Abstract: A vision training device, useful for improving hand-eye coordination activities, takes the form of eyewear having two red colored, translucent lenses, each lens containing a clear target sight positioned and dimensioned to allow a trainee to focus the image of an object onto the foveal vision areas of his eyes through the apertures while simultaneously stimulating the rod vision of the eye by exposure to light in the red spectrum.

Abstract: A retrofocus type lens having a plurality of lenses divided into three lens units, or, in the order from a screen, a first lens unit, a second lens unit and a third lens unit, wherein letting the focal length of the entire lens system be denoted by fT, and the distance from a lens surface on the side of an original image to the original image by SK,SK>0.7 fTis satisfied, and the second lens unit and the first lens unit or the third lens unit each is provided with at least one aspherical lens of which at least one of the lens surfaces is aspherical.

Abstract: A retrofocus type lens includes, in order from the screen side, a first lens unit having a negative refractive power and a second lens unit having a positive refractive power with a longest air separation in the lens system left therebetween, wherein a lens positioned closest to the screen side in the second lens unit is formed to a meniscus positive lens convex toward the screen side.

Abstract: Eyewear, such as sunglasses, is provided having a self-adjusting ear stem system. The eyewear has upper and lower frame members which contain an elastic cord means disposed there through wherein the elastic cord means can be extended on opposite sides of the wearer's face to fit around the wearer's ears.

Abstract: A toroidal lens (10) or a plurality of such lenses attached to a handle (14) for use as or in a keratoscope (12). If a plurality of lenses are employed, they are arranged either in different planes parallel to each other or concentrically in a single plane with varying degrees of ellipticity.

Abstract: A mirror which is incorporated in an optical device and is made of plastic, comprising: an effective portion which has a constant thickness and a reflecting surface; and a reinforcing portion which is so provided as to enclose the effective portion and reinforces the effective portion from a periphery of the effective portion; the reinforcing portion being formed integrally with the effective portion; the reinforcing portion having a thickness equal to the thickness of the effective portion; the reinforcing portion having a constant width.

Abstract: A reflector has a body of a ceramic oxide superconductive material whose surface is treated to be diffusively reflective and is coated with diamond-like carbon or magnesium fluoride.

Abstract: A method of fabricating an LED lens array which uses light of the constituent LEDs of the LED array as a light source for directly forming lenses on the LED array. This simplifies the fabrication process and decreases attenuation. The method involves depositing a mask in a desired pattern upon a substrate member bearing an n-type conductivity layer and, subsequently, forming a p-n junction therein by diffusion of an impurity into the n-type conductivity region to form a p-type conductivity region in a portion thereof. Following the application of electrodes and the deposition of a protective layer upon the resultant structure, a forward bias is applied to the electrodes. This results in the emission of light which is used to form a convex lens on the structure by optical chemical vapor deposition.

Abstract: A rear focusing type zoom lens system which comprises, as arrayed sequentially when viewed from the object side, a first lens group having a positive refracting power, second and third lens groups having negative refracting powers, respectively, and serving for zooming function when moved along an optical axis, a fourth lens group having a positive refracting power and constantly fixed stationarily, and a fifth lens group having a positive refracting power and serving for image formation function, wherein focusing is performed by moving a single lens element of the fifth lens group along the optical axis. Due to this arrangement, the number of the lens elements required to move for focusing can be reduced while assuring a high variable magnification power and a smaller F-value.

Abstract: This invention provides a corneal shape measuring apparatus that can correctly measure the shape of the cornea of a subject's eye from an image of a target reflected by the cornea even if the optic axis of a hand-held indicator is inclined with respect to the optic axis of the measuring system when measurements are made. A computing control circuit computes the inclination with respect to the measuring optic axis of an indicator plate from the shape of a guide hole in the indicator plate which had previously been input and the shape of the image of the guide hole, and corrects the image of the indicator reflected by the cornea of the subject's eye based on this inclination.

Abstract: The endoscope system of this invention is formed of an endoscope having an insertable part provided in the tip part with an illuminating window and a receiving window receiving an object image illuminated by an illuminating light emitted from the illuminating window and a plurality of sheaths selectively and removably connected to the endoscope, inserted through the insertable part when connected to the endoscope and having respectively different functions.

Abstract: A display having a diffraction grating pattern includes:(a) a flat substrate; and(b) at least one dot formed on a surface of the flat substrate, the dot being formed by a diffraction grating pattern as an aggregate of a plurality of curves obtained by translating a curve.

