Abstract: In an integrated circuit where one desires the most compact arrangement of fuses and active circuitry, an insulating layer is deposited over active circuitry which includes the associated interconnect layers. A protective layer made with a reflective material may be used as a conductive layer above the lower layers of the integrated circuit containing active circuitry which includes interconnect layers of any desired number. This protective layer is patterned below the areas that will later contain fuses (or antifuses or both). Above this protective layer another insulating layer is deposited. A fuse layer which may be metal or another conductive film is then deposited. This conductive layer is patterned to provide the desired fuses (and/or antifuses) as required, with some or all of the fuses aligned with the protective layer deposited underneath.

Abstract: A semiconductor device and a method for fabricating the same are disclosed that reduce short channel effects to improve device characteristics. The semiconductor device includes a gate insulating film formed on a semiconductor substrate, a gate electrode formed on the gate insulating film and a lightly doped region formed in the semiconductor substrate at both sides of the gate electrode. A sidewall insulating film is formed at both sides of the gate electrode and a heavily doped impurity region is formed in the semiconductor substrate extending from the sidewall insulating film. Further, an insulating film is formed at sides of the heavily doped impurity region. The insulating film prevents impurity ions from the heavily doped impurity region from diffusing into the channel region of the device.

Abstract: An integrated semiconductor logic gate apparatus having optimized asymmetric channel regions and method for fabricating the apparatus is disclosed. The fabrication process includes ion-implanting the drain side of the channel to produce asymmetric channels on the gate transistors by using a criss-cross form of ion implantation. The criss-cross ion-implantation is performed after formation of the multiple gate stacks and is facilitated by a patterned photoresist mask that leaves an open, unprotected region above adjacent gate stacks through which the ion-implantation is performed. The criss-cross ion-implantation includes two tilt angles that are determined by tangent expressions that factor the height of the photoresist mask, the width of the unprotected opening over pairs of gate stacks and the width of the channel regions, including a distance relating to the point where the source/drain potential barrier is a minimum beneath the overlying gate stack.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device includes: a capacitor formed on a substrate and including a lower electrode, a dielectric film and an upper electrode; a selection transistor formed at the substrate; an electrically conductive plug for providing electrical connection between the selection transistor and the capacitor; and a diffusion barrier film provided between the electrically conductive plug and the lower electrode of the capacitor. The diffusion barrier film is a TaxSi1−xNy film or a HfxSi1−xNy film (where 0.2<x<1 and 0<y<1). The lower electrode includes an Ir film and an IrO2 film which are sequentially formed.

Abstract: Certain boron-, phosphorus- and nitrogen-containing reaction products are multifunctional additives for lubricants and liquid fuels. They have been found to be antioxidants and antifriction agents and to hinder the corrosion of copper.

Abstract: Hydroxylalkyl hydrocarbyl imidazoline-acyl sarcosine reaction products exhibit good friction reducing and antirust properties when formulated into a variety of lubricants and fuels at low concentrations.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for encapsulation, and particularly to the production of small or minute capsules constituted by a skin or thin wall of polymeric material e.g., polyurea, polyamide, polysulfonamide, polyester, polycarbonate, or polyurethane, which involves first providing an organic liquid (continuous phase liquid) containing an oil soluble alkylated polyvinylpyrrolidone emulsifier A discontinuous (aqueous) phase liquid containing a water-soluble material, which is the material to be encapsulated, plus a first shell wall component; is dispersed in the continuous phase liquid to form a water-in-oil emulsion. The second shell wall component is added to the water-in-oil emulsion whereupon the first shell wall component reacts with the second shell wall component to form a solid polymeric shell wall about the material to be encapsulated. The capsules formed may be directly used as in the form of an organic suspension, i.e., a suspension of microcapsules in the organic liquid.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel compounds which are particularly suitable as corrosion inhibitors for aqueous liquids for the cleaning of metals, and especially as corrosion inhibitors for oil-free aqueous liquids used for the working of metals, in particular those exposed to corrosion. The compounds according to the invention correspond to the formula ##STR1## The invention also relates to a process for their preparation.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are as defined in the main claim, are suitable for use as stabilizers for organic material, such as polymers or lubricants. In addition to high activity, they are distinguished, in particular, by good color behavior and good compatibility with the substrates to be protected.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon oxidate composition which comprises the reaction product of (a) a hydrocarbon oxidate, as described herein, or the metal salt thereof, with (b) a polyol as described herein, wherein the hydrocarbon oxidate composition comprises a wax oxidate and has a very high viscosity and increased molecular weight and is useful as a lubricant, grease, or protective coating.

