association, a subset of the element is determined. The determined subset is associated with the determined type and determined location. The element is updated by updating the subset, and the updated element is displayed on a user device.

Abstract: In one aspect, a device includes a processor, a touch-enabled display accessible to the processor, and storage accessible to the processor. The storage bears instructions executable by the processor to determine a number of body parts with which a user provides input to the device and to perform a text alteration based at least in part on the determination of the number of body parts.

Abstract: A processor receives a command to optimize the placement of a plurality of annotations along a polyline displayed on a graphical user interface. The plurality of annotations has a plurality of font sizes and each font size has a height. A plurality of annotation slot size candidates is selected for logical annotation slots along the polyline. An annotation slot size is selected from among the plurality of annotation slot size candidates, wherein the chosen annotation slot size is smaller than largest of the font sizes. The polyline is divided into logical annotation slots having the chosen annotation slot size. The plurality of annotations is distributed among the logical annotation slots. The polyline and the distributed plurality of annotations is displayed on the graphical user interface.

Abstract: A cellular phone apparatus includes a screen A and a screen B. In a state where an overview of data for a screen with a large amount of information is guide displayed on the screen B (screen for user selection), every time an arbitrary content is selected, the cellular phone apparatus changes the data for the screen with the large amount of information to data for a screen with a small amount of information while arranging and displaying the selected content obtained via a Web server on the screen A. Accordingly, when data for the screen with the large amount of information is changed to data for the screen with the small amount of information in response to an instruction on a user side, a change that reflects the intentions of the user can be easily achieved.