Abstract: A pseudo-luminous panel has an optical color filter and a reflecting film formed all over the back thereof. The surface of the optical color filter is formed by obliquely downward and upward band-like surface portions alternately arranged side by side in the vertical direction. The back face of the optical color filter is has obliquely upward band-like back face portions each on the opposite side from one of the obliquely downward band-like surface portions and obliquely downward band-like back face portions each on the opposite side from one of obliquely upward band-like surface portions. The obliquely downward band-like surface portions of the optical color filter are each a smooth surface extending straight in the longitudinal section of the panel. The obliquely upward band-like surface portions of the optical color filter are each a rough surface. The obliquely upward band-like back face portions of the optical color filter are each a smooth surface.

Abstract: An optical medium, which may be nonlinear, is provided with a matrix of conductors ("select lines") parallel to a face (planar surface) of the optical medium. The select lines are preferably superconductive, and are arranged in a two offset planar, preferably orthogonal sets. Adjacent pairs of select lines in both sets of select lines define discrete volumes, or "cells" within the optical medium. Light directed through the cells is refracted at angles determined by the quiescent optical properties of the optical medium, and may be "steered" to different angles by current passing through the select lines.

Abstract: An objective lens comprising, respectively from the object: a first element of a positive lens, at the object end thereof, having a convex surface; a second element of a positive meniscus lens, at the object end thereof, having a convex surface; a third element of a negative lens, at the image end thereof, having a concave surface; a fourth element of a single lens or a cemented lens, at the object end thereof, having a convex surface, wherein the cemented lens includes two or three lenses; a fifth element of a negative lens, at the object end thereof, having a concave surface; and a sixth element of a positive lens, at the object end thereof, having a convex surface. The objective lens satisfies the following three conditional equations, assuming that "f" designates the focal distance of the entire lens system:0.44f<R II<0.65f (1)0.63f<R IV<1.00f (2)0.55f<S III+D IV<0.

Abstract: A scanning optical system for preventing ghosting is provided wherein a laser beam emitted by a laser light source is first brought to an image in an auxiliary scanning plane, and reflected by a slit mirror provided in a prism block. The laser beam is incident on the scanning deflector along the optical axis of the scanning lens, and a screen is provided for obstructing ghosting in the vicinity of the scanning surface. Further, at least one side of the prism block on which the light is incident from which the light emerges is curved, or one side of the prism block is treated to prevent reflection. Further, the screen is disposed between the laser light source and the slit mirror so as to obstruct the part of the light beam incident on the mirror which is reflected by the mirror after being reflected by the scanning deflector.

Abstract: A conical lens mount having a snap-in lens clamp is disclosed. The lens mount has a hollow, truncated generally conical configuration with the lens mounted at the apex of the lens mount. The base portion of the conical lens mount defines a reference plane for use in an optical system. Preferably, the conical lens mount has integrally formed spring members for maintaining the lens mount and its reference plane at a predetermined position in an optical system. The conical lens mount finds particular application in an athermalized optical system.

Abstract: An opthalmic microscope is provided having a variable shutter illumination system which decreases the amount of light from the light source passing through the shutter to the field of view. When a patient's eye is positioned within the field of view, the variable shutter acts to decrease the exposure time the illumination beam contacts a patient's retina. In a first embodiment, the variable shutter includes a rotating disk having at least one controllable operative where such disk is placed between the illumination source and the field of view of the microscope. In another embodiment, the variable shutter is provided by an electronically controlled liquid crystal shutter which is operable between a fully open position allowing substantially all of the light beam to pass therethrough to a fully closed position totally blocking the transmission of light through the shutter.

Abstract: A zoom lens system comprises from the object side to the image side: a first lens unit of a positive refractive power; a second lens unit of a negative refractive power; and a third lens unit of a positive refractive power; wherein one of the first and third lens units is shiftable along the optical axis of the lens system in both of the zooming operation and the focusing operation, and the second lens unit is also shiftable along the optical axis of the lens system in the zooming operation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a zoom lens system which comprises nine or less constituent lenses in all, has a short total length and a small front lens, is reduced in terms of size, weight and cost, has a high zoom ratio and a large aperture ratio, and is best suited for use with handy camcorders, and which comprises a first lens unit G1 having a positive refracting power, a second lens unit G2 having a negative refracting power and movable horizontally along the optical axis during zooming, a third lens unit G3 constantly remaining fixed and consisting of a positive lens in which the object-side surface has a stronger curvature and at least the object-side surface takes an aspherical configuration and a negative meniscus lens in which the image-side surface has a stronger curvature, two lenses in all, said third lens unit G3 having a positive refracting power as a whole, and a fourth lens unit G4 movable horizontally along the optical axis for focus regulation during zooming and moving the object point and