Abstract: Borated hydrocarbylenetriamine amides can be made by borating the appropriate reaction product of a triamine and an organic monocarboxylic acid. They demonstrate friction reducing and/or fuel consumption reducing properties when formulated into lubricants, particularly lubricating oils, and fuels.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition comprising:(1) 98.6 to 53% by weight of a base oil having a kinematic viscosity of 3 to 20 centistokes as determined at 100.degree. C.;(2) 0.2 to 5% by weight of a sulfurized oxymetal organophosphorodithioate represented by the formula (I): ##STR1## and/or sulfurized oxymetal dithiocarbamate represented by the formula (II): ##STR2## (3) 0.1 to 7% by weight of at least one zinc dithiophosphate represented by the formula (III): ##STR3## (4) 0.1 to 20% by weight of a calcium alkylbenzenesulfonate and/or a calcium petroleumsulfonate; and(5) 1 to 15% by weight of alkenylsuccinic acid imide and/or boron derivatives thereof. The present lubricating oil composition is superior in reducing the mechanical friction loss of four-cycle engines, particularly small-sized high power four-cycle engines when used as an engine oil.

Abstract: Products of reaction between a bis(2-hydroxyethyl)alkylamine or certain higher oxylated members, a dihydrocarbyl phosphite and a boron compound have been found to be effective friction reducers and fuel reducing additives for internal combustion engines when such products are compounded with lubricants and liquid fuels.

Abstract: Amino-amide borates provide effective multifunctional friction-reducing and high-temperature stabilizing additives for hydrocarbyl lubricants and fuels.

Abstract: Borated hydrocarbylenetriamine amides can be made by borating the appropriate reaction product of a triamine and an organic monocarboxylic acid. They demonstrate friction reducing and/or fuel consumption reducing properties when formulated into lubricants, particularly lubricating oils, and fuels.

Abstract: Crystalline lithium stearate aluminate improves the coefficient of friction, the antiwear properties and the extreme pressure properties of lubricating fluids.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a lubricant for use at high temperature, comprising: (A) from 25 to 98% by weight of an arylalkyl silicone having a repeating unit represented by the general formula (I); and (B) from 75 to 2% by weight of a fatty acid ester of a hindered alcohol. The lubricant of the invention is suitable for use as an engine oil. The general formula (I) follows: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is an alkyl group containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and R.sup.2 is an alkyl group containing from 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a hydrogen atom.

Abstract: A refrigeration oil composition comprising at least one oil selected from the group consisting of mineral oils and synthetic oils, said oil having a viscosity of from 1 to 500 cSt at 40.degree. C.; and a mercaptan of the formula RSH, wherein R is an alkyl group having 14 to 20 carbon atoms, said mercaptan being in an amount of from 5 to 5000 ppm, based on said oil composition, said refrigeration oil has excellent lubrication characteristics and is therefore effective to prevent seizure of sliding portions of the refrigerator mechanism and at the same time inhibits the occurrence of valve coking. It is also stable even in a refrigerant such as Freon and is therefore free from causing corrosion of the sliding portions of the refrigerator.

Abstract: Ethylene-alpha-olefin copolymers are disclosed being particularly useful as improving the low temperature viscosity and pumpability properties of lubricating oil comprised of a major and minor component each of which have a defined ethylene sequence distribution with respect to the number of ethylenes in sequences of three or more and the percent of ethylene sequences of three or more ethylene units. Ethylene-propylene copolymers are the preferred embodiment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the reaction of phosphate rock with nitric acid and urea to produce nitrogen-phosphorus containing slurries, which slurries, in turn, may be granulated and dried to produce solid N-P fertilizer products with agronomically advantageous low pHs (1.0-4.0). The products have excellent storage characteristics. The improved properties of these products result partially from the formation of a new compound, Ca(H.sub.2 PO.sub.4)(NO.sub.3).CO(NH.sub.2).sub.2, which was discovered during the course of the investigation that led to the instant invention.